pyrantel and Hookworm-Infections

Topics: Anthelmintics; Ascariasis; Cestode Infections; Helminthiasis; Hookworm Infections; Host-Parasite Interactions; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Levamisole; Mebendazole; Niclosamide; Paromomycin; Piperazines; Pyrantel; Pyrvinium Compounds; Quinacrine; Strongyloidiasis; Tetrachloroethylene; Thiabendazole; Trichuriasis

Topics: Anthelmintics; Ascariasis; Cestode Infections; Dichlorvos; Fascioliasis; Helminthiasis; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Hymenolepiasis; Imidazoles; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Niclosamide; Oxyuriasis; Paromomycin; Pyrantel; Strongyloidiasis; Tetramisole; Trichuriasis

Topics: Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Anthelmintics; Cat Diseases; Cats; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hookworm Infections; Macrolides; Praziquantel; Pyrantel; Single-Blind Method; Toxocara; Toxocariasis; Treatment Outcome

In a trial involving 185 school children, pyrantel pamoate (Combantrin) at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight for 1-3 days was found to be very effective against the Ascaris and moderately effective against the hookworm, with mean cure rates ranging from 93.3-96.7% and 53.3-73.3% respectively. No apparent action against the Trichuris was detected, a mean cure rate of between 34.2 and 46.1% being only slightly, but not significantly, better than the 33.8% cure for a placebo-treated control group. Single and multiple doses of the suspension and tablet formulations of the drug were well tolerated. From the series of randomized and controlled trials conducted, we recommend that, in this area, the appropriate dose of the drug to use for treating ascariasis is 10 mg/kg per day for 1 day, and for infections which include hookworm, 20 mg/kg per day for 3 days.

Topics: Adolescent; Ascariasis; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Trichuriasis

Topics: Adult; Benzimidazoles; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Mebendazole; Necatoriasis; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Tetrachloroethylene; Thailand

Fenbendazole (Hoe 881) 5-(phenylthio)-2-benzimidazolecarbaminicacidmethylester in doses of 1-0 g and 1-5 g per person were effective against Ascaris and gave substantial egg count reductions against hookworm (mainly Necator americanus). The 1-5 g dose gave good results against Trichuris. In a trial with a suspension of Hoe 881 with a high specific surface of 25 m2/g there was no advantage over tablets with a specific surface of approximately 8 m2/g. Two doses of 500 mg given with an interval of 24 hours were no more effective than one dose of 1-0 g. In a comparative trial using Hoe 881 1-5 g, Pyrantel 10 mg/kg and placebo respectively Hoe 881 showed equal potency against hookworms and Acsaris as Pyrantel and good effectiveness against Trichuris. Pyrantel showed only moderate activity against Trichuris in this trial.

Topics: Adolescent; Anthelmintics; Ascariasis; Benzimidazoles; Carbamates; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Pyrantel; Trichuriasis

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Necatoriasis; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Tablets

The clearance of hookworm (Necator americanus) ova by a single dose of tetrachlorethylene (T.C.E.) was compared with that produced by single and multiple dose regimes of bephenium hydroxynaphthoate and pyrantel pamoate. Single doses of bephenium and pyrantel were inferior to T.C.E. Three daily doses of bephenium or pyrantel produced effects comparable with a single dose of T.C.E. Because of the low cost and lack of side effects, T.C.E. remains the drug of choice in the treatment of N. americanus in infections; the only disadvantage of T.C.E. is its unnoticed deterioration under tropical conditions.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Bephenium Compounds; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Feces; Hemoglobins; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Necator; Necatoriasis; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Sri Lanka; Tetrachloroethylene

Topics: Africa, Eastern; Anthelmintics; Bephenium Compounds; Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Levamisole; Naphthalenes; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Thiocyanates

Topics: Bephenium Compounds; Feces; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Necator; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel

Ancylostomatids ('hookworms') are among the most important zoonotic nematode parasites infecting dogs worldwide. Ancylostoma caninum and Uncinaria stenocephala are two of the most common hookworm species that infect dogs. Both immature and adult stages of hookworms are voracious blood feeders and can cause death in young dogs before infection can be detected by routine fecal examination. Hence, treatment of both immature and adult stages of hookworms will decrease the risk of important clinical disease in the dog as well as the environmental contamination caused by egg-laying adults, which should reduce the risk of infection for both dogs and humans. The studies presented here were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a novel, oral chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio™), against induced larval (L. Eight negative-controlled, masked, randomized laboratory studies were conducted. Two separate studies were conducted against each of the target parasites and stages. Sixteen or 18 purpose bred dogs, 8 or 9 in each of the two treatment groups, were included in each study. Dogs experimentally infected with the target parasite were dosed once on Day 0 with either placebo tablets or Simparica Trio™ tablets to provide minimum dosages of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin and 5.0 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt). Timing of dosing relative to parasite inoculation allowed for efficacy to be evaluated primarily against the target parasite stage. Worm counts were conducted 7 or 8 days after treatments during necropsy. Efficacy was based on the number of worms recovered at necropsy compared to placebo control.. Based on geometric mean worm counts, efficacy of Simparica Trio™ was ≥ 98.4% against L. These studies confirm the efficacy of a single oral dose of a novel, chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel (Simparica Trio™) against L

