Page last updated: 2024-10-18

racepinephrine and Postintubation Croup

racepinephrine has been researched along with Postintubation Croup in 51 studies

Racepinephrine: A racemic mixture of d-epinephrine and l-epinephrine.
4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol : A catecholamine in which the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted at C-1 and methylated on nitrogen.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"To compare the additive effect of a helium-oxygen mixture (Heliox) or racemic epinephrine (RE) on croup scores (CSs) in children with moderate to severe croup treated with humidified oxygen and steroids."9.09A randomized comparison of helium-oxygen mixture (Heliox) and racemic epinephrine for the treatment of moderate to severe croup. ( Boczar, M; Chudnofsky, CR; Eicke, DM; Larkin, GL; Nolan, B; Weber, JE; Wilkerson, MD; Younger, JG; Zuriekat, GY, 2001)
"To compare the additive effect of a helium-oxygen mixture (Heliox) or racemic epinephrine (RE) on croup scores (CSs) in children with moderate to severe croup treated with humidified oxygen and steroids."5.09A randomized comparison of helium-oxygen mixture (Heliox) and racemic epinephrine for the treatment of moderate to severe croup. ( Boczar, M; Chudnofsky, CR; Eicke, DM; Larkin, GL; Nolan, B; Weber, JE; Wilkerson, MD; Younger, JG; Zuriekat, GY, 2001)
"We sought to describe rates of inpatient racemic epinephrine (IRE) and additional inpatient airway interventions (IAI) (oxygen or heliox therapy, intubation, or transfer to an intensive care unit) among patients presenting to a tertiary children's hospital with croup."3.91Rate of Airway Intervention for Croup at a Tertiary Children's Hospital 2015-2016. ( Barnes, T; Hester, G; McGuinn, T; Nickel, A; O'Neill, J; Swanson, G, 2019)
"Although croup is the most common form of airway obstruction in small children, there is debate as to the correct medical care for the hospitalized patient."3.77[Pseudocroup. Treatment in hospital]. ( Jensen, MK; Lund, B; Nielsen, JP, 1994)
"Patients with viral croup of moderate severity should be considered as candidates for the use of dexamethasone before discharge from the ED."2.68Use of dexamethasone in the outpatient management of acute laryngotracheitis. ( Cruz, MN; Rosenberg, N; Stewart, G, 1995)
"6 mg/kg dexamethasone PO, and mist, patients who were assessed as being safe for discharge after 3 hours of observation were discharged home and contacted for 48-hour follow-up."2.68Safety and efficacy of nebulized racemic epinephrine in conjunction with oral dexamethasone and mist in the outpatient treatment of croup. ( Ledwith, CA; Mauro, RD; Shea, LM, 1995)
"If a child had persistent resting stridor or a croup score greater than 2 at that time, hospitalization was inevitable."2.67Racemic epinephrine in the treatment of laryngotracheitis: can we identify children for outpatient therapy? ( Hartman, D; Jones, JS; Prendergast, M, 1994)
"Viral croup is a frequent disease in early childhood."2.50Viral croup: diagnosis and a treatment algorithm. ( Giannios, C; Kaditis, AG; Kalampouka, E; Malakasioti, G; Petrocheilou, A; Tanou, K, 2014)
"Croup is a common childhood illness characterized by barky cough, stridor, hoarseness and respiratory distress."2.49Nebulized epinephrine for croup in children. ( Bjornson, C; Johnson, DW; Klassen, TP; Russell, K; Vandermeer, B, 2013)
"Croup is a common childhood illness characterized by barky cough, stridor, hoarseness and respiratory distress."2.47Nebulized epinephrine for croup in children. ( Bjornson, C; Durec, T; Johnson, DW; Klassen, TP; Russell, KF; Vandermeer, B, 2011)
"Croup is a common paediatric respiratory illness involving inflammation and narrowing of the subglottic region of the larynx, frequently precipitated by viral infections."2.41The management of croup. ( Brown, JC, 2002)
" The correct dosage of dexamethasone is important, as lower steroid dosages have proven to be ineffective in treating croup."2.38Croup. ( Skolnik, N, 1993)
"Although viral croup is the most common form of airway obstruction in children 6 months to 6 years of age, there is debate regarding medical care for the hospitalized patient."2.38Treatment of croup. A critical review. ( Skolnik, NS, 1989)
"Croup is one of the most common respiratory complaints in pediatric emergency departments (EDs), yet little is known about clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for this condition."1.91Variation in Organizational Clinical Practice Guidelines for Croup. ( Bergmann, KR; Hester, GZ; Lammers, S; Lefchak, B; Nickel, A; Watson, D, 2023)
"Croup is a common upper airway infection characterized by a barking cough, stridor, and hoarseness."1.72Two Case Reports of Life-Threatening Croup Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Variant in Pediatric Patients. ( Lee, J; Park, E; Park, S; You, J, 2022)
" We performed logistic regression to identify factors associated with use of > 2 RE doses during hospitalization, and survival analysis to identify time to dosing of 3rd RE from 2nd RE."1.51Inpatient use of racemic epinephrine for children admitted with croup. ( Afandi, O; Chiang, E; Lee, SH; Pitetti, RD; Ramgopal, S; Suresh, S, 2019)
"Rapid influenza diagnostic test was positive for influenza A."1.48Uncommon presentation of a common disease: influenza A presenting as adult croup . ( Basnet, A; Dy, P; Shah, S; Shaikh, N, 2018)
"Myocardial infarction is a previously unreported complication of treatment with racemic epinephrine that is used commonly in the emergency department for severe respiratory distress in bronchiolitis or croup syndrome."1.30Pediatric myocardial infarction after racemic epinephrine administration. ( Butte, MJ; Hutchison, TJ; Nguyen, BX; Wiggins, JW; Ziegler, JW, 1999)
"Forty-seven of the 50 children had stridor at rest and/or retracting at rest on presentation to the emergency department."1.28Racemic epinephrine use in croup and disposition. ( Kelley, PB; Simon, JE, 1992)
" Increase in dosage resulted in a moderate elevation of heart rate without improvement in therapeutic action."1.26[Simple nebulization of racemic epinephrine in the treatment of acute laryngitis (croup) (author's transl)]. ( Zach, M, 1981)
"Croup is a syndrome of inspiratory stridor, cough, and hoarseness, due to varying degrees of laryngeal obstruction."1.25Recent advances in diagnosis and management of croup. ( Temple, AR, 1975)

