rabeprazole has been researched along with Esophagitis in 15 studies
Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.
Esophagitis: INFLAMMATION, acute or chronic, of the ESOPHAGUS caused by BACTERIA, chemicals, or TRAUMA.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to assess the relative efficacy of vonoprazan and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on early heartburn symptom resolution in patients with erosive esophagitis." | 9.22 | Network Meta-analysis Comparing Vonoprazan and Proton Pump Inhibitors for Heartburn Symptoms in Erosive Esophagitis. ( Deguchi, H; Fernandez, J; Fujimori, I; Igarashi, A; Nakano, H; Oshima, T, 2022) |
| " We aimed to clarify the efficacy of rabeprazole for preventing peptic ulcer, esophagitis, and gastrointestinal symptoms associated with LDA." | 9.16 | Rabeprazole reduces the recurrence risk of peptic ulcers associated with low-dose aspirin in patients with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease: a prospective randomized active-controlled trial. ( Azuma, T; Fujisawa, T; Fujita, T; Hayakumo, T; Inokuchi, H; Kawai, T; Kutsumi, H; Kuwayama, H; Matsubara, Y; Miyaji, H; Murakami, M; Sanuki, T; Terao, S; Yamazaki, Y; Yoshida, S, 2012) |
| "To evaluate a novel rabeprazole extended release (ER), which provides longer duration of drug exposure and acid suppression, in healing and symptomatic resolution of moderate-severe erosive oesophagitis." | 9.15 | Randomised clinical trial: a novel rabeprazole extended release 50 mg formulation vs. esomeprazole 40 mg in healing of moderate-to-severe erosive oesophagitis - the results of two double-blind studies. ( Chou, C; Goldstein, MJ; Ibegbu, I; Johnson, DA; Katz, PO; Laine, L; Lu, Y; Rossiter, G, 2011) |
| "In this multicentre, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, comparative study, performed in Europe and Iceland, patients with endoscopically confirmed erosive oesophagitis were randomized to receive once-daily treatment with rabeprazole 20 mg (n=358) or omeprazole 20 mg (n=359) for 7 days." | 9.12 | Effect of rabeprazole and omeprazole on the onset of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptom relief during the first seven days of treatment. ( Bytzer, P; Kennerly, P; Miller, N; Morocutti, A; Ravic, M, 2006) |
| "To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of rabeprazole 10 mg and 20 mg versus placebo for the prevention of endoscopically demonstrable relapse in patients previously diagnosed with erosive or ulcerative gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) who had no oesophageal erosions or ulcerations at study entry." | 9.09 | Rabeprazole for the prevention of recurrent erosive or ulcerative gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Rabeprazole Study Group. ( Birbara, C; Breiter, J; Hahne, W; Perdomo, C, 2000) |
| "Fifty-five patients (17 with nonerosive GERD and 38 with low-grade esophagitis) were treated with rabeprazole, 20 mg/day." | 6.71 | On-demand therapy with rabeprazole in nonerosive and erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease in clinical practice: effectiveness, health-related quality of life, and patient satisfaction. ( Argüello, L; Bastida, G; Garrigues, V; Ortiz, V; Ponce, J; Ponce, M, 2004) |
| "This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to assess the relative efficacy of vonoprazan and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on early heartburn symptom resolution in patients with erosive esophagitis." | 5.22 | Network Meta-analysis Comparing Vonoprazan and Proton Pump Inhibitors for Heartburn Symptoms in Erosive Esophagitis. ( Deguchi, H; Fernandez, J; Fujimori, I; Igarashi, A; Nakano, H; Oshima, T, 2022) |
| " We aimed to clarify the efficacy of rabeprazole for preventing peptic ulcer, esophagitis, and gastrointestinal symptoms associated with LDA." | 5.16 | Rabeprazole reduces the recurrence risk of peptic ulcers associated with low-dose aspirin in patients with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease: a prospective randomized active-controlled trial. ( Azuma, T; Fujisawa, T; Fujita, T; Hayakumo, T; Inokuchi, H; Kawai, T; Kutsumi, H; Kuwayama, H; Matsubara, Y; Miyaji, H; Murakami, M; Sanuki, T; Terao, S; Yamazaki, Y; Yoshida, S, 2012) |
