Page last updated: 2024-11-03

propranolol and Decerebrate Posturing

propranolol has been researched along with Decerebrate Posturing in 53 studies

Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.
propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" propranolol (Prop) produced sustained pressor responses in rats but not in dogs under urethane anesthesia."3.67Different responses to beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs of the blood pressure and heart rate in the urethane-anesthetized dog and rat. ( Himori, N; Ishimori, T, 1988)
"Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a rare arrhythmogenic disorder, which may cause sudden death and whose relationships with mutations in cardiac ryanodine receptor gene have been recently established."1.32Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: successful emergency treatment with intravenous propranolol. ( Bloise, R; Chiaretti, A; De Rosa, G; Delogu, AB; Piastra, M; Priori, SG, 2004)
" Losartan, but not PD123177, shifted the dose-response curves for AII to the right in a parallel manner."1.29Hemodynamic effects of angiotensin II and the influence of angiotensin receptor antagonists in pithed rabbits. ( Pfaffendorf, M; van Zwieten, PA; Zhang, J, 1995)
" In pithed rats, naftopidil shifted the dose-response curve of methoxamine at equipotent hypotensive doses to the same extent to the right as does prazosin, but both drugs barely affected (in contrast to phentolamine) the response to norepinephrine."1.28Naftopidil, a new adrenoceptor blocking agent with Ca(2+)-antagonistic properties: interaction with adrenoceptors. ( Borbe, HO; Freud, P; Jakob, B; Müller-Beckmann, B; Sponer, G, 1992)
"Pretreatment with yohimbine (1 mg x kg-1 i."1.28Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor-mediated effects on nerve stimulation-evoked release of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity in the pithed guinea pig. ( Dahlöf, C; Dahlöf, P; Lundberg, JM; Tarizzo, VI, 1991)
"Kynuramine was found to release cardiac catecholamines and to act as a weak partial agonist on vascular alpha-adrenoceptors."1.27Cardiovascular actions of kynuramine and 5-hydroxykynuramine in pithed rats. ( Charlton, KG; Clarke, DE; Hamed, AT; Johnson, TD, 1983)
" PRA activity was significantly and markedly reduced by both bunolol and metoprolol shortly after dosing at a time when HR was significantly reduced but MBP was not."1.27Antihypertensive effects of 12 beta adrenoceptor antagonists in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats: relationship to changes in plasma renin activity, heart rate and sympathetic nerve function. ( Antonaccio, MJ; DeForrest, JM; High, J; Sybertz, E, 1986)
"Atropine treatment decreased, and phentolamine administration elicited a greater absolute and percent change increase in insulin levels of decerebrate rats."1.27Pre- and postabsorptive insulin secretion in chronic decerebrate rats. ( Berridge, KC; Flynn, FW; Grill, HJ, 1986)