Research

Studies (51)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199014 (27.45)18.7374
1990's16 (31.37)18.2507
2000's3 (5.88)29.6817
2010's9 (17.65)24.3611
2020's9 (17.65)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Udoh, I1
Heegeman, D1
Ravi, S1
Park, S1
You, J1
Lee, J1
Park, E1
Maalouli, W2
Petersen, A1
Strutt, J1
Bergmann, KR4
Axelrod, A1
Lee, G1
Hester, GZ3
Hester, G2
Nickel, AJ1
Watson, D3
Walsh, PS1
Zhang, Y1
Lipshaw, MJ1
Hancock, WC1
Scott, M1
Winer, JC1
Lefchak, B2
Nickel, A3
Lammers, S2
Barnes, T1
O'Neill, J1
Swanson, G1
McGuinn, T1
Smith, N1
Giordano, K1
Thompson, A1
DePiero, A1
Shaikh, N1
Dy, P1
Basnet, A1
Shah, S1
Maalouli, WM1
Hodges, JS1
Asmundsson, AS1
Arms, J1
Kaila, R1
Roback, MG1
Theiler, C1
Davey, CS1
Louie, JP1
Chiang, E1
Afandi, O1
Lee, SH1
Suresh, S1
Pitetti, RD1
Ramgopal, S1
Bjornson, C2
Russell, K1
Vandermeer, B2
Klassen, TP2
Johnson, DW3
Petrocheilou, A1
Tanou, K1
Kalampouka, E1
Malakasioti, G1
Giannios, C1
Kaditis, AG1
Rudinsky, SL1
Sharieff, GQ1
Law, W1
Kanegaye, JT1
Russell, KF1
Durec, T1
Zach, M1
Goldhagen, JL1
Postma, DS1
Jones, RO1
Pillsbury, HC1
Fogel, JM1
Berg, IJ1
Gerber, MA1
Sherter, CB1
Bass, JW2
Bruhn, FW1
Merritt, WT1
Corkey, CW1
Barker, GA1
Edmonds, JF1
Mok, PM1
Newth, CJ2
Cruz, MN1
Stewart, G1
Rosenberg, N1
Jensen, MK1
Lund, B1
Nielsen, JP1
Kristjánsson, S1
Berg-Kelly, K1
Winsö, E1
Ledwith, CA1
Shea, LM1
Mauro, RD1
Prendergast, M1
Jones, JS2
Hartman, D1
Skolnik, N1
Hendricks, J1
Kunkel, NC1
Baker, MD1
Steele, DW1
Santucci, KA1
Wright, RO1
Natarajan, R1
McQuillen, KK1
Jay, GD1
Thomas, LP1
Friedland, LR1
Jacobson, S1
Edney, PC1
Hadfield, P1
Mundy, ME1
Schuh, S1
Butte, MJ1
Nguyen, BX1
Hutchison, TJ1
Wiggins, JW1
Ziegler, JW1
Weber, JE1
Chudnofsky, CR1
Younger, JG1
Larkin, GL1
Boczar, M1
Wilkerson, MD1
Zuriekat, GY1
Nolan, B1
Eicke, DM1
Rygnestad, T1
Skogvoll, E1
Brown, JC1
Westley, CR1
Cotton, EK1
Brooks, JG1
Temple, AR1
Taussig, LM1
Castro, O1
Beaudry, PH1
Fox, WW1
Bureau, M1
Kelley, PB1
Simon, JE1
Corneli, HM1
Bolte, RG1
Waisman, Y1
Klein, BL1
Boenning, DA1
Young, GM1
Chamberlain, JM1
O'Donnell, R1
Ochsenschlager, DW1
Sivan, Y1
Deakers, TW1
Skolnik, NS1
Super, DM1
Cartelli, NA1
Brooks, LJ1
Lembo, RM1
Kumar, ML1
Kuusela, AL1
Vesikari, T1