| "To evaluate a novel rabeprazole extended release (ER), which provides longer duration of drug exposure and acid suppression, in healing and symptomatic resolution of moderate-severe erosive oesophagitis." | 5.15 | Randomised clinical trial: a novel rabeprazole extended release 50 mg formulation vs. esomeprazole 40 mg in healing of moderate-to-severe erosive oesophagitis - the results of two double-blind studies. ( Chou, C; Goldstein, MJ; Ibegbu, I; Johnson, DA; Katz, PO; Laine, L; Lu, Y; Rossiter, G, 2011) |
| "In this multicentre, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, comparative study, performed in Europe and Iceland, patients with endoscopically confirmed erosive oesophagitis were randomized to receive once-daily treatment with rabeprazole 20 mg (n=358) or omeprazole 20 mg (n=359) for 7 days." | 5.12 | Effect of rabeprazole and omeprazole on the onset of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptom relief during the first seven days of treatment. ( Bytzer, P; Kennerly, P; Miller, N; Morocutti, A; Ravic, M, 2006) |
| "In elderly patients, pantoprazole and rabeprazole were significantly more effective than omeprazole in healing esophagitis and than omeprazole or lansoprazole in improving symptoms." | 5.12 | Comparison of four proton pump inhibitors for the short-term treatment of esophagitis in elderly patients. ( Andriulli, A; Annese, V; D'Ambrosio, LP; Di Mario, F; Franceschi, M; Leandro, G; Paris, F; Pilotto, A; Scarcelli, C; Seripa, D, 2007) |
| "Gastric and oesophageal pH were determined in 26 subjects with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease at baseline and on days 1, 2 and 8 of treatment with 20 mg omeprazole or 20 mg rabeprazole in a randomized, two-way cross-over fashion." | 5.10 | The basis for the decreased response to proton pump inhibitors in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease patients without erosive oesophagitis. ( Gallo-Torres, H; Gardner, JD; Miner, PB; Robinson, M; Sloan, S, 2003) |
| "To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of rabeprazole 10 mg and 20 mg versus placebo for the prevention of endoscopically demonstrable relapse in patients previously diagnosed with erosive or ulcerative gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) who had no oesophageal erosions or ulcerations at study entry." | 5.09 | Rabeprazole for the prevention of recurrent erosive or ulcerative gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Rabeprazole Study Group. ( Birbara, C; Breiter, J; Hahne, W; Perdomo, C, 2000) |
| "Consecutive patients presented with GERD symptoms were enrolled to erosive esophagitis (EE) group, non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) group and functional heartburn (FH) group after upper endoscopy, combined MII-pH monitoring and rabeprazole test." | 3.75 | Reflux profile of Chinese gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with combined multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring. ( Chen, MH; Cheung, TK; Hung, IF; Lin, JK; Peng, S; Wang, AJ; Wong, BC; Wong, NY; Xiao, YL, 2009) |
| "Fifty-five patients (17 with nonerosive GERD and 38 with low-grade esophagitis) were treated with rabeprazole, 20 mg/day." | 2.71 | On-demand therapy with rabeprazole in nonerosive and erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease in clinical practice: effectiveness, health-related quality of life, and patient satisfaction. ( Argüello, L; Bastida, G; Garrigues, V; Ortiz, V; Ponce, J; Ponce, M, 2004) |
| "Esomeprazole 40 mg was found to provide significantly higher healing rates at 4 weeks [OR 1." | 2.45 | Systematic review: standard- and double-dose proton pump inhibitors for the healing of severe erosive oesophagitis -- a mixed treatment comparison of randomized controlled trials. ( DAS, R; Edwards, SJ; Lind, T; Lundell, L, 2009) |
| "Rabeprazole is a newer generation proton pump inhibitor that suppresses the gastric proton pump and acid secretion more rapidly than does omeprazole, lansoprazole or pantoprazole." | 2.42 | Review article: relief of symptoms in gastric acid-related diseases--correlation with acid suppression in rabeprazole treatment. ( Miner, P, 2004) |
