racemetirosine has been researched along with Disease Models, Animal in 41 studies
alpha-Methyltyrosine: An inhibitor of the enzyme TYROSINE 3-MONOOXYGENASE, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed)
Disease Models, Animal: Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " In this study we seek to determine ventilation and its responses to hypoxia in a reserpine--alpha-methyl-tyrosine model of parkinsonism in the rat." | 3.83 | Breathing in Parkinsonism in the Rat. ( Bialkowska, M; Boguszewski, P; Pokorski, M, 2016) |
| "Acute dystonia can also be reliably induced in many primate species by neuroleptic treatment with comparable time course, symptomatology and pharmacological characteristics to those observed in man." | 2.37 | Acute dystonia induced by neuroleptic drugs. ( Jenner, P; Marsden, CD; Rupniak, NM, 1986) |
| "Our objective was to study hypertension induced by chronic administration of synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX), under nonstressful conditions and examine the role of catecholamine biosynthesis." | 1.43 | A Novel Model of Dexamethasone-Induced Hypertension: Use in Investigating the Role of Tyrosine Hydroxylase. ( Franklin, C; Gottlieb, H; Hinojosa-Laborde, C; Rani, CS; Soto-Piña, AE; Strong, R, 2016) |
| " Although monoamine oxidase activity remained unaltered by oleanolic acid, chronic administration of oleanolic acid augmented hippocampal BDNF level." | 1.40 | Plurality of anxiety and depression alteration mechanism by oleanolic acid. ( Costa, EA; Da Rocha, FF; Fajemiroye, JO; Florentino, IF; Galdino, PM; Ghedini, PC; Polepally, PR; Zjawiony, JK, 2014) |
| "Pretreatment with clonidine or yohimbine failed to affect basal plasma corticosterone and ACTH concentrations, but abolished diazepam-induced inhibition of the HPA axis activity." | 1.38 | The involvement of noradrenergic mechanisms in the suppressive effects of diazepam on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in female rats. ( Muck-Šeler, D; Pivac, N; Švob Štrac, D, 2012) |
| "Propranolol is a non-selective β adrenergic receptor blocker which antagonises the anti-inflammatory effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs via the β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors." | 1.37 | Effects of epinephrine and cortisol on the analgesic activity of metyrosine in rats. ( Akcay, F; Albayrak, Y; Karatay, S; Polat, B; Saglam, MB; Suleyman, H; Uslu, T; Yildirim, K, 2011) |
| " Overall, the dose-response and time-of-recovery relationships for altered NET expression matched those for production of antidepressant-like effects on behavior." | 1.35 | Norepinephrine transporter regulation mediates the long-term behavioral effects of the antidepressant desipramine. ( Baros, AM; Bondi, CO; Lapiz, MD; Morilak, DA; O'Donnell, JM; Zhang, HT; Zhao, Z, 2008) |
| "Acute renal failure was induced by occlusion of bilateral renal arteries for 60 min, and the motor activity and brain monoamine turnover were examined 48 h later." | 1.31 | Uraemia suppresses central dopaminergic metabolism and impairs motor activity in rats. ( Adachi, N; Arai, T; Deshpande, G; Lei, B; Nagaro, T; Seyfried, FJ; Shimizu, I, 2001) |
| "Haloperidol-induced VC were inhibited by the s." | 1.28 | Haloperidol-induced vacuous chewing in rats: suppression by alpha-methyl-tyrosine. ( Collu, M; Diana, M; Gessa, GL; Mura, A, 1992) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 4 (9.76) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 3 (7.32) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 11 (26.83) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 21 (51.22) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 2 (4.88) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Solinski, HJ | 1 |
