quetiapine-fumarate and Acute-Kidney-Injury

To investigate the association between acute kidney injury (AKI) and use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) in older adults.. In a population-based cohort study using Danish national registries, new users of SGAs (aged ≥ 65) were identified during 2005-2015. Each SGA user was matched to 10 population controls on age, sex, and the SGA initiation date. The outcome was incident AKI within 90 days after the index date. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders.. In the study, 36,581 new SGA users and 365,810 controls were included. The 90-day incidence rate of AKI was 4.38 and 1.70 per 1000 person-years among SGA users and controls, respectively, corresponding to a crude HR of 2.57 (1.79-3.68). The fully adjusted HR (aHR) was 1.43 (0.89-2.27) for all SGAs. The risk differed among individual drugs with aHRs for olanzapine 3.50 (1.20-10.23), quetiapine 1.62 (0.81-3.26), and risperidone 0.68 (0.28-1.64). In sensitivity analyses, the aHR declined to 1.24 (0.95-1.61) at 1-year follow-up.. Olanzapine use was associated with a significantly increased 90-day AKI risk. For quetiapine, the risk was elevated but not significant, and risperidone had no association. CIs were wide and confounder adjustment largely impacted the estimates. Main limitations included residual confounding and incomplete recording of AKI diagnoses.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cohort Studies; Denmark; Hospitals; Humans; Incidence; Olanzapine; Quetiapine Fumarate; Risperidone

Topics: Acute Disease; Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Brachial Plexus Neuropathies; Compartment Syndromes; Creatine Kinase; Deltoid Muscle; Fasciotomy; Humans; Male; Myositis; Pectoralis Muscles; Quetiapine Fumarate; Rhabdomyolysis; Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome

A 73-year-old man, with congestive heart failure due to combined valvar disease, underwent curative surgery. Although the surgery was successful, his clinical course was eventful because of pulmonary complications, and he began to deteriorate mentally. Quetiapine was prescribed, which appeared to effectively settle his mental status. Following the administration of quetiapine, however, he developed acute kidney injury (AKI) that required continuous hemodiafiltration. Subsequent to discontinuation of quetiapine, his renal function gradually improved. Atypical antipsychotic drugs, including quetiapine, are frequently used to treat delirium in elderly patients in the intensive-care setting. This case highlights a potential risk of quetiapine-related AKI.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Hemodiafiltration; Humans; Male; Quetiapine Fumarate

A recently published analysis of population-based claims data from Ontario, Canada reported higher risks of acute kidney injury (AKI) and related outcomes among older adults who were new users of atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) compared with unexposed patients. In light of these findings, the objective of the current study was to further investigate the risks of AKI and related outcomes among older adults receiving AAPs.. A replication of the previously published analysis was performed using the US Truven MarketScan Medicare Supplemental database (MDCR) among patients aged 65 years and older. Compared with non-users of AAPs, the study compared the risk of AKI and related outcomes with users of AAPs (quetiapine, risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole, or paliperidone) using a 1-to-1 propensity score matched analysis. In addition, we performed adapted analyses that: (1) included all covariates used to fit propensity score models in outcome models; and (2) required patients to have a diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depression and a healthcare visit within 90 days prior to the index date.. AKI effect estimates [as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)] were significantly elevated in our MDCR replication analyses (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.32-1.60); however, in adapted analyses, associations were not significant (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.78-1.07)). In analyses of AKI and related outcomes, results were mostly consistent between the previously published and the MDCR replication analyses. The primary change that attenuated associations in adapted analyses was the requirement for patients to have a mental health condition and a healthcare visit prior to the index date.. The MDCR analysis yielded similar results when the methodology of the previously published analysis was replicated, but, in adapted analyses, we did not find significantly higher risks of AKI and related outcomes. The contrast of results between our replication and adapted analyses may be due to the analytic approach used to compare patients (and potential confounding by indication). Further research is warranted to evaluate these associations, while also examining methods to account for differences in older adults who do and do not use these medications.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Male; Olanzapine; Quetiapine Fumarate; Risperidone; Schizophrenia

Several adverse outcomes attributed to atypical antipsychotic drugs, specifically quetiapine, risperidone, and olanzapine, are known to cause acute kidney injury (AKI). Such outcomes include hypotension, acute urinary retention, and the neuroleptic malignant syndrome or rhabdomyolysis.. To investigate the risk for AKI and other adverse outcomes associated with use of atypical antipsychotic drugs versus nonuse.. Population-based cohort study.. Ontario, Canada, from 2003 to 2012.. Adults aged 65 years or older who received a new outpatient prescription for an oral atypical antipsychotic drug (n=97,777) matched 1:1 with those who did not receive such a prescription.. The primary outcome was hospitalization with AKI (assessed by using a hospital diagnosis code and, in a subpopulation, serum creatinine levels) within 90 days of prescription for atypical antipsychotic drugs.. Atypical antipsychotic drug use versus nonuse was associated with a higher risk for hospitalization with AKI (relative risk [RR], 1.73 [95% CI, 1.55 to 1.92]). This association was consistent when AKI was assessed in a subpopulation for which information on serum creatinine levels was available (5.46% vs. 3.34%; RR, 1.70 [CI, 1.22 to 2.38]; absolute risk increase, 2.12% [CI, 0.80% to 3.43%]). Drug use was also associated with hypotension (RR, 1.91 [CI, 1.60 to 2.28]), acute urinary retention (RR, 1.98 [CI, 1.63 to 2.40]), and all-cause mortality (RR, 2.39 [CI, 2.28 to 2.50]).. Only older adults were included in the study.. Atypical antipsychotic drug use is associated with an increased risk for AKI and other adverse outcomes that may explain the observed association with AKI. The findings support current safety concerns about the use of these drugs in older adults.. Academic Medical Organization of Southwestern Ontario.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cause of Death; Creatinine; Dibenzothiazepines; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Olanzapine; Ontario; Quetiapine Fumarate; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Risperidone; Urinary Retention