Research

Studies (53)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199036 (67.92)18.7374
1990's13 (24.53)18.2507
2000's3 (5.66)29.6817
2010's1 (1.89)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Lyon, TD1
Ferroni, MC1
Kadow, BT1
Slater, RC1
Zhang, Z1
Chang, V1
Lamm, V1
Shen, B1
Wang, J1
Roppolo, JR1
de Groat, WC1
Tai, C1
Osaka, T1
De Rosa, G1
Delogu, AB1
Piastra, M1
Chiaretti, A1
Bloise, R1
Priori, SG1
Tung, LH1
Rand, MJ2
Drummer, OH1
Louis, WJ1
Charlton, KG1
Johnson, TD1
Hamed, AT1
Clarke, DE1
Himori, N2
Ishimori, T2
Shiratsuchi, K1
Tsuneda, K1
Izumi, A1
Ruffolo, RR1
Goldberg, MR1
Morgan, EL1
Rothwell, NJ1
Stock, MJ1
Thexton, AJ1
Yamaguchi, I1
Kopin, IJ2
Zhang, J2
Pfaffendorf, M2
van Zwieten, PA3
Pompeiano, O5
Manzoni, D3
d'Ascanio, P5
Andre, P2
Bobadilla, RA1
Valencia, I1
Ibarra, M1
Castillo, EF1
Castillo, C1
Hong, E1
Grassi, C1
Deriu, F1
Passatore, M1
Li, Q1
Takata, Y1
Kurihara, J1
Yoda, T1
Suzuki, S1
Matsuoka, Y1
Okubo, Y1
Kato, H1
Mediavilla, A1
Feria, M1
Fernández, JF1
Cagigas, P1
Pazos, A1
Flórez, J1
Hanbauer, I1
Guidotti, A1
Costa, E1
Medvedev, OS1
Stepochkina, NA1
Tamargo, J1
Beneit, B1
Rodríguez, S1
García de Jalón, P1
Korner, PI1
Uther, JB1
Sponer, G1
Borbe, HO1
Müller-Beckmann, B1
Freud, P1
Jakob, B1
Serdiuchenko, IIa1
Koropova, GE1
Shcherbinina, MB1
Rechtman, MP1
King, RG1
Boura, AL1
Dahlöf, P1
Tarizzo, VI1
Lundberg, JM1
Dahlöf, C1
Horn, E2
Mizutani, M1
Neya, T1
Nakayama, S1
Bayorh, MA1
Feuerstein, G1
Szabo, B1
Hedler, L2
Starke, K2
Stampacchia, G1
Borton, M1
Docherty, JR1
De Luca, A1
Shirasawa, Y1
Fujii, M1
Nakamura, M1
Jie, K1
van Brummelen, P1
Timmermans, PB1
Thoolen, MJ1
Antonaccio, MJ1
High, J1
DeForrest, JM1
Sybertz, E1
Dhasmana, KM1
De Boer, HJ1
Banerjee, AK1
Saxena, PR1
Ensinger, H1
Majewski, H1
Hayes, JS1
Bowling, N1
Pollock, GD1
Bulloch, JM1
McGrath, JC1
Giuliani, S1
Maggi, CA1
Meli, A1
Futuro-Neto, Hde A1
Dantas, MA1
Santos, MG1
Vasquez, EC1
Hyman, AL1
Dempesy, CW1
Fontana, C1
Richardson, DE1
Rieck, RW1
Kadowitz, PJ1
Flynn, FW1
Berridge, KC1
Grill, HJ1
Hicks, R1
Sackeyfio, AC1
Kadzielawa, K1
Widy-Tyszkiewicz, E1
Yamamoto, J1
Sekiya, A1
Hirano, H1
Inoue, Y1
Tanami, J1
Quest, JA1
Gebber, GL1
Albrook, SM1
Bennion, GR1
Ledsome, JR1
Chiba, S1
Calaresu, FR1
Thomas, MR1

Reviews

1 review available for propranolol and Decerebrate Posturing

ArticleYear
Locus coeruleus and dorsal pontine reticular influences on the gain of vestibulospinal reflexes.
    Progress in brain research, 1991, Volume: 88

    Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Carbachol; Cats; Cholinergic Fibers; Clonidine; Decerebrate State; Drug

1991

Other Studies

52 other studies available for propranolol and Decerebrate Posturing

ArticleYear
Pudendal but not tibial nerve stimulation inhibits bladder contractions induced by stimulation of pontine micturition center in cats.
    American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2016, Feb-15, Volume: 310, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Female; Male; M

2016
Thermogenesis elicited by skin cooling in anaesthetized rats: lack of contribution of the cerebral cortex.
    The Journal of physiology, 2004, Mar-01, Volume: 555, Issue:Pt 2

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Body Temperature; Cerebr

2004
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: successful emergency treatment with intravenous propranolol.
    Pediatric emergency care, 2004, Volume: 20, Issue:3

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Brain Edema; Catecholamines; Child; Decerebrate State; Electrocardiogra

2004
Positive chronotropic responses produced by alpha-adrenoreceptors in the pithed rat.
    Journal of autonomic pharmacology, 1982, Volume: 2, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Decerebrate State; Female; Heart Rate; Phenyl

1982
Cardiovascular actions of kynuramine and 5-hydroxykynuramine in pithed rats.
    Journal of neural transmission, 1983, Volume: 57, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Azepines; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Decerebrate St

1983
Role of beta 2-adrenoceptor blockade and circulating adrenaline level for the pressor responses to beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs in rats.
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 1984, Volume: 325, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenalectomy; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Decerebrate State; Electric Sti

1984
Interactions of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine and their corresponding alpha-methyl-substituted derivatives with alpha and beta adrenoceptors in the pithed rat.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1984, Volume: 230, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Decerebrate State; Deoxyepinephrine; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship,

1984
Decerebration activates thermogenesis in the rat.
    The Journal of physiology, 1983, Volume: 342

    Topics: Adipose Tissue, Brown; Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Decerebrate State; Male; Oxygen Consump

1983
Blood pressure, plasma catecholamines, and sympathetic outflow in pithed SHR and WKY rats.
    The American journal of physiology, 1980, Volume: 238, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Decerebrate State; Epinephrine; Hypertension; Male; Norepinephrine; Practol