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Comparison Between Inhaled Budesonide and Intravenous Dexamethasone Treatments for Postextubation Stridor in Children[NCT02056379]70 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-03-31Not yet recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

9 reviews available for racepinephrine and Postintubation Croup

ArticleYear
Use of a Clinical Guideline and Orderset to Reduce Hospital Admissions for Croup.
    Pediatrics, 2022, 09-01, Volume: 150, Issue:3

    Topics: Child; COVID-19; Croup; Emergency Service, Hospital; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Racepinephrine

2022
Nebulized epinephrine for croup in children.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2013, Oct-10, Issue:10

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Epinephrine; Hu

2013
Viral croup: diagnosis and a treatment algorithm.
    Pediatric pulmonology, 2014, Volume: 49, Issue:5

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Algorithms; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchodilat

2014
Nebulized epinephrine for croup in children.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2011, Feb-16, Issue:2

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Child; Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Nebulizers a

2011
Croup: pathogenesis and management.
    The Journal of emergency medicine, 1983, Volume: 1, Issue:1

    Topics: Child; Croup; Dexamethasone; Diagnosis, Differential; Epiglottitis; Epinephrine; Foreign Bodies; Hum

1983
[Pseudocroup. Treatment in hospital].
    Ugeskrift for laeger, 1994, Nov-07, Volume: 156, Issue:45

    Topics: Child, Preschool; Croup; Denmark; Dexamethasone; Epinephrine; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Nebul

1994
Croup.
    The Journal of family practice, 1993, Volume: 37, Issue:2

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Air; Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Humidity; Infant;

1993
The management of croup.
    British medical bulletin, 2002, Volume: 61

    Topics: Bronchodilator Agents; Child, Preschool; Croup; Dexamethasone; Drug Administration Schedule; Epineph

2002
Treatment of croup. A critical review.
    American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1989, Volume: 143, Issue:9

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Diagnosis, Differential; Epinephrine; Human

1989

Trials

15 trials available for racepinephrine and Postintubation Croup

ArticleYear
Racemic epinephrine in the treatment of croup: nebulization alone versus nebulization with intermittent positive pressure breathing.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1982, Volume: 101, Issue:6

    Topics: Aerosols; Child, Preschool; Croup; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Infant; Intermittent Positive-Pressu

1982
Radiographic tracheal diameter measurements in acute infectious croup: an objective scoring system.
    Critical care medicine, 1981, Volume: 9, Issue:8

    Topics: Airway Obstruction; Clinical Trials as Topic; Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Laryngitis; Racepinephrine

1981
Use of dexamethasone in the outpatient management of acute laryngotracheitis.
    Pediatrics, 1995, Volume: 96, Issue:2 Pt 1

    Topics: Ambulatory Care; Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Dexamethasone; Double-Blind Method; Epinephrine; Fe

1995
[Pseudocroup. Treatment in hospital].
    Ugeskrift for laeger, 1994, Nov-07, Volume: 156, Issue:45

    Topics: Child, Preschool; Croup; Denmark; Dexamethasone; Epinephrine; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Nebul

1994
Inhalation of racemic adrenaline in the treatment of mild and moderately severe croup. Clinical symptom score and oxygen saturation measurements for evaluation of treatment effects.
    Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 1994, Volume: 83, Issue:11

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Blood Gas Analysis; Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Double-Blind Method;