Topics: Administration, Oral; Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Azetidines; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Hookworm Infections; Life Cycle Stages; Macrolides; Parasite Load; Pyrantel; Spiro Compounds; Tablets; Treatment Outcome

Ancylostoma caninum is the most prevalent intestinal nematode of dogs, and has a zoonotic potential. Multiple-drug resistance (MDR) has been confirmed in a number of A. caninum isolates, including isolate Worthy 4.1F3P, against all anthelmintic drug classes approved for hookworm treatment in dogs in the United States (US). The cyclooctadepsipeptide emodepside is not registered to use in dogs in the US, but in a number of other countries/regions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of emodepside + praziquantel, as well as three commercial products that are commonly used in the US for treatment of hookworms, against a suspected (subsequently confirmed) MDR A. caninum isolate Worthy 4.1F3P. 40 dogs infected on study day (SD) 0 with 300 third-stage larvae, were randomly allocated to one of five treatment groups with eight dogs each: pyrantel pamoate (Nemex®-2), fenbendazole (Panacur® C), milbemycin oxime (Interceptor®), emodepside + praziquantel tablets and non-treated control. Fecal egg counts (FEC) were performed on SDs 19, 20, 22, 27, 31 and 34. All treatments were administered as per label requirements on SD 24 to dogs in Groups 1 through 4. Two additional treatments were administered on SDs 25 and 26 to dogs in Group 2 as per label requirements. Dogs were necropsied on SD 34 and the digestive tract was removed/processed for worm recovery and enumeration. The geometric mean (GM) worm counts for the control group was 97.4, and for the pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole, milbemycin oxime, and emodepside + praziquantel groups were 74.8, 72.0, 88.9, and 0.4, respectively. These yielded efficacies of 23.2%, 26.1%, and 8.8%, and 99.6%, respectively. These data support previous findings of the MDR status of Worthy 4.1F3P as treatments with pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole and milbemycin oxime lacked efficacy. In sharp contrast, Worthy 4.1F3P was highly susceptible to treatment with emodepside + praziquantel.

Topics: Ancylostomatoidea; Ancylostomiasis; Animals; Anthelmintics; Depsipeptides; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Hookworm Infections; Intestines; Macrolides; Praziquantel; Pyrantel; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Albendazole; Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Child; Helminths; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Laos; Mebendazole; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Single-Blind Method; Soil

Topics: Animals; Anthelmintics; Ascariasis; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Hookworm Infections; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Toxocariasis; Trichuriasis

A study was carried out to find out the incidence of helminthic infections in hospitalized patients at Sher-e-Bangla Medical College, Barisal and to determine the comparative efficacy of pyrantel pamoate, levamisole, and mebendazole. It was observed that 76.2 per cent of total hospitalized patients were infected with intestinal helminths. Polyparasitism (52.6 per cent) was more frequent than single infection (21.8 per cent). Amongst these, 47.5 per cent was suffering from Asearis lumbricoides (AL), 42.5 per cent from Hookworm (H.W) and 65.8 per cent from trichuris trichura (TT). Out of 255 cases examined separately, 40 per cent was suffering from Enterobious vermicularis (EV) infection. The comparative study showed that mebendazole produced egg negative stool in 90.9 per cent of AL, 95.6 per cent of HW and 86.8 per cent of TT after eight days of treatment. On the other hand, pyrantel pamoate cured AL in 93.3 per cent, HW in 78.5 per cent and TT in 34.2 per cent eases. Levamisole cured 75 per cent AL, 4.1 per cent H.W. and 22.2 per cent TT within the same period.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ascariasis; Bangladesh; Benzimidazoles; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Levamisole; Mebendazole; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Trichuriasis