| " A retrospective review of children receiving PPI therapy continuously for 1 year or more with baseline and follow-up esophageal and gastric biopsies on treatment was conducted to assess type, frequency, and duration of PPI dosing, symptom relief, gastrin levels, histologic findings, and adverse events." | 1.35 | Long-term proton pump inhibitor use in children: a retrospective review of safety. ( Boyer, K; Tolia, V, 2008) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 11 (73.33) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 3 (20.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (6.67) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Oshima, T | 1 |
| Igarashi, A | 1 |
| Nakano, H | 1 |
| Deguchi, H | 1 |
| Fujimori, I | 1 |
| Fernandez, J | 1 |
| Edwards, SJ | 1 |
| Lind, T | 1 |
| Lundell, L | 1 |
| DAS, R | 1 |
| Xiao, YL | 1 |
| Lin, JK | 1 |
| Cheung, TK | 1 |
| Wong, NY | 1 |
| Hung, IF | 1 |
| Wong, BC | 1 |
| Peng, S | 1 |
| Wang, AJ | 1 |
| Chen, MH | 1 |
| Yaghoobi, M | 1 |
| Padol, S | 1 |
| Yuan, Y | 1 |
| Hunt, RH | 1 |
| Laine, L | 1 |
| Katz, PO | 2 |
| Johnson, DA | 1 |
| Ibegbu, I | 1 |
| Goldstein, MJ | 1 |
| Chou, C | 1 |
| Rossiter, G | 1 |
| Lu, Y | 1 |
| Sanuki, T | 1 |
| Fujita, T | 1 |
| Kutsumi, H | 1 |
| Hayakumo, T | 1 |
| Yoshida, S | 1 |
| Inokuchi, H | 1 |
| Murakami, M | 1 |
| Matsubara, Y | 1 |
| Kuwayama, H | 1 |
| Kawai, T | 1 |
| Miyaji, H | 1 |
| Fujisawa, T | 1 |
| Terao, S | 1 |
| Yamazaki, Y | 1 |
| Azuma, T | 1 |
| Gardner, JD | 1 |
| Gallo-Torres, H | 1 |
| Sloan, S | 1 |
| Robinson, M | 1 |
| Miner, PB | 1 |
| Ponce, J | 1 |
| Argüello, L | 1 |
| Bastida, G | 1 |
| Ponce, M | 1 |
| Ortiz, V | 1 |
| Garrigues, V | 1 |
| Miner, P | 1 |
| Bytzer, P | 1 |
| Morocutti, A | 1 |
| Kennerly, P | 1 |
| Ravic, M | 1 |
| Miller, N | 1 |
| Tolia, V | 1 |
| Boyer, K | 1 |
| Pilotto, A | 1 |
| Franceschi, M | 1 |
| Leandro, G | 1 |
| Scarcelli, C | 1 |
| D'Ambrosio, LP | 1 |
| Paris, F | 1 |
| Annese, V | 1 |
| Seripa, D | 1 |
| Andriulli, A | 1 |
| Di Mario, F | 1 |
| Tanaka, K | 1 |
| Toyoda, H | 1 |
| Hamada, Y | 1 |
| Aoki, M | 1 |
| Kosaka, R | 1 |
| Noda, T | 1 |
| Katsurahara, M | 1 |
| Nakamura, M | 1 |
| Ninomiya, K | 1 |
| Inoue, H | 1 |
| Imoto, I | 1 |
| Takei, Y | 1 |
| Birbara, C | 1 |
| Breiter, J | 1 |
| Perdomo, C | 1 |
| Hahne, W | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Randomized Double-Blind Parallel Study of Rabeprazole Extended-Release 50 mg Versus Esomeprazole 40 mg for Healing and Symptomatic Relief of Moderate to Severe Erosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)[NCT00658528] | Phase 3 | 1,061 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-02-29 | Completed | ||
| A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Study of Rabeprazole Extended-Release 50 mg Versus Esomeprazole 40 mg for Healing and Symptomatic Relief of Moderate to Severe Erosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)[NCT00658775] | Phase 3 | 1,069 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-02-29 | Completed | ||
| Effectiveness of Vonoprazan vs Omeprazole as Empiric Therapy for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Patients Without Alarm Features in a Primary Care Setting: A Pragmatic, Randomized, Single Blind Study[NCT04028466] | Phase 4 | 82 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2019-05-26 | Terminated (stopped due to Budget for the study was withdrawn and discontinued) | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
During the first 4 weeks of the Double-blind Phase, participants were to record heartburn in a daily diary. Participant daily symptoms for the assessment of hearburn was based on a commonly used 4-point Likert scale of none, mild, moderate and severe. A participant was considered achieving sustained resolution of heartburn if the participant had maintained at least 7 consecutive heartburn-free days. (NCT00658528)
Timeframe: Week 4
| Intervention | Percentage of Participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Missing | |
| ESO 40 mg | 48.2 | 46.3 | 5.5 |
| RAB ER 50 mg | 48.3 | 44.3 | 7.4 |
