resolvin-d3 and Chronic-Disease

Advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that bring about the resolution of acute inflammation have uncovered a new genus of pro-resolving lipid mediators that include the lipoxin, resolvin, protectin and maresin families, collectively called specialized pro-resolving mediators. Synthetic versions of these mediators have potent bioactions when administered in vivo. In animal experiments, the mediators evoke anti-inflammatory and novel pro-resolving mechanisms, and enhance microbial clearance. Although they have been identified in inflammation resolution, specialized pro-resolving mediators are conserved structures that also function in host defence, pain, organ protection and tissue remodelling. This Review covers the mechanisms of specialized pro-resolving mediators and omega-3 essential fatty acid pathways that could help us to understand their physiological functions.

Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Humans; Immunity; Infections; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Models, Biological; Pain; Regeneration; Translational Research, Biomedical; Wound Healing