raltegravir-potassium and Cardiovascular-Diseases

The aim of this study was to compare an in-person, group-based behavioral weight loss intervention to technology-based interventions in adults with obesity.. Adults (. Findings provide initial information on the use of technology-based interventions that include wearable devices combined with brief monthly telephone calls for weight loss in adults with obesity.. A highly stable amino-coordinated metal-organic framework ZJU-198 has been synthesized and structurally characterized, exhibiting high CO. The use of statins in SLE reduced the serum lipid and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, which suggests a role for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Statins did not affect the SLEDAI score, and therefore their use for modifying SLE disease activity levels is not presently supported.

Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adult; Air Pollutants; Alkynes; Alleles; Animals; Anthracenes; Anthraquinones; Anti-HIV Agents; Benzoxazines; Black or African American; Bone Density; Bone Density Conservation Agents; C-Reactive Protein; Calcium, Dietary; Capsid Proteins; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cardiovascular Diseases; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cholesterol; Collagen Type I; Cyclopropanes; Darunavir; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Echocardiography; Emtricitabine; Epitopes; Female; Femur Neck; Gene Expression Profiling; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal; Hip Joint; HIV Infections; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Immunization; Inflammation Mediators; Lipoproteins, LDL; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nitrates; Osteocalcin; Oxidation-Reduction; Parathyroid Hormone; Parvovirus B19, Human; Peptides; Phenotype; Pilot Projects; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Raltegravir Potassium; Ritonavir; RNA, Viral; Sodium Chloride; Tenofovir; Transcriptome; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaccines; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vitamin D; Young Adult

Topics: Anti-HIV Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Comorbidity; Drug Interactions; Drug Substitution; Drug Therapy, Combination; Health Behavior; HIV Infections; Humans; Life Style; Neoplasms; Precision Medicine; Raltegravir Potassium

The aim of this study was to compare an in-person, group-based behavioral weight loss intervention to technology-based interventions in adults with obesity.. Adults (. Findings provide initial information on the use of technology-based interventions that include wearable devices combined with brief monthly telephone calls for weight loss in adults with obesity.. A highly stable amino-coordinated metal-organic framework ZJU-198 has been synthesized and structurally characterized, exhibiting high CO. The use of statins in SLE reduced the serum lipid and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, which suggests a role for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Statins did not affect the SLEDAI score, and therefore their use for modifying SLE disease activity levels is not presently supported.

Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adult; Air Pollutants; Alkynes; Alleles; Animals; Anthracenes; Anthraquinones; Anti-HIV Agents; Benzoxazines; Black or African American; Bone Density; Bone Density Conservation Agents; C-Reactive Protein; Calcium, Dietary; Capsid Proteins; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cardiovascular Diseases; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cholesterol; Collagen Type I; Cyclopropanes; Darunavir; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Echocardiography; Emtricitabine; Epitopes; Female; Femur Neck; Gene Expression Profiling; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal; Hip Joint; HIV Infections; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Immunization; Inflammation Mediators; Lipoproteins, LDL; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nitrates; Osteocalcin; Oxidation-Reduction; Parathyroid Hormone; Parvovirus B19, Human; Peptides; Phenotype; Pilot Projects; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Raltegravir Potassium; Ritonavir; RNA, Viral; Sodium Chloride; Tenofovir; Transcriptome; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaccines; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vitamin D; Young Adult

To compare changes over 48 weeks in body fat, lipids, Metabolic Syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk between patients randomised 1:1 to lopinavir/ritonavir (r/LPV) plus raltegravir (RAL) compared to r/LPV plus 2-3 nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (N(t)RTIs) as second-line therapy.. Participants were HIV-1 positive (>16 years) failing first-line treatment (2 consecutive HIV RNA >500 copies/mL) of NNRTI +2N(t)RTI. Whole body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed at baseline and week 48. Data were obtained to calculate the Metabolic Syndrome and Framingham cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score. Linear regression was used to compare mean differences between arms. Logistic regression compared incidence of metabolic syndrome. Associations between percent limb fat changes at 48 weeks with baseline variables were assessed by backward stepwise multivariate linear regression. Analyses were adjusted for gender, body mass index and smoking status.. 210 participants were randomised. The mean (95% CI) increase in limb fat over 48 weeks was 15.7% (5.3, 25.9) or 0.9 kg (0.2, 1.5) in the r/LPV+N(t)RTI arm and 21.1% (11.1, 31,1) or 1.3 kg (0.7, 1.9) in the r/LPV+RAL arm, with no significant difference between treatment arms (-5.4% [-0.4 kg], p>0.1). Increases in total body fat mass (kg) and trunk fat mass (kg) were also similar between groups. Total:HDL cholesterol ratio was significantly higher in the RAL arm (mean difference -0.4 (1.4); p = 0.03), there were no other differences in lipid parameters between treatment arms. There were no statistically significant differences in CVD risk or incidence of Metabolic Syndrome between the two treatment arms. The baseline predictors of increased limb fat were high viral load, high insulin and participant's not taking lipid lowering treatment.. In patients switching to second line therapy, r/LPV combined with RAL demonstrated similar improvements in limb fat as an N(t)RTI + r/LPV regimen, but a worse total:HDL cholesterol ratio over 48 weeks.. This clinical trial is registered on Clinicaltrials.gov, registry number NCT00931463 http://clinicaltrials.gov/ ct2/show/NCT00931463?term = NCT00931463&rank = 1.