"Healing at week 4 or 8 were based on improvement of eGERD of the LA classification of esophagitis Grade C or D from Baseline. Classifications include:~Not Present: No breaks (erosions) in the esophageal mucosa (however, edema, erythema, or friability may be present).~Grade A: One or more mucosal breaks not more than 5 mm in maximum length. Grade B: One or more mucosal breaks more than 5 mm in maximum length, but not continuous between the tops of 2 mucosal folds.~Grade C: Mucosal breaks continuous between the tops of 2 or more mucosal folds, but involving less than 75% of the esophageal circumference.~Grade D: Mucosal breaks involving at least 75% of the esophageal circumference." (NCT00658528)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 4
| Intervention | Percentage of Participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Missing | |
| ESO 40 mg | 50.3 | 47.8 | 1.9 |
| RAB ER 50 mg | 54.8 | 42.6 | 2.7 |
"Healing at week 4 or 8 were based on improvement of eGERD of the Los Angeles (LA) classification of esophagitis Grade C or D from Baseline. Classifications include:~Not Present: No breaks (erosions) in the esophageal mucosa (however, edema, erythema, or friability may be present).~Grade A: One or more mucosal breaks not more than 5 mm in maximum length. Grade B: One or more mucosal breaks more than 5 mm in maximum length, but not continuous between the tops of 2 mucosal folds.~Grade C: Mucosal breaks continuous between the tops of 2 or more mucosal folds, but involving less than 75% of the esophageal circumference.~Gread D: Mucosal breaks involving at least 75% of the esophageal circumference." (NCT00658528)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 8
| Intervention | Percentage of Participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Missing | |
| ESO 40 mg | 75 | 20.3 | 4.7 |
| RAB ER 50 mg | 80 | 14.9 | 5.2 |
During the first 4 weeks of the Double-blind Phase, participants were to record heartburn in a daily diary. Participant daily symptoms for the assessment of heartburn was based on a commonly used 4-point Likert scale of none, mild, moderate and severe. A participant was considered achieving sustained resolution of heartburn if the participant had maintained at least 7 consecutive heartburn-free days. (NCT00658775)
Timeframe: Week 4
| Intervention | Percentage of Participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Missing | |
| ESO 40mg | 52.5 | 40 | 7.4 |
| RAB ER 50mg | 53.2 | 39.6 | 7.2 |
"Healing at week 4 or 8 were based on improvement of eGERD of the LA classification of esophagitis Grade C or D from Baseline. Classifications include:~Not Present: No breaks (erosions) in the esophageal mucosa (however, edema, erythema, or friability may be present) Grade A: One or more mucosal breaks not more than 5mm in maximum length. Grade B: One or more mucosal breaks more than 5mm in maximum length, but not continuous between the tops of 2 mucosal folds.~Grade C: Mucosal breaks continuous between the tops of 2 or more mucosal folds, but involving less than 75% of the esophageal circumference.~Grade D: Mucosal breaks involving at least 75% of the esophageal circumference." (NCT00658775)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 4
| Intervention | Percentage of Participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Missing | |
| ESO 40mg | 50.7 | 46.4 | 3 |
| RAB ER 50mg | 50.9 | 47 | 2.1 |
"Healing at week 4 or 8 were based on improvement of eGERD of the Los Angeles (LA) classification of esophagitis Grade C or D from Baseline. Classifications include:~Not Present: No breaks (erosions) in the esophageal mucosa (however, edema, erythema, or friability may be present) Grade A: One or more mucosal breaks not more than 5mm in maximum length. Grade B: One or more mucosal breaks more than 5mm in maximum length, but not continuous between the tops of 2 mucosal folds.~Grade C: Mucosal breaks continuous between the tops of 2 or more mucosal folds, but involving less than 75% of the esophageal circumference.~Grade D: Mucosal breaks involving at least 75% of the esophageal circumference." (NCT00658775)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 8
| Intervention | Percentage of Participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Missing | |
| ESO 40mg | 78.4 | 16.6 | 5 |
| RAB ER 50mg | 77.5 | 18.4 | 4.2 |
5 reviews available for rabeprazole and Esophagitis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Network Meta-analysis Comparing Vonoprazan and Proton Pump Inhibitors for Heartburn Symptoms in Erosive Esophagitis.
