prostaglandin-d2 and Food-Hypersensitivity

Urinary tetranor-PGDM is a useful diagnostic biomarker for food allergy which often affects infants. We attempted to extract and measure urinary tetranor-PGDM absorbed in polymer of diapers. We applied CaCl

Topics: Biomarkers; Calcium Chloride; Child, Preschool; Diapers, Infant; Food Hypersensitivity; Humans; Infant; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Polymers; Prostaglandin D2; Temperature; Time Factors

Topics: Biomarkers; Child; Female; Food Hypersensitivity; Humans; Male; Prostaglandin D2

Topics: Allergens; Anacardiaceae; Animals; Chymases; Cytokines; Female; Food Hypersensitivity; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Intestines; Lung; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nuts; Plant Extracts; Plant Proteins; Prostaglandin D2; Skin Tests; Spleen

Food allergy is immediate hypersensitive reactions to ingested foods. Since early diagnosis is effective for disease control, development of an objective diagnostic index is required. Using mediator-lipidomics, we found that levels of the urinary prostaglandin D

Topics: Animals; Asthma; Dermatitis, Atopic; Food Hypersensitivity; Humans; Hyperplasia; Intestines; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; Lipocalins; Mast Cells; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Ovalbumin; Prostaglandin D2; Rhinitis, Allergic

Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is a major prostanoid secreted mainly by mast cells. Although PGD2 has been identified as a modulator of allergic inflammation, its precise role remains unclear. Here we investigate the role of PGD2 in food allergy. Oral administration of ovalbumin induces allergic responses in sensitized wild-type (WT) mice. Systemic gene deficiency of haematopoietic PGD synthase (H-PGDS(-/-)) exacerbates all of the manifestations accompanying severe mast cell hyperplasia in the intestine. Morphological studies show that c-kit/FcɛRI-positive WT mast cells strongly express H-PGDS. Transplantation of H-PGDS(-/-) mast cells also aggravates ovalbumin-induced mast cell hyperplasia and allergic symptoms in mast cell null mice. H-PGDS deficiency accelerates the production of SDF-1α and the activity of MMP-9 in the antigen-stimulated intestine. SDF-1α receptor blockade or MMP-9 inhibition relieves the exacerbated mast cell hyperplasia and manifestations observed in H-PGDS(-/-). Thus, PGD2 deficiency results in food antigen-induced mast cell hyperplasia.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Alum Compounds; Animals; Chemokine CXCL12; Colon; Cytokines; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Food Hypersensitivity; Hyperplasia; Intestines; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; Lipocalins; Mast Cells; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron; Ovalbumin; Prostaglandin D2; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a protein rich legume, is consumed globally due to its delicacy. This study was aimed to purify, characterize and assess allergenicity of one of its clinically relevant allergens, later identified as phaseolin. This study was carried out using clinical, in vivo and ex vivo approaches. Phaseolin, an abundant protein of red kidney bean, was purified by column chromatography and reverse-phase-HPLC techniques and characterized by peptide mass fingerprinting. The IgE immunoblotting using red kidney bean allergic patients sera showed phaseolin as a major IgE binding protein of red kidney bean. Phaseolin treated mice demonstrated enhanced levels of specific IgE and IgG1, mouse mast cell protease-1, mRNA expressions of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and GATA-3 in the lungs, spleen and intestine along with anaphylactic symptoms indicative of allergic responses. Further, flow cytometry analysis and immunohistochemical studies indicated increased levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and GATA-3, respectively as compared to controls. The level of Foxp3 was found suppressed in the intestine of phaseolin treated mice when compared to the control. Further, phaseolin treated mice showed positive results in type 1 skin test. Bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMCs) and rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells showed enhanced release of allergic mediators like β-hexosaminidase, histamine, cysteinyl leukotrienes and prostaglandin D2. Taken together, phaseolin was found to possess characteristics of a potential allergen that may lead to hypersensitivity responses in the susceptible individuals and this may be one of the major proteins responsible for allergenicity of red kidney bean.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Allergens; Anaphylaxis; Animals; beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases; Cell Line, Tumor; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Female; Food Hypersensitivity; Histamine; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Mast Cells; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Phaseolus; Plant Proteins; Prostaglandin D2; Rats; Skin Tests; Spleen