| Dranchak, P | 1 |
| Oliphant, E | 1 |
| Gu, X | 1 |
| Earnest, TW | 1 |
| Braisted, J | 1 |
| Inglese, J | 1 |
| Hoon, MA | 1 |
| Abrams, RPM | 1 |
| Yasgar, A | 1 |
| Teramoto, T | 1 |
| Lee, MH | 1 |
| Dorjsuren, D | 1 |
| Eastman, RT | 1 |
| Malik, N | 1 |
| Zakharov, AV | 1 |
| Li, W | 1 |
| Bachani, M | 1 |
| Brimacombe, K | 1 |
| Steiner, JP | 1 |
| Hall, MD | 1 |
| Balasubramanian, A | 1 |
| Jadhav, A | 1 |
| Padmanabhan, R | 1 |
| Simeonov, A | 1 |
| Nath, A | 1 |
| Woodman, R | 1 |
| Miller, C | 1 |
| Student, J | 1 |
| Freeman, K | 1 |
| Perl, D | 1 |
| Lockette, W | 1 |
| Pałucha-Poniewiera, A | 1 |
| Podkowa, K | 1 |
| Lenda, T | 1 |
| Pilc, A | 1 |
| Gannon, BM | 1 |
| Williamson, A | 1 |
| Rice, KC | 1 |
| Fantegrossi, WE | 1 |
| Kwiatkowski, MA | 1 |
| Hellemann, G | 1 |
| Sugar, CA | 1 |
| Cope, ZA | 1 |
| Minassian, A | 1 |
| Perry, W | 1 |
| Geyer, MA | 2 |
| Young, JW | 2 |
| Çimen, O | 1 |
| Çimen, FK | 1 |
| Gülaboğlu, M | 1 |
| Bilgin, AÖ | 1 |
| Çekiç, AB | 1 |
| Eken, H | 1 |
| Süleyman, Z | 1 |
| Bilgin, Y | 1 |
| Altuner, D | 1 |
| van Enkhuizen, J | 1 |
| Halberstadt, AL | 1 |
| Zhuang, X | 1 |
| Fajemiroye, JO | 1 |
| Galdino, PM | 1 |
| Florentino, IF | 1 |
| Da Rocha, FF | 1 |
| Ghedini, PC | 1 |
| Polepally, PR | 1 |
| Zjawiony, JK | 1 |
| Costa, EA | 1 |
| Udo, H | 1 |
| Hamasu, K | 1 |
| Furuse, M | 1 |
| Sugiyama, H | 1 |
| Ahiskalioglu, A | 1 |
| Ince, I | 1 |
| Aksoy, M | 1 |
| Ahiskalioglu, EO | 1 |
| Comez, M | 1 |
| Dostbil, A | 1 |
| Celik, M | 1 |
| Alp, HH | 2 |
| Coskun, R | 1 |
| Taghizadehghalehjoughi, A | 1 |
| Suleyman, B | 1 |
| Martins, DF | 1 |
| Emer, AA | 1 |
| Batisti, AP | 1 |
| Donatello, N | 1 |
| Carlesso, MG | 1 |
| Mazzardo-Martins, L | 1 |
| Venzke, D | 1 |
| Micke, GA | 1 |
| Pizzolatti, MG | 1 |
| Piovezan, AP | 1 |
| dos Santos, AR | 1 |
| Bialkowska, M | 1 |
| Boguszewski, P | 1 |
| Pokorski, M | 1 |
| Soto-Piña, AE | 1 |
| Franklin, C | 1 |
| Rani, CS | 1 |
| Gottlieb, H | 1 |
| Hinojosa-Laborde, C | 1 |
| Strong, R | 1 |
| Ortiz, AN | 1 |
| Kurth, BJ | 1 |
| Osterhaus, GL | 1 |
| Johnson, MA | 1 |
| Kwon, S | 1 |
| Lee, B | 1 |
| Kim, M | 1 |
| Lee, H | 1 |
| Park, HJ | 1 |
| Hahm, DH | 1 |
| Yuan, J | 1 |
| Darvas, M | 1 |
| Sotak, B | 1 |
| Hatzidimitriou, G | 1 |
| McCann, UD | 1 |
| Palmiter, RD | 1 |
| Ricaurte, GA | 1 |
| Charron, G | 1 |
| Doudnikoff, E | 1 |
| Laux, A | 1 |
| Berthet, A | 1 |
| Porras, G | 1 |
| Canron, MH | 1 |
| Barroso-Chinea, P | 1 |
| Li, Q | 1 |
| Qin, C | 1 |
| Nosten-Bertrand, M | 1 |
| Giros, B | 1 |
| Delalande, F | 1 |
| Van Dorsselaer, A | 1 |
| Vital, A | 1 |
| Goumon, Y | 1 |
| Bezard, E | 1 |
| Albayrak, Y | 1 |
| Saglam, MB | 1 |
| Yildirim, K | 1 |
| Karatay, S | 1 |
| Polat, B | 2 |
| Uslu, T | 1 |
| Suleyman, H | 2 |
| Akcay, F | 1 |
| Yigiter, M | 1 |
| Yildiz, A | 1 |
| Keles, ON | 1 |
| Salman, AB | 1 |
| Lima, MM | 1 |
| Andersen, ML | 1 |
| Reksidler, AB | 1 |
| Ferraz, AC | 1 |
| Vital, MA | 1 |
| Tufik, S | 1 |
| Švob Štrac, D | 1 |
| Muck-Šeler, D | 1 |
| Pivac, N | 1 |
| Cunha, MP | 1 |
| Pazini, FL | 1 |
| Oliveira, Á | 1 |
| Bettio, LE | 1 |
| Rosa, JM | 1 |
| Machado, DG | 1 |
| Rodrigues, AL | 1 |
| Marchand, F | 1 |
| Alloui, A | 1 |
| Chapuy, E | 1 |
| Jourdan, D | 1 |
| Pelissier, T | 1 |
| Ardid, D | 1 |
| Hernandez, A | 1 |
| Eschalier, A | 1 |
| Guo, N | 1 |
| Hwang, DR | 1 |
| Lo, ES | 1 |
| Huang, YY | 1 |
| Laruelle, M | 1 |
| Abi-Dargham, A | 1 |
| Gustafsson, E | 1 |
| Andsberg, G | 1 |
| Darsalia, V | 1 |
| Mohapel, P | 1 |
| Mandel, RJ | 1 |
| Kirik, D | 1 |