Topics: Adult; Bayes Theorem; Esophagitis; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Heartburn; Humans; Network Meta-Analysis | 2022 |
Systematic review: standard- and double-dose proton pump inhibitors for the healing of severe erosive oesophagitis -- a mixed treatment comparison of randomized controlled trials.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Esomep | 2009 |
Impact of oesophagitis classification in evaluating healing of erosive oesophagitis after therapy with proton pump inhibitors: a pooled analysis.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Databases, Factual; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Esomeprazo | 2010 |
Review article: relief of symptoms in gastric acid-related diseases--correlation with acid suppression in rabeprazole treatment.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Benzimidazoles; Esophagitis; Gastric Aci | 2004 |
Effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors: beyond cost.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Benzimidazoles; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esophagitis; Gastroesoph | 2004 |
7 trials available for rabeprazole and Esophagitis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Randomised clinical trial: a novel rabeprazole extended release 50 mg formulation vs. esomeprazole 40 mg in healing of moderate-to-severe erosive oesophagitis - the results of two double-blind studies.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Esomeprazole; | 2011 |
Randomised clinical trial: a novel rabeprazole extended release 50 mg formulation vs. esomeprazole 40 mg in healing of moderate-to-severe erosive oesophagitis - the results of two double-blind studies.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Esomeprazole; | 2011 |
Randomised clinical trial: a novel rabeprazole extended release 50 mg formulation vs. esomeprazole 40 mg in healing of moderate-to-severe erosive oesophagitis - the results of two double-blind studies.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Esomeprazole; | 2011 |
Randomised clinical trial: a novel rabeprazole extended release 50 mg formulation vs. esomeprazole 40 mg in healing of moderate-to-severe erosive oesophagitis - the results of two double-blind studies.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Esomeprazole; | 2011 |
Rabeprazole reduces the recurrence risk of peptic ulcers associated with low-dose aspirin in patients with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease: a prospective randomized active-controlled trial.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Aged; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Aspirin; Cardiovascular Diseases; | 2012 |
The basis for the decreased response to proton pump inhibitors in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease patients without erosive oesophagitis.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Benzimidazoles; | 2003 |
On-demand therapy with rabeprazole in nonerosive and erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease in clinical practice: effectiveness, health-related quality of life, and patient satisfaction.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Adult; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Benzimidazoles; Esophagitis; Fema | 2004 |
Effect of rabeprazole and omeprazole on the onset of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptom relief during the first seven days of treatment.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Double-Blind Method; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esophagitis; Female | 2006 |
Comparison of four proton pump inhibitors for the short-term treatment of esophagitis in elderly patients.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Endoscopy, Gast | 2007 |
Rabeprazole for the prevention of recurrent erosive or ulcerative gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Rabeprazole Study Group.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Benzimidazoles; Dose-Res | 2000 |
3 other studies available for rabeprazole and Esophagitis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Reflux profile of Chinese gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with combined multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Case- | 2009 |
Long-term proton pump inhibitor use in children: a retrospective review of safety.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Child; Child, Preschool; Esophagitis; Female; Gastrins; Hum | 2008 |
A relapse case of acute necrotizing esophagitis.
Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Acute Disease; Aged; Biopsy; Esophagitis; Esophagoscopy; Es | 2007 |