1994
Safety and efficacy of nebulized racemic epinephrine in conjunction with oral dexamethasone and mist in the outpatient treatment of croup.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 1995, Volume: 25, Issue:3

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Ambulatory Care; Child; Child, Preschool; Colorado

1995
Racemic epinephrine in the treatment of laryngotracheitis: can we identify children for outpatient therapy?
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 1994, Volume: 12, Issue:6

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Age Factors; Ambulatory Care; Analysis of Variance; Child; Child, Presch

1994
Use of racemic epinephrine, dexamethasone, and mist in the outpatient management of croup.
    Pediatric emergency care, 1996, Volume: 12, Issue:3

    Topics: Ambulatory Care; Bronchodilator Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality Therapy; Croup; D

1996
A comparison of nebulized budesonide, intramuscular dexamethasone, and placebo for moderately severe croup.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1998, Aug-20, Volume: 339, Issue:8

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Analysis of Variance; Bronchodilator Agents; Budesonide; Child, Preschoo

1998
A randomized comparison of helium-oxygen mixture (Heliox) and racemic epinephrine for the treatment of moderate to severe croup.
    Pediatrics, 2001, Volume: 107, Issue:6

    Topics: Analysis of Variance; Child, Preschool; Croup; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epine

2001
Nebulized racemic epinephrine by IPPB for the treatment of croup: a double-blind study.
    American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1978, Volume: 132, Issue:5

    Topics: Acute Disease; Aerosols; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Croup; Double-Blind Method; Epi

1978
Treatment of laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Use of intermittent positive-pressure breathing and racemic epinephrine.
    American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1975, Volume: 129, Issue:7

    Topics: Acute Disease; Aerosols; Carbon Dioxide; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Croup; E

1975
Prospective randomized double-blind study comparing L-epinephrine and racemic epinephrine aerosols in the treatment of laryngotracheitis (croup).
    Pediatrics, 1992, Volume: 89, Issue:2

    Topics: Aerosols; Croup; Double-Blind Method; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Prospective Studies

1992
A prospective randomized double-blind study to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone in acute laryngotracheitis.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1989, Volume: 115, Issue:2

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Dexamethasone; Double-Blind Method

1989
A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of dexamethasone and racemic epinephrine in the treatment of croup.
    Acta paediatrica Scandinavica, 1988, Volume: 77, Issue:1

    Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Croup; Dexamethasone; Double-Blind Method; Drug T

1988

Other Studies

28 other studies available for racepinephrine and Postintubation Croup

ArticleYear
Retrospective Evaluation of Return Rates in Pediatric Patients Treated With Inhaled Racemic Epinephrine for Croup.
    WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin, 2022, Volume: 121, Issue:1

    Topics: Child; Croup; Emergency Service, Hospital; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Racepinephrine

2022
Two Case Reports of Life-Threatening Croup Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Variant in Pediatric Patients.
    Journal of Korean medical science, 2022, Jun-20, Volume: 37, Issue:24

    Topics: Child; Cough; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Croup; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Racepinep

2022
Prediction Model for Croup Admission Need.
    Hospital pediatrics, 2022, 08-01, Volume: 12, Issue:8

    Topics: Child; Croup; Dexamethasone; Emergency Service, Hospital; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Racepinep

2022
Variation in Emergency Department Use of Racemic Epinephrine and Associated Outcomes for Croup.
    Hospital pediatrics, 2023, 02-01, Volume: 13, Issue:2

    Topics: Child; Croup; Emergency Service, Hospital; Hospitalization; Humans; Racepinephrine; Respiratory Trac

2023
Predictors of Inpatient Racemic Epinephrine Use in Patients Admitted With Croup.
    Hospital pediatrics, 2023, 03-01, Volume: 13, Issue:3

    Topics: Child; Croup; Emergency Service, Hospital; Epinephrine; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Patient Dis

2023
Impact of Clinical Guidelines on Hospital Utilization in Children With Croup.
    Hospital pediatrics, 2023, 09-01, Volume: 13, Issue:9

    Topics: Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Croup; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Humans; Infant; Racepinephrine

2023
Variation in Organizational Clinical Practice Guidelines for Croup.
    Hospital pediatrics, 2023, 09-01, Volume: 13, Issue:9

    Topics: Child; Croup; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Racepinephrine; Reproducibility of Results; Respirato

2023
Rate of Airway Intervention for Croup at a Tertiary Children's Hospital 2015-2016.
    The Journal of emergency medicine, 2019, Volume: 57, Issue:3

    Topics: Bronchodilator Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Female; Helium; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans;