| Lindvall, O | 1 |
| Kokaia, Z | 1 |
| Leng, A | 1 |
| Mura, A | 2 |
| Hengerer, B | 1 |
| Feldon, J | 1 |
| Ferger, B | 1 |
| Sotnikova, TD | 1 |
| Beaulieu, JM | 1 |
| Barak, LS | 1 |
| Wetsel, WC | 2 |
| Caron, MG | 1 |
| Gainetdinov, RR | 1 |
| Yavich, L | 1 |
| Oksman, M | 1 |
| Tanila, H | 1 |
| Kerokoski, P | 1 |
| Hiltunen, M | 1 |
| van Groen, T | 1 |
| Puoliväli, J | 1 |
| Männistö, PT | 1 |
| García-Horsman, A | 1 |
| MacDonald, E | 1 |
| Beyreuther, K | 1 |
| Hartmann, T | 1 |
| Jäkälä, P | 1 |
| Venton, BJ | 1 |
| Seipel, AT | 1 |
| Phillips, PE | 1 |
| Gitler, D | 1 |
| Greengard, P | 1 |
| Augustine, GJ | 1 |
| Wightman, RM | 1 |
| van der Elst, MC | 1 |
| Wunderink, YS | 1 |
| Ellenbroek, BA | 1 |
| Cools, AR | 1 |
| Zhao, Z | 1 |
| Baros, AM | 1 |
| Zhang, HT | 1 |
| Lapiz, MD | 1 |
| Bondi, CO | 1 |
| Morilak, DA | 1 |
| O'Donnell, JM | 1 |
| Martinez, JL | 1 |
| Jensen, RA | 1 |
| McGaugh, JL | 1 |
| Kraemer, GW | 1 |
| Ebert, MH | 1 |
| Lake, CR | 1 |
| McKinney, WT | 1 |
| Jovanović-Mićić, D | 1 |
| Samardzić, R | 1 |
| Beleslin, DB | 1 |
| Adachi, N | 1 |
| Lei, B | 1 |
| Deshpande, G | 1 |
| Seyfried, FJ | 1 |
| Shimizu, I | 1 |
| Nagaro, T | 1 |
| Arai, T | 1 |
| Pendleton, RG | 1 |
| Parvez, F | 1 |
| Sayed, M | 1 |
| Hillman, R | 1 |
| Diana, M | 1 |
| Collu, M | 1 |
| Gessa, GL | 1 |
| Zelis, R | 1 |
| Clemson, B | 1 |
| Baily, R | 1 |
| Davis, D | 1 |
| Rupniak, NM | 1 |
| Jenner, P | 1 |
| Marsden, CD | 1 |
| de Yebenes, JG | 1 |
| Fahn, S | 1 |
| Jackson-Lewis, V | 1 |
| Jorge, P | 1 |
| Mena, MA | 1 |
| Reiriz, J | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effect of Atlas Cedarwood Essential Oil Aromatherapy on Sleep Quality Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03830554] | 96 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2018-07-30 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
3 reviews available for racemetirosine and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Dopamine transporter knockdown mice in the behavioral pattern monitor: A robust, reproducible model for mania-relevant behaviors.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Antimanic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Bipolar Disorder; Cohort Studies; | 2019 |
Attenuation of experimentally-induced amnesia.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Amnesia; Amphetamine; Animals; Anisomycin; Cycloh | 1981 |
Acute dystonia induced by neuroleptic drugs.
Topics: Acute Disease; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Chlorpromazine; Disease M | 1986 |
38 other studies available for racemetirosine and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell-Free System; Dermatitis, Contact; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, S | 2019 |
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Artificial Intelligence; Chlorocebus aethiops; Disease Models, Animal; Dr | 2020 |
Alpha-methyltyrosine reduces the acute cardiovascular and behavioral sequelae in a murine model of traumatic brain injury.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Bicarbonates; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Catecholamines; Chlorides; D | 2023 |
The involvement of monoaminergic neurotransmission in the antidepressant-like action of scopolamine in the tail suspension test.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Citalopram; Depressive Disorder; Disease Model | 2017 |
Role of monoaminergic systems and ambient temperature in bath salts constituent 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)-elicited hyperthermia and locomotor stimulation in mice.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzodioxoles; Biogenic Monoamines; Body Temper | 2018 |
