pyruvic acid has been researched along with Innate Inflammatory Response in 29 studies
Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Striatal injection of quinolinic acid (QUIN) resulted in marked inflammation characterized by microgliosis, astrogliosis and enhanced expressions of pro-inflammatory enzymes inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2." | 7.73 | Combined minocycline plus pyruvate treatment enhances effects of each agent to inhibit inflammation, oxidative damage, and neuronal loss in an excitotoxic animal model of Huntington's disease. ( Choi, HB; McLarnon, JG; Ryu, JK, 2006) |
| "Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has been shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent." | 5.32 | Ethyl pyruvate provides durable protection against inflammation-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction. ( Delude, RL; Fink, ME; Fink, MP; Sappington, PL; Yang, R, 2003) |
| "Middle-age mice with pre-existing diet-induced obesity were provided with low concentration β-mercaptoethanol (BME) in drinking water for six months." | 3.80 | Effects of thiol antioxidant β-mercaptoethanol on diet-induced obese mice. ( Corkey, BE; Guo, W; Hamilton, JA; Kirkland, JL; Schwanz, HA; Simmons, AL; Wong, S, 2014) |
| " Striatal injection of quinolinic acid (QUIN) resulted in marked inflammation characterized by microgliosis, astrogliosis and enhanced expressions of pro-inflammatory enzymes inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2." | 3.73 | Combined minocycline plus pyruvate treatment enhances effects of each agent to inhibit inflammation, oxidative damage, and neuronal loss in an excitotoxic animal model of Huntington's disease. ( Choi, HB; McLarnon, JG; Ryu, JK, 2006) |
| "Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are both diseases of insulin insufficiency, although they develop by distinct pathways." | 2.42 | Understanding of basic mechanisms of beta-cell function and survival: prelude to new diabetes therapies. ( Burgess, S; Chen, G; Hohmeier, HE; Jensen, MV; Lu, D; Newgard, CB; Sherry, AD; Tran, VV, 2004) |
| "Anastomotic leakage is a common complication following large abdominal surgery, often developing to life-threatening abdominal sepsis due to late diagnosis." | 1.62 | Intraperitoneal microdialysis detects intestinal leakage earlier than hemodynamic surveillance and systemic inflammation in a pig model. ( Barratt-Due, A; Haugaa, H; Hødnebø, S; Kvernebo, K; Pischke, SE; Tønnessen, TI; Wester, T, 2021) |
| "Inflammation is involved in many disease processes." | 1.56 | Lactate Production Precedes Inflammatory Cell Recruitment in Arthritic Ankles: an Imaging Study. ( Beziere, N; Bouzin, C; Comment, A; Daniels, R; Fuchs, K; Kneilling, M; Neveu, MA; Pichler, BJ; Schmid, AM; Schwenck, J, 2020) |
| "Sepsis is the leading cause of death in hospitalized patients and beyond the hospital stay and these long-term sequelae are due in part to unresolved inflammation." | 1.56 | Dichloroacetate-induced metabolic reprogramming improves lifespan in a Drosophila model of surviving sepsis. ( Angus, DC; Bakalov, V; Chang, CH; Deshpande, R; Kaynar, AM; Le Moyec, L; Maloy, AL; Reyes-Uribe, L; Shapiro, SD; Wendell, SG, 2020) |
