pyrophosphate and Carcinoma--Squamous-Cell

The observation by Subramanian and his co-workers that a 99mTc-labeled polyphosphate had excellent affinity for bone has led to widespread use of 99mTc-labeled phosphates as bone scanning agents. Initially, only polyphosphate was employed, but because of somewhat inconstant results and difficulty in preparation of this product, other phosphate compounds were sought. We soon discovered that an inorganic compound, pyrophosphate, appeared to have certain advantages over polyphosphate. Other workers formulated diphosphonates (organic phosphates) which also demonstrated advantages over polyphosphates. Comparison studies in rabbits utilizing 85Sr, 87mSr, 18F, and several phosphates (inorganic and organic) proved the 99mTc-labeled phosphates to be clearly superior in delineating normal skeletal anatomy. Studies in humans confirmed that excellent visualization of bone was obtained with 99mTc-labeled phosphates using either a gamma camera or a rectilinear scanner. What was not known, however, was just how reliable this class of agents would prove to be in detecting bone disease when compared to bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals such as 85Sr, 87mSr, and 18F. Further comparative analyses have clearly demonstrated that both inorganic and organic 99mTc phosphate complexes are extremely sensitive in revealing more bone disease than the older bone scanning agents.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Colonic Neoplasms; Diphosphates; Female; Fluorine; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Phosphates; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rabbits; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Strontium Radioisotopes; Technetium

Fifty seven patients with histologically proven cyst-like lesions of the mandible are reviewed. The importance of combining radiographic with scintigraphic imaging is stressed. These two imaging modalities are complementary in demonstrating both the biological activity and the extent of the lesion. In osteomyelitis the bone scan, which is more sensitive than the radiograph, is also the method of choice in assessing the result of treatment.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ameloblastoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dentigerous Cyst; Diphosphates; Humans; Jaw Cysts; Mandibular Diseases; Mandibular Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Osteosarcoma; Radicular Cyst; Radiography; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium; Technetium Tc 99m Pyrophosphate

Paralleled clinical studies of radioisotopic imaging or tumor metastases in the bone were undertaken with Tc99m pyrophosphate, Ga67 citrate, and Tc99m sulfur colloid. All three were capable of anticipating the bone roentgenograms. A critical analysis suggested that positive delineation with Ga67 citrate would sometimes be superior to the others. This deserves further investigation. Clinically the combined use of Tc99m pyrophosphate with Ga67 for the chest areas and extremties or with Tc99m colloid for the pelvic and abdominal areas would be more frutiful in early detection and exact localization of bone metastases.

Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Citrates; Colloids; Diagnosis, Differential; Diphosphates; Esophageal Neoplasms; Humans; Leiomyosarcoma; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Radionuclide Imaging; Technetium

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diphosphates; Environmental Exposure; Female; Hematoma; Hexachlorocyclohexane; Humans; Insecticides; Keratosis; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases; Papilloma; Phosphates