The effect of metyrosine on oxidative gastric damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Biochemical and histopathological evaluation.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gastric Mucosa; Male; Oxid | 2018 |
Dopamine depletion attenuates some behavioral abnormalities in a hyperdopaminergic mouse model of bipolar disorder.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Bipolar Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma M | 2014 |
Plurality of anxiety and depression alteration mechanism by oleanolic acid.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Brain-Derived Neur | 2014 |
VEGF-induced antidepressant effects involve modulation of norepinephrine and serotonin systems.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Brain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fenclon | 2014 |
Comparative Investigation of Protective Effects of Metyrosine and Metoprolol Against Ketamine Cardiotoxicity in Rats.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; DNA | 2015 |
Inhalation of Cedrus atlantica essential oil alleviates pain behavior through activation of descending pain modulation pathways in a mouse model of postoperative pain.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Analgesic | 2015 |
Breathing in Parkinsonism in the Rat.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Brain; Carotid Body; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agoni | 2016 |
A Novel Model of Dexamethasone-Induced Hypertension: Use in Investigating the Role of Tyrosine Hydroxylase.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Blood Pressure; Dexamethasone; Disease Models, Anima | 2016 |
Dysregulation of intracellular dopamine stores revealed in the R6/2 mouse striatum.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Biophysics; | 2010 |
Antidepressant-like effect of the methanolic extract from Bupleurum falcatum in the tail suspension test.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Bupleurum; Depression; D | 2010 |
Dopamine is not essential for the development of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Body Temperature; D | 2010 |
Endogenous morphine-like compound immunoreactivity increases in parkinsonism.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Aged; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Analysis of Variance; Anim | 2011 |
Effects of epinephrine and cortisol on the analgesic activity of metyrosine in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Analgesics; Animals; Carrageenan; Chromatography, | 2011 |
The protective effects of metyrosine, lacidipine, clonidine, and moxonidine on kidney damage induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Biopsy, Needle; Clonidine; Dihydropyridines; Dis | 2012 |
Paradoxical sleep deprivation modulates tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the nigrostriatal pathway and attenuates motor deficits induced by dopaminergic depletion.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Down-Regulati | 2012 |
The involvement of noradrenergic mechanisms in the suppressive effects of diazepam on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in female rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic Neurons; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; alpha-Meth | 2012 |
The activation of α1-adrenoceptors is implicated in the antidepressant-like effect of creatine in the tail suspension test.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Creat | 2013 |