| "Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells Huh7 and alveolar epithelial cells A549 were stimulated with either interleukin (IL) IL-1β (1 ng/ml, 24 h) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (10 ng/ml, 4 h), and then treated with EtP (2." | 1.43 | Ethanol, ethyl and sodium pyruvate decrease the inflammatory responses of human lung epithelial cells via Akt and NF-κB in vitro but have a low impact on hepatocellular cells. ( Juengel, E; Marzi, I; Mörs, K; Omid, N; Perl, M; Relja, B; Wagner, N; Werner, I, 2016) |
| "Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has been shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent." | 1.32 | Ethyl pyruvate provides durable protection against inflammation-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction. ( Delude, RL; Fink, ME; Fink, MP; Sappington, PL; Yang, R, 2003) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3 (10.34) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 15 (51.72) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 11 (37.93) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Lindholm, E | 1 |
| Bergmann, GB | 1 |
| Haugaa, H | 2 |
| Labori, KJ | 1 |
| Yaqub, S | 1 |
| Bjørnbeth, BA | 1 |
| Line, PD | 1 |
| Grindheim, G | 1 |
| Kjøsen, G | 1 |
| Pischke, SE | 2 |
| Tønnessen, TI | 2 |
| Wang, K | 1 |
| Guo, Y | 1 |
| Liu, Y | 1 |
| Cui, X | 1 |
| Gu, X | 1 |
| Li, L | 1 |
| Li, Y | 2 |
| Li, M | 1 |
| Liu, M | 1 |
| Yu, W | 1 |
| Fang, Y | 1 |
| Zhou, H | 1 |
| Liang, Y | 1 |
| Huang, C | 1 |
| Liu, H | 1 |
| Zhao, G | 1 |
| Ma, K | 1 |
| Wang, X | 1 |
| Shi, X | 1 |
| Lin, X | 1 |
| Xiao, F | 1 |
| Ma, X | 1 |
| Liu, D | 1 |
| Lu, L | 1 |
| Palmieri, EM | 1 |
| Gonzalez-Cotto, M | 1 |
| Baseler, WA | 1 |
| Davies, LC | 1 |
| Ghesquière, B | 1 |
| Maio, N | 1 |
| Rice, CM | 1 |
| Rouault, TA | 1 |
| Cassel, T | 1 |
| Higashi, RM | 1 |
| Lane, AN | 1 |
| Fan, TW | 1 |
| Wink, DA | 1 |
| McVicar, DW | 1 |
| Ramstead, AG | 1 |
| Wallace, JA | 1 |
| Lee, SH | 1 |
| Bauer, KM | 1 |
| Tang, WW | 1 |
| Ekiz, HA | 1 |
| Lane, TE | 1 |
| Cluntun, AA | 1 |
| Bettini, ML | 1 |
| Round, JL | 1 |
| Rutter, J | 1 |
| O'Connell, RM | 1 |
| Neveu, MA | 1 |
| Beziere, N | 1 |
| Daniels, R | 1 |
| Bouzin, C | 1 |
| Comment, A | 1 |
| Schwenck, J | 1 |
| Fuchs, K | 1 |
| Kneilling, M | 1 |
| Pichler, BJ | 1 |
| Schmid, AM | 1 |
| Abusalamah, H | 1 |
| Reel, JM | 1 |
| Lupfer, CR | 1 |
| Bakalov, V | 1 |
| Reyes-Uribe, L | 1 |
| Deshpande, R | 1 |
| Maloy, AL | 1 |
| Shapiro, SD | 1 |
| Angus, DC | 1 |
| Chang, CH | 1 |
| Le Moyec, L | 1 |
| Wendell, SG | 1 |
| Kaynar, AM | 1 |
| Hødnebø, S | 1 |
| Wester, T | 1 |
| Kvernebo, K | 1 |
| Barratt-Due, A | 1 |
| Crovesy, L | 1 |
| El-Bacha, T | 1 |
| Rosado, EL | 1 |
| Shen, Y | 1 |
| Wen, Z | 1 |
| Matteson, EL | 1 |
| Hong, J | 1 |
| Goronzy, JJ | 1 |
| Weyand, CM | 1 |
| Li, J | 2 |
| Diao, B | 1 |
| Guo, S | 1 |
| Huang, X | 1 |
| Yang, C | 1 |
| Feng, Z | 1 |
| Yan, W | 1 |
| Ning, Q | 1 |
| Zheng, L | 1 |
| Chen, Y | 1 |
| Wu, Y | 1 |
| Wang, F | 1 |
| Zhang, S | 1 |
| Jeon, R | 1 |
| Vuckovic, I | 1 |
| Jiang, X | 1 |
| Lerman, A | 1 |
| Folmes, CD | 1 |
| Dzeja, PD | 1 |
| Herrmann, J | 1 |
| Wang, T | 1 |
| Yao, W | 1 |
| He, Q | 1 |
| Shao, Y | 1 |
| Huang, F | 1 |
| Sriram, R | 1 |
| Nguyen, J | 1 |
| Santos, JD | 1 |
| Nguyen, L | 1 |
| Sun, J | 2 |
| Vigneron, S | 1 |
| Van Criekinge, M | 1 |
| Kurhanewicz, J | 1 |
| MacKenzie, JD | 1 |
| Effenberger-Neidnicht, K | 1 |
| Brauckmann, S | 1 |
| Jägers, J | 1 |
| Patyk, V | 1 |
| Waack, IN | 1 |
| Kirsch, M | 1 |
| Wong, S | 1 |
| Kirkland, JL | 1 |
| Schwanz, HA | 1 |
| Simmons, AL | 1 |