Stool examined for presence of nematodes from 467 school students in Dacca city showed 48% ova positive cases with 22% among them cases of mixed nematode infection. Highest prevalence of 58% was observed with roundworm and 5% was hookworm infestations. Among hookworm cases, Necator americana (68%) appears to be the predominant species. Two anthelmintics-pyrantel and levamisole achieved similar high cure rate (around 97%) and Egg reduction rate of 99% in roundworm infection. However, pyrantel was observed to be more effective in hookworm infestation (87% against 60%) particularly in Necator americana cases.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bangladesh; Child; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Levamisole; Nematode Infections; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel

Topics: Helminthiasis; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Military Medicine; Nepal; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate

The anthelminthic efficacy of pyrantel pamoate (Combantrin) in a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight was compared with that of thiabendazole (Mintezol) in two doses each of 25 mg/kg body weight in a controlled trial. Follow-up examination, 6 weeks after treatment with Combantrin gave cure rates of 93.8%, and 29.1% for infection with Ascaris and the Hookworm respectively, and 44.3% and 27.3% in those treated with Mintezol. The reduction in hookworm egg counts was higher in patients treated with Combantrin than with Mintezol, and Combantrin was better tolerated. Neither drug was effective against the Trichuris. The results are compared with those from other parts of the world.

Topics: Adolescent; Ascariasis; Child; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloidiasis; Thiabendazole; Trichuriasis

The efficacy of mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate was studied in two groups of 59 and 58 cases, respectively, of patients with polyparasitosis. Mebendazole had a cure rate of 96%, 82.2%, 71.4% and 66.6% in A. lumbricoides, hookworm, T. trichiura and S. stercoralis, respectively, while the corresponding figures for pyrantel pamoate were 92.6%, 85.7%, 19.4% and 0%. Pyrantel pamoate is considered to have no significant effect on T. trichiura and S. stercoralis. None of the drugs had any effect on T. saginata. Both drugs have been found to be equally effective against enterobiasis by various authors. It is recommended that pyrantel pamoate be the drug of choice in cases of multiple parasitic infections excluding T. trichiura and S. stercoralis whereas those with one or both of these in addition to others should be treated with mebendazole. Mebendazole can be prescribed for patients with clinical evidence of helminthic infections even where stool examination is not possible as it covers almost the whole range of common helminthic infections. The only limitation for poorer patients however is its cost. Pyrantel pamoate has a wider applicability for the poorer patients in spite of the fact that it is ineffective against trichurids and S. stercoralis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ascariasis; Benzimidazoles; Child; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Mebendazole; Middle Aged; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Strongyloidiasis

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Drug Evaluation; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Mauritius; Middle Aged; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Middle Aged; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate

Topics: Adult; Africa, Western; Animals; Ascaridiasis; Cats; Dogs; Feces; Female; Helminthiasis; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Necator; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Rats; Schistosomiasis; Strongyloidiasis

Topics: Amebiasis; Amoeba; Ascariasis; Benzenesulfonates; Bephenium Compounds; Feces; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Liver Abscess, Amebic; Metronidazole; Parasitic Diseases; Piperazines; Pyrantel; Schistosoma; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Sigmoidoscopy; Thiabendazole; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration

Topics: Bephenium Compounds; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Necatoriasis; Pyrantel; Tetramisole

Topics: Eosinophils; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Leukocyte Count; Pyrantel

Topics: Administration, Oral; Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Hookworm Infections; Larva; Male; Mice; Pyrantel; Stomach; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ancylostomiasis; Animals; Ascariasis; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Child; Drug Evaluation; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Middle Aged; Nematode Infections; Oxyuriasis; Pyrantel; Solubility; Tartrates; Trichuriasis

The first two cases of onchocerciasis seen in Canada are reported. The patients had come from West Africa to study in Canada several months prior to admission to hospital. The presenting symptom in each case was intense pruritus. One of the patients had early ocular involvement. The diagnosis was made by means of microscopic examination of a skin snip. The subcutaneous nodule excised from one of the patients showed the adult Onchocerca volvulus. Both patients also had urinary schistosomiasis. The clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment and public health aspects of onchocerciasis are discussed.

Topics: Adult; Africa, Western; Biopsy; Canada; Diethylcarbamazine; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Niridazole; Onchocerca; Onchocerciasis; Public Health; Pyrantel; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosomiasis; Skin; Transients and Migrants; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases; Pyrantel; Zimbabwe

Topics: Abdomen; Administration, Oral; Ascariasis; Child; Diarrhea; Drug Evaluation; Feces; Headache; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Necator; Pain; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Trichuriasis; Vomiting

Topics: Ascariasis; Enterobius; Feces; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Naphthalenes; Nematode Infections; Oxyuriasis; Parasite Egg Count; Pyrantel; Quebec; Strongyloidiasis; Trichuriasis