Topics: Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Body Fat Distribution; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Lipodystrophy; Logistic Models; Lopinavir; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Pyrrolidinones; Raltegravir Potassium; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Risk Factors; Ritonavir; RNA, Viral; Viral Load; Virus Replication

HIV protease inhibitor (PI), the core component of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) for HIV infection, has been implicated in HAART-associated cardiovascular complications. Our previous studies have demonstrated that activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is linked to HIV PI-induced inflammation and foam cell formation in macrophages. Raltegravir is a first-in-its-class HIV integrase inhibitor, the newest class of anti-HIV agents. We have recently reported that raltegravir has less hepatic toxicity and could prevent HIV PI-induced dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism by inhibiting ER stress. However, little information is available as to whether raltegravir would also prevent HIV PI-induced inflammatory response and foam cell formation in macrophages.. In this study, we examined the effect of raltegravir on ER stress activation and lipid accumulation in cultured mouse macrophages (J774A.1), primary mouse macrophages, and human THP-1-derived macrophages, and further determined whether the combination of raltegravir with existing HIV PIs would potentially exacerbate or prevent the previously observed activation of inflammatory response and foam cell formation. The results indicated that raltegravir did not induce ER stress and inflammatory response in macrophages. Even more interestingly, HIV PI-induced ER stress, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and foam cell formation were significantly reduced by raltegravir. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis further demonstrated that raltegravir did not affect the uptake of HIV PIs in macrophages.. Raltegravir could prevent HIV PI-induced inflammatory response and foam cell formation by inhibiting ER stress. These results suggest that incorporation of this HIV integrase inhibitor may reduce the cardiovascular complications associated with current HAART.

Topics: Animals; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cell Line; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cytokines; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; HIV Infections; HIV Integrase Inhibitors; HIV Protease Inhibitors; Homeostasis; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Kupffer Cells; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Raltegravir Potassium; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

To record the experience with use of raltegravir (RTG) for devising highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens based on RTG in high vascular risk patients.. A retrospective study was conducted on high vascular risk patients taking RTG. Case was a patient who, at the time raltegravir was started, had ≥ 20% 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease, estimated by the algorithm of the European AIDS Clinical Society. Patients should have been on stable HAART including RTG for at least six months. A matched control with ≥ 20% risk of cardiovascular disease, was selected for each case.. Ten controls and ten cases were selected. After six months using RTG, a significant decreased was seen in levels of HDL cholesterol (median -2,5mg/dL in controls versus 2,5mg/dL in cases, p=0.015), triglycerides (10mg/dL versus -101 mg/dL, p=0.009), and TC/HDL-C ratio (0.17 versus -0.73, p=0.002). Ten-year risk of cardiovascular disease was -4.85% in cases versus -0.05% in controls (p=0.07).. RTG shows a good profile to be used in people with high vascular risk, with a decrease in TC/HDL-C ratio and vascular risk.

Topics: Aged; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Cardiovascular Diseases; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol, HDL; HIV Infections; HIV Integrase Inhibitors; Humans; Middle Aged; Pyrrolidinones; Raltegravir Potassium; Retrospective Studies; Risk; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides

Topics: Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Cardiovascular Diseases; Dideoxynucleosides; HIV Infections; HIV Integrase Inhibitors; Humans; Pyrrolidinones; Raltegravir Potassium

Topics: Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Atazanavir Sulfate; Cardiovascular Diseases; Dideoxynucleosides; Drug Interactions; HIV Infections; Humans; Interleukin-2; Oligopeptides; Pyridines; Pyrrolidinones; Raltegravir Potassium

Topics: Anti-HIV Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; CCR5 Receptor Antagonists; Cyclohexanes; HIV Infections; HIV Integrase Inhibitors; Humans; Maraviroc; Pyrrolidinones; Raltegravir Potassium; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Triazoles