2019
Failure of Outpatient Management With Different Observation Times After Racemic Epinephrine for Croup.
    Clinical pediatrics, 2018, Volume: 57, Issue:6

    Topics: Ambulatory Care; Child; Croup; Humans; Racepinephrine; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Treatmen

2018
Uncommon presentation of a common disease: influenza A presenting as adult croup .
    BMJ case reports, 2018, Jun-04, Volume: 2018

    Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Aged, 80 and over; Antiviral Agents; Bronchodilator Agents; Croup; Dexam

2018
Croup Admissions: Can We Shrink the Elephant in the Room?
    Pediatric emergency care, 2021, Dec-01, Volume: 37, Issue:12

    Topics: Child; Croup; Emergency Service, Hospital; Hospitalization; Humans; Pilot Projects; Racepinephrine

2021
Hospital Course of Croup After Emergency Department Management.
    Hospital pediatrics, 2019, Volume: 9, Issue:5

    Topics: Bronchodilator Agents; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Croup; Emergency Service, Hospital

2019
Inpatient use of racemic epinephrine for children admitted with croup.
    World journal of pediatrics : WJP, 2019, Volume: 15, Issue:6

    Topics: Bronchodilator Agents; Child, Preschool; Croup; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant; Male; Racep

2019
Inpatient Treatment after Multi-Dose Racemic Epinephrine for Croup in the Emergency Department.
    The Journal of emergency medicine, 2015, Volume: 49, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Bronchodilator Agents; Child, Preschool; Croup; Emergency Service, Hospital

2015
[Simple nebulization of racemic epinephrine in the treatment of acute laryngitis (croup) (author's transl)].
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Kinderheilkunde, 1981, Volume: 129, Issue:3

    Topics: Croup; Epinephrine; Heart Rate; Humans; Infant; Laryngitis; Racepinephrine; Respiratory Therapy

1981
Severe hospitalized croup: treatment trends and prognosis.
    The Laryngoscope, 1984, Volume: 94, Issue:9

    Topics: Aerosols; Asthma; Croup; Dexamethasone; Epinephrine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hospitalization; Hum

1984
Efficacy of racemic epinephrine in croup.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1983, Volume: 103, Issue:4

    Topics: Child; Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Laryngitis; Racepinephrine

1983
Corticosteroids and racemic epinephrine with IPPB in the treatment of croup.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1980, Volume: 96, Issue:1

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aerosols; Child; Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Infant; Intermittent Positive-

1980
Racemic epinephrine in the treatment of laryngotracheitis: can relapse be prevented?
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 1996, Volume: 14, Issue:1

    Topics: Acute Disease; Bronchodilator Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Emergency Medical Services; Ep

1996
Pulsus paradoxus: an objective measure of severity in croup.
    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1998, Volume: 157, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Blood Pressure; Bronchodilator Agents; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Cr

1998
The cost-effective use of nebulized racemic epinephrine in the treatment of croup.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 1998, Volume: 16, Issue:1

    Topics: Child, Preschool; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Croup; Data Collection; Emergency Service, Hospital; Emerge

1998
Pediatric myocardial infarction after racemic epinephrine administration.
    Pediatrics, 1999, Volume: 104, Issue:1

    Topics: Child; Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Isomerism; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Racepinephrine

1999
[Treatment of false croup with racemic adrenaline].
    Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 2001, Apr-20, Volume: 121, Issue:10

    Topics: Adrenergic Agonists; Bronchodilator Agents; Child; Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Isomerism; Racepineph

2001
Croup: IPPB and/or racemic epinephrine therapy.
    Pediatrics, 1978, Volume: 61, Issue:1

    Topics: Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing; Laryngitis; Positive-Pressure

1978
Recent advances in diagnosis and management of croup.
    The Journal of family practice, 1975, Volume: 2, Issue:2

    Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Croup; Diagnosis, Differential; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Laryngitis; Ma

1975
Racemic epinephrine use in croup and disposition.
    The American journal of emergency medicine, 1992, Volume: 10, Issue:3

    Topics: Aerosols; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Protocols; Croup; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergency S

1992
Outpatient use of racemic epinephrine in croup.
    American family physician, 1992, Volume: 46, Issue:3

    Topics: Child; Croup; Emergency Service, Hospital; Epinephrine; Humans; Outpatients; Racepinephrine

1992
Thoracoabdominal asynchrony in acute upper airway obstruction in small children.
    The American review of respiratory disease, 1990, Volume: 142, Issue:3

    Topics: Abdomen; Acute Disease; Airway Obstruction; Child, Preschool; Croup; Epinephrine; Humans; Infant; In

1990