pyrimidinones and Lymphoma--Non-Hodgkin

Increased glycolytic activity with accumulation of extracellular lactate is regarded as a hallmark of cancer. In lymphomas, FDG-PET has undeniable diagnostic and prognostic value, corroborating that these tumours are avid for glucose. However, the role of glycolytic metabolism-related molecules in lymphoma is not well known. Here, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of a panel of glycolytic metabolism-related molecules in primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and to test in vitro the putative therapeutic impact of lactate transport inhibition.. We assessed, by immunohistochemistry, the expression of the metabolism-related molecules MCT1, MCT2, MCT4, CD147, GLUT1, LDHA and CAIX in both tumour and stroma compartments of tissue sections obtained from 104 NHL patients. In addition, the lymphoma-derived cell lines OZ and DOHH-2 were used to evaluate the effect of AZD3965 on their viability and on apoptosis induction, as well as on extracellular lactate accumulation.. We found that expression of MCT1 in the NHL tumour compartment was significantly associated with a poor clinicopathological profile. We also found that MCT4 and CAIX were present in the stromal compartment and correlated with an aggressive phenotype, while MCT1 was absent in this compartment. In addition, we found that AZD3965-mediated disruption of MCT1 activity led to inhibited NHL cell viability and extracellular lactate accumulation, while increasing apoptotic cell death.. Our results indicate that elevated glycolytic activity is associated with NHL aggressiveness, pointing at metabolic cooperation, mediated by MCT1 and MCT4, between tumour cells and their surrounding stroma. MCT1 may serve as a target to treat NHL (diffuse large B cell lymphoma) patients with high MCT1/low MCT4 expressing tumours. Further (pre-)clinical studies are required to allow the design of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at e.g. reprogramming the tumour microenvironment.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Female; Glycolysis; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters; Pyrimidinones; Symporters; Thiophenes; Young Adult

A new family of 4-aminopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines active against non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) is described. Among these compounds, 19 inhibits the most upstream tyrosine kinases in the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway which are involved in the mature B cell neoplasms. Thus, 19 showed antiproliferative activity at 24 h and 48 h against a panel of 20 NHLs cell lines with GI50 ranging from 1.3 to 6.9 μM at 24 h, and 1.4-7.2 μM at 48 h, being this effect related to a significant (20-90%) inhibition of the phosphorylation of the BCR-related kinases Btk, Syk, and Lyn. Most importantly, 19 was able to induce a 63% reduction in Rec-1 cell proliferation, which was significantly greater than the 31% and 3% blockade of proliferation observed after cell treatment with R406, a Syk inhibitor, and ibrutinib, a Btk inhibitor, respectively. The computational blind docking and ligand binding within the pockets of Btk, Syk and Lyn kinases showed that compound 19 presents the same kind of interactions of described cocrystallized inhibitors.

Topics: Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Structure; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Pyridines; Pyrimidinones; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Structure-Activity Relationship

Laser photoradiation therapy was tested in an in vitro model for its efficacy in the elimination of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. Results show that at 31.2 J/cm2 of laser light in the presence of 20 micrograms/mL of merocyanine 540 (MC540) there was greater than 5 log reduction in Burkitt's lymphoma (Daudi) cells. Similar tumor cell kill was obtained for leukemia (HL-60) cells at a laser light dose of 93.6 J/cm2. However, to obtain the same efficiency of killing for histiocytic lymphoma (U-937) cells, a higher dose of MC540 (25 micrograms/mL) was required. Clonogenic tumor stem cell colony formation was reduced by greater than 5 logs after laser photoradiation therapy. Under identical conditions for each cell line the percent survival for granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM, 45.9%, 40%, 17.5%), granulocyte/erythroid/macrophage/megakaryocyte (GEMM, 40.1%, 20.1%, 11.5%), colony-forming units (CFU-C, 16.2%, 9.1%, 1.8%), and erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E, 33.4%, 17.8%, 3.9%) was significantly higher than the tumor cells. Mixing of gamma ray-irradiated normal marrow cells with tumor cells (1:1 and 10:1 ratio) did not interfere with the elimination of tumor cells. The effect of highly purified recombinant interferon alpha (rIFN) on laser photoradiation therapy of tumor cells was also investigated. In the presence of rIFN (30 to 3,000 U/mL), the viability of leukemic cells was observed to increase from 0% to 1.5% with a concurrent decrease in membrane polarization, suggesting an increase in fluidity of cell membrane in response to rIFN. However, at higher doses of rIFN (6,000 to 12,000 U/mL) this phenomenon was not observed. The viability of lymphoma cells remained unaffected at all doses of rIFN tested. These results may have therapeutic relevance in patients undergoing interferon treatment who require bone marrow transplantation, as the complete elimination of tumor cells by marrow-purging procedures may be hampered by this increased survival in the presence of interferon.

Topics: Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Burkitt Lymphoma; Cell Line; Humans; Interferon Type I; Laser Therapy; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Pyrimidinones; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; Recombinant Proteins; Tumor Cells, Cultured