pyrantel-pamoate and Strongyloidiasis

This article discusses strongyloidiasis, hookworm infection, trichostrongyliasis, ascariasis, trichuriasis (whipworm infection), and enterobiasis (pinworm infection). For each infection, the author describes the organism, the epidemiology and geographic distribution, symptomatology and pathogenesis, and diagnosis and treatment.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Animals; Ascariasis; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Mebendazole; Nematode Infections; Oxyuriasis; Piperazines; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloides; Strongyloidiasis; Thiabendazole; Trichostrongylosis; Trichuriasis

A 63-year-old Taiwan aboriginal male was admitted with exertional dyspnea, appetite loss and general fatigue. Echocardiography revealed moderate pericardial effusion and histological examination of the pericardiocentesis sample revealed an eosinophil-dominated bloody exudate. The larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis were detected in the pericardial specimen. After treatment with anti-nematodal agents, the eosinophilia decreased from 26% to 1% and the patient's symptoms improved. This is a rare case of Strongyloides-induced bloody pericardial effusion in a non-immunosuppressed patient.

Topics: Animals; Anthelmintics; Drug Therapy, Combination; Echocardiography; Humans; Larva; Male; Mebendazole; Middle Aged; Pericardial Effusion; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloides stercoralis; Strongyloidiasis

A mixture of 150 mg mebendazole and 30mg pyrantel pamoate was given on 3 consecutive or near-consecutive days to 70 children infected with one or more of Necator americanus, Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercoralis, S. fuelleborni-like and Trichuris trichiura. This treatment had an efficacy of 95 per cent for N. americanus infections, 100 per cent for A. lumbricoides, 57 per cent for Strongyloides spp., and 75 per cent for T. trichiura. The results indicate that the treatment given is effective against the infections of N. americanus and A. lumbricoides but is only partially effective for Strongyloides and T. trichiura infections.

Topics: Ascariasis; Benzimidazoles; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infant; Mebendazole; Necatoriasis; Nematode Infections; Papua New Guinea; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloidiasis; Trichuriasis

The anthelminthic efficacy of pyrantel pamoate (Combantrin) in a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight was compared with that of thiabendazole (Mintezol) in two doses each of 25 mg/kg body weight in a controlled trial. Follow-up examination, 6 weeks after treatment with Combantrin gave cure rates of 93.8%, and 29.1% for infection with Ascaris and the Hookworm respectively, and 44.3% and 27.3% in those treated with Mintezol. The reduction in hookworm egg counts was higher in patients treated with Combantrin than with Mintezol, and Combantrin was better tolerated. Neither drug was effective against the Trichuris. The results are compared with those from other parts of the world.

Topics: Adolescent; Ascariasis; Child; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloidiasis; Thiabendazole; Trichuriasis

Pyrantel pamoate at dosage of 10 mg per kilogramme body weight was given to each villager at 4-6 weeks intervals for three times. The infection rates of hookworms among those who received and did not received the drug decreased from 60.5% pre-treatment to 19.6% after the third treatment and then increased to 32.4% one year after the third treatment. Infection rates of A. lumbricoides and Strongyloides spp. among the villagers who received and did not received the drug decreased from 27.5% pre-treatment to 2.2% after the third treatment and then increased to 20.1% one year later for the former, while the latter decreased from 6.5% pre-treatment to 2.3% after the third treatment and 0.4% one year later. The infection rate of T. trichiura was found to increase as pyrantel pamoate had no effect on this nematode. The authors suggested that to obtain more satisfactory results the anthelmintic drug used must likewise be effective against T. trichiura particularly in areas where this nematode is a public health problem. It was also suggested that the duration of treatment should be prolonged.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ascariasis; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Helminthiasis; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Soil Microbiology; Strongyloidiasis; Trichuriasis

Topics: Ancylostomiasis; Brazil; Ecology; Humans; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloidiasis; Thiabendazole

Topics: Ascariasis; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Nematode Infections; Oxyuriasis; Pyrantel Pamoate; Socioeconomic Factors; Strongyloidiasis; Trichuriasis; United States

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ancylostomiasis; Anthelmintics; Ascariasis; Child; Female; Fumarates; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Mebendazole; Nematode Infections; Netherlands; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloidiasis; Suriname; Thiabendazole; Trichuriasis

The efficacy of mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate was studied in two groups of 59 and 58 cases, respectively, of patients with polyparasitosis. Mebendazole had a cure rate of 96%, 82.2%, 71.4% and 66.6% in A. lumbricoides, hookworm, T. trichiura and S. stercoralis, respectively, while the corresponding figures for pyrantel pamoate were 92.6%, 85.7%, 19.4% and 0%. Pyrantel pamoate is considered to have no significant effect on T. trichiura and S. stercoralis. None of the drugs had any effect on T. saginata. Both drugs have been found to be equally effective against enterobiasis by various authors. It is recommended that pyrantel pamoate be the drug of choice in cases of multiple parasitic infections excluding T. trichiura and S. stercoralis whereas those with one or both of these in addition to others should be treated with mebendazole. Mebendazole can be prescribed for patients with clinical evidence of helminthic infections even where stool examination is not possible as it covers almost the whole range of common helminthic infections. The only limitation for poorer patients however is its cost. Pyrantel pamoate has a wider applicability for the poorer patients in spite of the fact that it is ineffective against trichurids and S. stercoralis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ascariasis; Benzimidazoles; Child; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Mebendazole; Middle Aged; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloidiasis

Topics: Amebicides; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antimalarials; Ascariasis; Benzenesulfonates; Cestode Infections; Echinococcosis; Entamoebiasis; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Malaria; Niclosamide; Niridazole; Oxyuriasis; Parasitic Diseases; Paromomycin; Pyrantel Pamoate; Schistosomiasis; Strongyloidiasis; Tartrates; Tetrachloroethylene; Tetracycline; Thiabendazole; Toxocariasis; Trichinellosis

Topics: Ascariasis; Child; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Mebendazole; Nematode Infections; Oxyuriasis; Piperazines; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloidiasis; Tetrachloroethylene; Thiabendazole; Trichinellosis; Trichuriasis

Topics: Adult; Africa, Western; Animals; Ascaridiasis; Cats; Dogs; Feces; Female; Helminthiasis; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Necator; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Rats; Schistosomiasis; Strongyloidiasis