pyrantel and Disease-Models--Animal

Topics: Animals; Anthelmintics; Disease Models, Animal; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Helminthiasis; Injections, Intravenous; Pyrantel; Respiration

The present study proved that combined administration of pyrantel and febantel to Heterakis spumosa-infected mice yielded clear synergistic effects (seen in a quicker expulsion of the worms and a significant higher degree of worm degeneration), whereas the different doses of both drugs never reached the same efficacy, when given alone. It is concluded that the synergistic action of pyrantel and febantel on the functions of different organs of the parasites (muscle, nerve, inertine etc.) seen in the rodent model - also holds for the gut dwelling nematodes of the dog.

Topics: Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Ascaridida; Ascaridida Infections; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Guanidines; Male; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Pyrantel

Adult Necator americanus infection in laboratory hamsters (the hamster-hookworm model) was examined as an anthelminthic screening system. Three reference anthelminthics--pyrantel (PYTL), mebendazole (MBZ) and ivermectin (IVRN)--were used to assess the sensitivity of adult N. americanus and also to investigate the value of the hamster-hookworm model for predicting clinical results. Serial drug dosages were used, and the ED50 was determined from the resulting cure rates. In addition, percentage worm reductions were calculated by reference to the worm burdens in control groups. The results showed that the hamster-hookworm model was able to differentiate anthelminthics on their efficacy. Absolute activity (100% worm reduction) followed treatment with 8 mg kg-1 MBZ, 38-40 mg kg-1 PYTL and 18 mg kg-1 IVRN. Based on ED50 data of PYTL and MBZ, adult N. americanus appeared to be two to five times more sensitive than pre-adult stages. However, with IVRN the reverse appeared true. MBZ appeared to be most active and PYTL least active in terms of curing infected animals, but there were no obvious differences between the rates of worm reductions following single or multiple doses of anthelminthics. It is considered that the hamster-hookworm model will prove of value in identifying and characterizing possible new anthelminthics.

Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Ivermectin; Mebendazole; Mesocricetus; Necator; Necatoriasis; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Random Allocation

Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Pyrantel; Strongyloidiasis; Swine; Swine Diseases; Thiabendazole