| Hamilton, JA | 1 |
| Corkey, BE | 1 |
| Guo, W | 1 |
| Shaghaghi, H | 1 |
| Kadlecek, S | 1 |
| Deshpande, C | 1 |
| Siddiqui, S | 1 |
| Martinez, D | 1 |
| Pourfathi, M | 2 |
| Hamedani, H | 2 |
| Ishii, M | 1 |
| Profka, H | 2 |
| Rizi, R | 1 |
| Motta, K | 1 |
| Barbosa, AM | 1 |
| Bobinski, F | 1 |
| Boschero, AC | 1 |
| Rafacho, A | 1 |
| Giampazolias, E | 1 |
| Tait, SW | 1 |
| Relja, B | 1 |
| Omid, N | 1 |
| Wagner, N | 1 |
| Mörs, K | 1 |
| Werner, I | 1 |
| Juengel, E | 1 |
| Perl, M | 1 |
| Marzi, I | 1 |
| Meiser, J | 1 |
| Krämer, L | 1 |
| Sapcariu, SC | 1 |
| Battello, N | 1 |
| Ghelfi, J | 1 |
| D'Herouel, AF | 1 |
| Skupin, A | 1 |
| Hiller, K | 1 |
| Ghosh, A | 1 |
| Tyson, T | 1 |
| George, S | 1 |
| Hildebrandt, EN | 1 |
| Steiner, JA | 1 |
| Madaj, Z | 1 |
| Schulz, E | 1 |
| Machiela, E | 1 |
| McDonald, WG | 1 |
| Escobar Galvis, ML | 1 |
| Kordower, JH | 1 |
| Van Raamsdonk, JM | 1 |
| Colca, JR | 1 |
| Brundin, P | 1 |
| Xin, Y | 1 |
| Kadlecek, SJ | 1 |
| Cereda, MF | 1 |
| Siddiqui, SM | 1 |
| Ruppert, K | 1 |
| Drachman, NA | 1 |
| Rajaei, JN | 1 |
| Rizi, RR | 1 |
| Flaherty, DC | 1 |
| Hoxha, B | 1 |
| Gurji, H | 1 |
| Simecka, JW | 1 |
| Mallet, RT | 1 |
| Olivencia-Yurvati, AH | 1 |
| Sappington, PL | 1 |
| Fink, ME | 1 |
| Yang, R | 1 |
| Delude, RL | 1 |
| Fink, MP | 1 |
| Newgard, CB | 1 |
| Hohmeier, HE | 1 |
| Lu, D | 1 |
| Jensen, MV | 1 |
| Tran, VV | 1 |
| Chen, G | 1 |
| Burgess, S | 1 |
| Sherry, AD | 1 |
| Ryu, JK | 1 |
| Choi, HB | 1 |
| McLarnon, JG | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early Detection of Anastomotic Leakage by Microdialysis Catheters: An Observational Study on Pancreaticoduodenectomy[NCT03627559] | 35 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2013-10-01 | Completed | |||
| Two Week Sub-chronic Double-blinded Placebo Controlled Trial Designed to Determine if Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray Will Reduce the Symptoms, Duration and Replication of COVID-19 Infection[NCT04824365] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 30 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-04-12 | Completed | ||
| Preliminary Examination of the Effects of Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray (N115) on Symptoms Associated With COVID19 Long Haulers.[NCT04871815] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 22 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-04-27 | Completed | ||
| Influence of Probiotic and Symbiotic in Body Weight, Blood Sugar and Lipemia of Obese Women[NCT02505854] | 32 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-07-31 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Patients self reported the symptom in a patient log daily for 14 days. A Likert scale from 0-10 was used to rank the symptom severity, with 10 representing the most severe symptoms. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Daily from Day 1-14
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 5.13 | 5.13 | 4.88 | 4.75 | 4.25 | 4 | 3.5 | 3.25 | 3.125 | 3 | 2.375 | 2 | 1.75 | 1.63 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5 | 5 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3 |
Patients self reported the symptom in a patient log daily for 14 days. A Likert scale from 0-10 was used to rank the symptom severity, with 10 representing the most severe symptoms. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Daily from day 1-14.