Evidence for a monoamine mediated, opioid-independent, antihyperalgesic effect of venlafaxine, a non-tricyclic antidepressant, in a neurogenic pain model in rats.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Analgesics; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Cyclohexanols; Disease Models, Ani | 2003 |
Dopamine depletion and in vivo binding of PET D1 receptor radioligands: implications for imaging studies in schizophrenia.
Topics: Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Benzazepines; Benzofurans; Binding Site | 2003 |
Anterograde delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to striatum via nigral transduction of recombinant adeno-associated virus increases neuronal death but promotes neurogenic response following stroke.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Fa | 2003 |
Effects of blocking the dopamine biosynthesis and of neurotoxic dopamine depletion with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on voluntary wheel running in mice.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; alpha-Methyltyrosine; | 2004 |
Dopamine-independent locomotor actions of amphetamines in a novel acute mouse model of Parkinson disease.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Amphetamines; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Basal Ganglia; Blepharoptosis; Di | 2005 |
Locomotor activity and evoked dopamine release are reduced in mice overexpressing A30P-mutated human alpha-synuclein.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Pl | 2005 |
Cocaine increases dopamine release by mobilization of a synapsin-dependent reserve pool.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Do | 2006 |
Differences in the cellular mechanism underlying the effects of amphetamine on prepulse inhibition in apomorphine-susceptible and apomorphine-unsusceptible rats.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Amphetamine; Animals; Apomorphine; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; D | 2007 |
Norepinephrine transporter regulation mediates the long-term behavioral effects of the antidepressant desipramine.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Behavior, Animal; Binding, Competit | 2008 |
Cerebrospinal fluid measures of neurotransmitter changes associated with pharmacological alteration of the despair response to social separation in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Anxiety, Separation; Behavior, Animal; Depressive Disorder; Disease M | 1984 |
The role of alpha-adrenergic mechanisms within the area postrema in dopamine-induced emesis.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Cerebral Ventricles; Di | 1995 |
Uraemia suppresses central dopaminergic metabolism and impairs motor activity in rats.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Coma; Confusion; Corpus Striatu | 2001 |
Effects of pharmacological agents upon a transgenic model of Parkinson's disease in Drosophila melanogaster.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; alpha-Methyltyrosine; alpha-Synuclein; A | 2002 |
Haloperidol-induced vacuous chewing in rats: suppression by alpha-methyl-tyrosine.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Antipsych | 1992 |
Regulation of tissue noradrenaline in the rat myocardial infarction model of chronic heart failure.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Arteries; Desipramine; Disease Models, Animal; Heart Failure; Kidney | 1992 |
Continuous intracerebroventricular infusion of dopamine and dopamine agonists through a totally implanted drug delivery system in animal models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Brain Diseases; Catheterization; Cerebral Ventricles; Disease Models, | 1988 |