The prevalence of black gram (Vigna mungo) induced allergic reactions are reported from several parts of the world including Asia and Australia. But, a thorough exploration of the allergic reactions induced by black gram proteins is still lacking. Therefore, efforts have been made to explore black gram allergy using in vivo and in vitro approaches. In this study, Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF) assay and IgE immunoblotting were carried out to identify clinically relevant allergens of black gram. BALB/c mice and RBL-2H3 cells were used for elucidation of allergenic reactions of black gram proteins. Further, this study was extended to screen black gram sensitive patients among nasobronchial allergic patients on the basis of clinical history, skin prick test (SPT), specific IgE levels and IgE immunoblotting. Enhanced levels of specific IgE, IgG1/IgG2a (p < 0.05), histamine (p < 0.05), clinical symptoms, pathological indications in the lungs, intestine and spleen were evident in black gram sensitized BALB/c mice. Moreover, the expression of Th2 cytokine transcripts and GATA-3/T-bet ratio was found enhanced in the treated group. In vitro studies on RBL-2H3 cells,showed increased release of β-hexosaminidase (p < 0.05), histamine (p < 0.05), cysteinyl leukotriene (p<0.05) and prostaglandin D2 (p < 0.05). Further, 8.5% of screened patients were found allergic to black gram and concomitant sensitization with other allergens has shown the possibility of further enhancement in allergenic problem. Conclusively, the present study suggested that black gram consumption may be responsible for inducing immediate type of allergic sensitization in susceptible subjects.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Allergens; Animals; Antigens, Plant; beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases; Cell Line; Cross Reactions; Cytokines; Fabaceae; Female; Food Hypersensitivity; GATA3 Transcription Factor; Histamine; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Lung; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Middle Aged; Prostaglandin D2; Receptors, Leukotriene; Skin Tests; Th2 Cells; Young Adult

Food allergy is a common complaint among patients with a broad spectrum of abdominal and extra-abdominal symptoms that must be distinguished from other more common non-immunological food intolerances.. To investigate whether human intestinal hypersensitivity reactions are associated with detectable release of inflammatory mediators from activated cells, which may serve as a biological marker of true allergic reactions.. In eight patients with food allergy and seven healthy volunteers, a closed-segment perfusion technique was used to investigate the effects of jejunal food challenge on luminal release of tryptase, histamine, prostaglandin D(2), eosinophil cationic protein, peroxidase activity, and water flux.. Intraluminal administration of food antigens induced a rapid increase in intestinal release of tryptase, histamine, prostaglandin D(2), and peroxidase activity (p<0.05 v basal period) but not eosinophil cationic protein. The increased release of these mediators was associated with a notable water secretory response.. These results suggest that human intestinal hypersensitivity reactions are characterised by prompt activation of mast cells and other immune cells, with notable and immediate secretion of water and inflammatory mediators into the intestinal lumen. Analysis of the profile of markers released into the jejunum after food provocation may be useful for the objective diagnosis of food allergy.

Topics: Adult; Allergens; Biomarkers; Blood Proteins; Body Water; Chymases; Eosinophil Granule Proteins; Female; Food Hypersensitivity; Histamine Release; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Jejunum; Male; Peroxidase; Prostaglandin D2; Ribonucleases; Serine Endopeptidases; Single-Blind Method; Tryptases

Food hypersensitivities contribute to disease exacerbation in a sub-group of children with atopic dermatitis (AD). It has been shown that only selected foods are capable of causing clinical reactions when ingested, whereas other foods, to which the patient is equally sensitive by skin-prick testing, may be tolerated. The purpose of this study was to examine the cutaneous late-phase response (LPR) to food antigens in food-allergic patients with AD and to determine if the skin reacted differently to 'relevant foods' (foods eliciting positive skin-prick tests and positive oral challenges) than to 'non-relevant foods' (foods eliciting positive skin tests but negative oral challenges). Using blister chambers adfixed to the skin, six children with AD were challenged epicutaneously with foods to which they had previously been shown to be sensitive. Histamine and PGD2 were measured hourly for 10-12 hr in parallel with quantitation of the cellular traffic. There appeared to be no difference in any of the measured parameters between relevant foods and non-relevant foods, and the patterns of the LPR cells and mediators were similar to those previously described with aero-allergens in patients with respiratory allergy. Histamine rose to 13.0 +/- 24 ng/ml (P < 0.005) during the first hours, declined to < 1 ng/ml by the fifth hour, and then rose a second time to 6.72 +/- 3.4 ng/ml (P < 0.05) during the 12th hour. PGD2 rose to an average of 312 pg/ml (P < 0.05) during the first 3 hr followed by a decline to baseline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Dermatitis, Atopic; Female; Food; Food Hypersensitivity; Histamine Release; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Leukocyte Count; Male; Prostaglandin D2; Skin; Skin Tests