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 3.75 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 3.13 | 2.75 | 2.63 | 2.25 | 1.75 | 1.38 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.38 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 5 | 5.25 | 5.25 | 4.38 | 4.50 | 4.00 | 4.13 | 4.25 | 3.88 | 3.63 | 3.13 | 2.88 | 2.38 | 2.38 |
Patients self reported the symptom in a patient log daily for 14 days. A Likert scale from 0-10 was used to rank the symptom severity, with 10 representing the most severe symptoms. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Daily from day 1-14.
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 5.00 | 5.00 | 4.90 | 4.60 | 4.10 | 4.30 | 3.70 | 2.80 | 2.60 | 2.20 | 1.60 | 1.50 | 0.60 | 0.60 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 5.00 | 5.00 | 4.75 | 4.50 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 3.25 | 4.31 | 3.00 | 2.88 | 2.13 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 1.25 |
Patients self reported the symptom in a patient log daily for 14 days. A Likert scale from 0-10 was used to rank the symptom severity, with 10 representing the most severe symptoms. The symptoms of both coughing and sneezing were assessed on the same Likert scale for this Outcome Measure. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Daily from day 1-14.
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 4.45 | 4.45 | 4.18 | 4.18 | 3.64 | 3.64 | 3.55 | 2.82 | 2.73 | 2.36 | 2.09 | 1.64 | 1.45 | 1.18 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 3.90 | 3.70 | 3.50 | 3.40 | 3.20 | 3.10 | 2.80 | 2.70 | 2.40 | 190 | 1.40 | 1.40 | 1.10 | 1.10 |
Patients self reported the symptom in a patient log daily for 14 days. A Likert scale from 0-10 was used to rank the symptom severity, with 10 representing the most severe symptoms. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Daily from day 1-14.
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 7.50 | 7.50 | 7.25 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 6.50 | 6.50 | 6.50 | 4.50 | 4.25 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 2.50 | 2.25 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 6.43 | 6.43 | 6.00 | 4.86 | 4.57 | 4.71 | 4.57 | 4.29 | 3.43 | 3.29 | 2.57 | 2.00 | 1.57 | 1.57 |
To evaluate the ability of the N115 nasal spray to improve fever in COVID19 patients oral measurement of body temperature was assessed every morning and every evening for 14 days. Reported values are the average daily body temperature. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Twice daily (morning and evening) from Day 1-14
| Intervention | Degrees Fahrenheit (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 99.82 | 100.18 | 99.51 | 99.8 | 99.43 | 99.37 | 98.97 | 99.3 | 99.17 | 99.21 | 99.22 | 99.05 | 98.84 | 98.91 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 99.72 | 100.47 | 100.12 | 100.09 | 100.05 | 99.8 | 99.47 | 99.56 | 99.39 | 99.4 | 99.53 | 99.24 | 99.17 | 99.18 |
Patients self reported the symptom in a patient log daily for 14 days. A Likert scale from 0-10 was used to rank the symptom severity, with 10 representing the most severe symptoms. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Daily form day 1-14.