1980
Hemodynamic effects of angiotensin II and the influence of angiotensin receptor antagonists in pithed rabbits.
    Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 1995, Volume: 25, Issue:5

    Topics: Analysis of Variance; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Bip

1995
Injections of beta-noradrenergic substances in the cerebellar anterior vermis of cats affect adaptation of the vestibulospinal reflex gain.
    Archives italiennes de biologie, 1994, Volume: 132, Issue:3

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Cats; Cerebellum; Decerebrate State; Electromyography; Forelimb;

1994
Vasodilator and hypotensive effects of droperidol.
    Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society, 1994, Volume: 37

    Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta, Thoracic; Decerebrate State; Droperidol; Male; Muscle Contr

1994
Effect of sympathetic nervous system activation on the tonic vibration reflex in rabbit jaw closing muscles.
    The Journal of physiology, 1993, Volume: 469

    Topics: Animals; Autonomic Denervation; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Heart Rat

1993
Direct positive chronotropic effects of angiotensin II and angiotensin III in pithed rats and in rat isolated atria.
    British journal of pharmacology, 1996, Volume: 118, Issue:7

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin III; Angioten

1996
KT3-671, an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, attenuates vascular but not cardiac responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation in pithed rats.
    Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2001, Volume: 37, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenalectomy; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; B

2001
The stimulatory action of d-amphetamine on the respiratory centre, and its mediation by a central alpha-adrenergic mechanism.
    Neuropharmacology, 1979, Volume: 18, Issue:2

    Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Decerebrate State; Dextroamphetamine; Drug Interactions; Hemodynamics; Male; Ph

1979
Induction of tyrosine hydroxylase elicited by beta adrenergic receptor agonists in normal and decentralized sympathetic ganglia: role of cyclic 3',5' - adenosine monophosphate.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1975, Volume: 193, Issue:1

    Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Carbachol; Corticosterone; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GM

1975
[Inhibition of the cardiochronotropic component of baroreceptor reflexes following activation of somatic afferents].
    Fiziologicheskii zhurnal SSSR imeni I. M. Sechenova, 1977, Volume: 63, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Heart; Heart Rate; Muscle Co

1977
Pressor response of propranolol in the rat.
    Archivos de farmacologia y toxicologia, 1977, Volume: 3, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Female; Heart Rate; Male; Proprano

1977
Reflex autonomic control of heart rate and peripheral blood flow.
    Brain research, 1975, Apr-11, Volume: 87, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Adrenalectomy; Animals; Atropine; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Brain; Decerebrate State

1975
Naftopidil, a new adrenoceptor blocking agent with Ca(2+)-antagonistic properties: interaction with adrenoceptors.
    Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 1992, Volume: 20, Issue:6

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Blood Pres

1992
[Segmental reflexes after sciatic nerve damage in rats given thyroxine].
    Neirofiziologiia = Neurophysiology, 1992, Volume: 24, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Decerebrate State; Female; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Propranolol; Rats; Refle

1992
Changes in gain of vestibulospinal reflexes after local injection of beta-adrenergic substances in the cerebellar vermis of decerebrate cats.
    Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum, 1991, Volume: 481

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Cats; Cerebellar Cortex; Decerebrate

1991
Microinjections of beta-noradrenergic substances in the cerebellar vermis of decerebrate cats modify the gain of the vestibulospinal reflexes.
    Archives italiennes de biologie, 1991, Volume: 129, Issue:3

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Blood Pressure; B

1991
Hypothermia augments non-cholinergic neuronal bronchoconstriction in pithed guinea-pigs.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1991, Aug-16, Volume: 201, Issue:1

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Atropine; Azepines; Body Temperature; Bronchoconstriction; Capsa

1991
Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor-mediated effects on nerve stimulation-evoked release of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity in the pithed guinea pig.
    Journal of the autonomic nervous system, 1991, Volume: 35, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Isoproterenol; Male; Nervous System P

1991
Capsaicin-sensitive afferents activate a sympathetic intestinointestinal inhibitory reflex in dogs.
    The Journal of physiology, 1990, Volume: 425

    Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Capsaicin; Decerebrate State; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Inject

1990
Bombesin and substance P modulate peripheral sympathetic and cardiovascular activity.
    Peptides, 1985, Volume: 6 Suppl 1

    Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Bombesin; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Heart Rate; Male; Propra

1985
Facilitation of the release of noradrenaline: an extra-adrenal effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone.
    Resuscitation, 1989, Volume: 18, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cocaine; Corticosterone; De