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 3.14 | 3.14 | 2.86 | 2.71 | 2.29 | 2.14 | 2.00 | 1.86 | 1.57 | 1.29 | 1.14 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 4.25 | 4.25 | 4.75 | 4.25 | 4.25 | 3.75 | 3.75 | 3.75 | 3.50 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 2.75 | 2.75 | 2.0 |
Percent SaO2 was measured every other day by clinic staff. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Day 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14
| Intervention | % Blood oxygen saturation (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 0 | Day 2 | Day 4 | Day 6 | Day 8 | Day 10 | Day 12 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 95.4 | 95.73 | 95.8 | 96.43 | 96.71 | 97.21 | 97.5 | 97.57 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 95.73 | 95.6 | 95.67 | 96.07 | 96.93 | 97.33 | 97.53 | 97.8 |
Patients self reported the symptom in a patient log daily for 14 days. A Likert scale from 0-10 was used to rank the symptom severity, with 10 representing the most severe symptoms. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Daily from day 1-14.
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 4.71 | 4.71 | 4.57 | 4.57 | 4.0 | 3.86 | 3.71 | 3.00 | 2.86 | 2.57 | 2.14 | 1.71 | 1.57 | 1.29 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 4.71 | 4.71 | 4.57 | 4.29 | 4.14 | 4.29 | 4.14 | 3.29 | 2.86 | 2.29 | 2.00 | 1.57 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
Patients self reported the symptom in a patient log daily for 14 days. A Likert scale from 0-10 was used to rank the symptom severity, with 10 representing the most severe symptoms. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Daily from day 1-14
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | Day 8 | Day 9 | Day 10 | Day 11 | Day 12 | Day 13 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 5.18 | 5.18 | 4.91 | 4.27 | 4.00 | 4.18 | 3.55 | 3.00 | 2.55 | 2.00 | 1.64 | 0.91 | 0.36 | 0.27 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 5.08 | 5.25 | 5.00 | 4.42 | 4.17 | 3.75 | 3.67 | 3.67 | 2.92 | 2.58 | 2.17 | 1.50 | 1.25 | 0.92 |
RT-PCR was used to assess viral titers from nasal swabs from COVID19 patients. Swabs were collected and tested every 2 days for 14 days. (NCT04824365)
Timeframe: Day 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14
| Intervention | Log10 viral RNA copies (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 0 | Day 2 | Day 4 | Day 6 | Day 8 | Day 10 | Day 12 | Day 14 | |
| Placebo Control Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients | 6.57 | 5.86 | 5.18 | 4.55 | 4.11 | 3.71 | 3.35 | 2.78 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Patients With a Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 5.61 | 4.67 | 4.27 | 3.88 | 3.48 | 3.18 | 2.96 | 2.34 |
Body temperature will be measured twice daily by thermometer in degrees Fahrenheit. Average body temperature for the first 7 days (days 1-7) was used as a baseline with no treatment and was compared to the average body temperature for the next 7 days (days 8-14) with 20mM sodium pyruvate treatment. (NCT04871815)
Timeframe: 14 days
| Intervention | Degrees Fahrenheit (Mean) |
|---|---|
| COVID19 Long Haulers, Treatment With Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 98.41 |
| COVID-19 Long Haulers, No Treatment (Baseline) | 98.67 |
Blood oxygenation will be measured as %O2 saturation. (NCT04871815)
Timeframe: Day 1 (1st day Baseline), Day 8 (8th day Baseline), Day 8 (1st day Post-treatment) and Day 14 (7th day post-treatment)
| Intervention | % Blood oxygen saturation (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Initial reading (day 1 baseline and day 8 treatment) | Second reading (day 8 baseline and day 14 treatment) | |
| COVID-19 Long Haulers, No Treatment (Baseline) | 95.95 | 96.09 |
| COVID-19 Long Haulers, Treatment With Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 96.59 | 97.59 |
Patient heart rate will be measured as beats per minute. (NCT04871815)
Timeframe: Day 1 (1st day Baseline), Day 8 (8th day Baseline), Day 8 (1st day Post-treatment) and Day 14 (7th day post-treatment)
| Intervention | Beats/minute (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Initial reading (day 1 baseline and day 8 treatment) | Second reading (day 8 baseline and day 14 treatment) | |
| COVID19 Long Haulers, No Treatment (Baseline) | 81.10 | 81.14 |
| COVID19 Long Haulers, Treatment With 20mM Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 80.38 | 79.90 |
A patient log was used to measure body ache, headache, chills, coughing/sneezing, sore throat, congestion, trouble breathing and other (patient supplied). The patients used a Likert scale from 0 to 10 to assess symptoms with 10 representing the most severe symptom and zero no symptom. The score for each individual symptom was combined into one overall symptom score for the 7 days of baseline (days 1-7) and a separate score for the 7 days of treatment (days 8-14). Therefore, a maximum 7-day score was 70 and a minimum of 0 was possible. (NCT04871815)
Timeframe: 14 days
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Aches | Headaches | Coughing/Sneezing | Sore Throat | Trouble Breathing | Congestion | Fatigue | Loss of Smell/Taste | Anxiety | |
| Long COVID-19, No Treatment (Baseline) | 27 | 22.43 | 28.36 | 3 | 27.75 | 28.25 | 33 | 42 | 28 |
| Long COVID-19, Treatment With 20mM Sodium Pyruvate Nasal Spray | 20.33 | 15.71 | 16.09 | 9 | 11.88 | 14.75 | 20.67 | 23.25 | 24 |
2 reviews available for pyruvic acid and Innate Inflammatory Response
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Mitochondria and the hallmarks of cancer.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Death; Energy Metabolism; Gene Expression Regulatio | 2016 |
Understanding of basic mechanisms of beta-cell function and survival: prelude to new diabetes therapies.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glucose; Hu | 2004 |
1 trial available for pyruvic acid and Innate Inflammatory Response
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Modulation of the gut microbiota by probiotics and symbiotics is associated with changes in serum metabolite profile related to a decrease in inflammation and overall benefits to metabolic health: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial in wom
Topics: Adult; Amino Acids; Bifidobacterium animalis; Citric Acid; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gastrointest | 2021 |
26 other studies available for pyruvic acid and Innate Inflammatory Response
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Early detection of anastomotic leakage after pancreatoduodenectomy with microdialysis catheters: an observational Study.
Topics: Aged; Anastomotic Leak; Catheters; Glucose; Glycerol; Humans; Inflammation; Lactic Acid; Microdialys | 2022 |
Pyruvate: Ferredoxin oxidoreductase is involved in IgA-related microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation.
Topics: Animals; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dysbiosis; Ferredoxins; Immunoglobulin A; Inflammation; Leukocytes, Mo | 2022 |
Pyruvate and lactate based hydrogel film inhibits UV radiation-induced skin inflammation and oxidative stress.
Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Humans; Hydrogels; Inflammation; Lactic Acid; Oxidative Stress; Pyruvic Acid | 2023 |
The expanding functional diversity of plasma cells in immunity and inflammation.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmune Diseases; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Immunity; Inflammation; Mice; Models, Biolog | 2020 |
Nitric oxide orchestrates metabolic rewiring in M1 macrophages by targeting aconitase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase.
Topics: Aconitate Hydratase; Animals; Citric Acid; Citric Acid Cycle; Electron Transport Chain Complex Prote | 2020 |
Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1 Promotes Peripheral T Cell Homeostasis through Metabolic Regulation of Thymic Development.
Topics: Animals; Anion Transport Proteins; Gene Deletion; Glycolysis; Hematopoiesis; Homeostasis; Humans; In | 2020 |
Lactate Production Precedes Inflammatory Cell Recruitment in Arthritic Ankles: an Imaging Study.
Topics: Animals; Ankle; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Carbon Isotopes; Female; Fluorine; Inflammation; Joints; Lact | 2020 |
Pyruvate affects inflammatory responses of macrophages during influenza A virus infection.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Gene Expression; Immunity, Innate | 2020 |
Pyruvate affects inflammatory responses of macrophages during influenza A virus infection.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Gene Expression; Immunity, Innate | 2020 |
Pyruvate affects inflammatory responses of macrophages during influenza A virus infection.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Gene Expression; Immunity, Innate | 2020 |
Pyruvate affects inflammatory responses of macrophages during influenza A virus infection.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media; Gene Expression; Immunity, Innate | 2020 |
Dichloroacetate-induced metabolic reprogramming improves lifespan in a Drosophila model of surviving sepsis.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Dichloroacetic Acid; Drosophila melanogaster; Glycoly | 2020 |
Intraperitoneal microdialysis detects intestinal leakage earlier than hemodynamic surveillance and systemic inflammation in a pig model.
Topics: Anastomotic Leak; Animals; Hemodynamics; Inflammation; Microdialysis; Pyruvic Acid; Swine | 2021 |
Metabolic control of the scaffold protein TKS5 in tissue-invasive, proinflammatory T cells.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; Adenosine Triphosphate; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Arthritis, Rheu | 2017 |
VSIG4 inhibits proinflammatory macrophage activation by reprogramming mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism.
Topics: Animals; Coronavirus Infections; Diet, High-Fat; HEK293 Cells; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal; Humans; Inf | 2017 |
Interferon Gamma Induces Reversible Metabolic Reprogramming of M1 Macrophages to Sustain Cell Viability and Pro-Inflammatory Activity.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Survival; Chemokines; Citric Acid Cycle; | 2018 |
Acetyl-CoA from inflammation-induced fatty acids oxidation promotes hepatic malate-aspartate shuttle activity and glycolysis.
Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Acetylation; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferase, Mitochondrial; Aspartic Acid; C | 2018 |
Molecular detection of inflammation in cell models using hyperpolarized
Topics: Animals; Biotransformation; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Line; Glycolysis; Immunologic Factors; Inflammatio | 2018 |
Protective Effects of Sodium Pyruvate during Systemic Inflammation Limited to the Correction of Metabolic Acidosis.
Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Pressure; Endotoxemia; Inflammation; Lipopolysacch | 2019 |
Effects of thiol antioxidant β-mercaptoethanol on diet-induced obese mice.
Topics: Adipokines; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Antioxidants; Body Composition; C-Reactive Protein; Diet, High- | 2014 |
Metabolic spectroscopy of inflammation in a bleomycin-induced lung injury model using hyperpolarized 1-(13) C pyruvate.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Bleomycin; Carbon Isotopes; Disease Models, Animal; Inflammation; Lac | 2014 |
JNK and IKKβ phosphorylation is reduced by glucocorticoids in adipose tissue from insulin-resistant rats.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Body Weight; Cytokines; Dexamethasone; Epididymis; Glucocorticoids; Glycoge | 2015 |
Ethanol, ethyl and sodium pyruvate decrease the inflammatory responses of human lung epithelial cells via Akt and NF-κB in vitro but have a low impact on hepatocellular cells.
Topics: bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Line, Tumor; Epithelial Cells; Ethanol; | 2016 |
Pro-inflammatory Macrophages Sustain Pyruvate Oxidation through Pyruvate Dehydrogenase for the Synthesis of Itaconate and to Enable Cytokine Expression.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Gene Expression Regulation; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Inflammat | 2016 |
Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier regulates autophagy, inflammation, and neurodegeneration in experimental models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Autophagy; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Caenorhab | 2016 |
In vivo imaging of the progression of acute lung injury using hyperpolarized [1-
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Disease Progression; Hydrochloric Acid; Image Processin | 2017 |
Pyruvate-fortified fluid resuscitation improves hemodynamic stability while suppressing systemic inflammation and myocardial oxidative stress after hemorrhagic shock.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Fluid Therapy; Goats; Hemodynamics; Inflammation | 2010 |
Ethyl pyruvate provides durable protection against inflammation-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Caco-2 Cells; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytokines; Down-Regulation; Epithelia | 2003 |
Combined minocycline plus pyruvate treatment enhances effects of each agent to inhibit inflammation, oxidative damage, and neuronal loss in an excitotoxic animal model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Western; Cell Death; Cyclooxygenase 2; Disease Models, Anim | 2006 |