1989
Injections of a beta-adrenergic antagonist in pontine reticular structures modify the gain of vestibulospinal reflexes in decerebrate cats.
    Archives italiennes de biologie, 1989, Volume: 127, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Ear, Inner; Pons; Posture; Propranolol; Receptors, Adrenergic, bet

1989
The effects of ageing on neuronal uptake of noradrenaline in the rat.
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 1989, Volume: 340, Issue:2

    Topics: Aging; Animals; Cocaine; Corticosterone; Decerebrate State; Heart; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Isoprot

1989
Involvement of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in chronotropic responses to endogenously released amines in the pithed rat.
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 1988, Volume: 15, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Biogenic Amines; Decerebrate State; Diltiazem; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Hea

1988
Venodilating action of nipradilol (K-351) in the pithed rat pretreated with dihydroergotamine.
    Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1985, Volume: 39, Issue:1

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Decerebrate State; Dihydroergotamine; Hemodynamics; Hydralazi

1985
Effects of PN 200-110, a new calcium antagonist, on alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor mediated vasoconstriction elicited by selective alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and catecholamines in the pithed rat.
    Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie, 1985, Volume: 278, Issue:1

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Azepines; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Catecholamin

1985
Antihypertensive effects of 12 beta adrenoceptor antagonists in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats: relationship to changes in plasma renin activity, heart rate and sympathetic nerve function.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1986, Volume: 238, Issue:1

    Topics: Acebutolol; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Blood Pressure; Decerebrate St

1986
Analysis of the tachycardiac response to 5-hydroxytryptamine in the spinal guinea-pig.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1988, Jan-05, Volume: 145, Issue:1

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atenolol; Decerebrate State; Female; Guinea Pigs; Heart Rate;

1988
Different responses to beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs of the blood pressure and heart rate in the urethane-anesthetized dog and rat.
    Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1988, Volume: 47, Issue:1

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Decerebrate State;

1988
Neuronal and postjunctional components in the blood pressure effects of dopamine and bromocriptine in rabbits.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1985, Volume: 234, Issue:3

    Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Benzazepines; Blood Pressure; Bromocriptine; Clonidine; Decerebrate State; Desi

1985
Effects of beta adrenoceptor down-regulation on the cardiovascular responses to the stereoisomers of dobutamine.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1985, Volume: 235, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Cardiovascular System; Decerebrate State; Dobutamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hea

1985
Selective blockade by nifedipine of 'purinergic' rather than adrenergic nerve-mediated vasopressor responses in the pithed rat.
    British journal of pharmacology, 1988, Volume: 95, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Decerebrate State; Gallamine Triethiodide; Halothane; Nifedipine; P

1988
Capsaicin-sensitive afferents in the rat urinary bladder activate a spinal sympathetic cardiovascular reflex.
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 1988, Volume: 338, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Capsaicin; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Hemodynamics; Hexamethonium Compounds;

1988
Cardiovascular regulation in the acute decerebrate rat.
    Acta physiologica et pharmacologica latinoamericana : organo de la Asociacion Latinoamericana de Ciencias Fisiologicas y de la Asociacion Latinoamericana de Farmacologia, 1987, Volume: 37, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Decerebrate State; Heart

1987
Pulmonary vascular responses to forebrain stimulation in the cat.
    Circulation research, 1988, Volume: 63, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Cats; Decerebrate State; Diencephalon; Electric Stimulation; Female; Freezing; Histamine An

1988
Pre- and postabsorptive insulin secretion in chronic decerebrate rats.
    The American journal of physiology, 1986, Volume: 250, Issue:4 Pt 2

    Topics: Animals; Atropine; Body Weight; Brain Stem; Decerebrate State; Glucose; Hypothalamus; Insulin; Insul

1986
An interaction between exogenously administered anaphylatoxin and histamine in the guinea-pig.
    Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie, 1972, Volume: 199, Issue:2

    Topics: Adrenalectomy; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Blood Pressure; Bronchi; Decerebrate State; Drug Interactions;

1972
The influence of various pharmacological agents on the desynchronization produced by DOPA in the cerveau isolé preparation.
    Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology, 1970, Volume: 28, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Cats; Chlorpromazine; Decerebrate State; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disulfiram; Electroencepha

1970
On the pressor action of propranolol in the rat.
    Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie, 1969, Volume: 179, Issue:2

    Topics: Adrenalectomy; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Decerebrate State; Female; Hea

1969
[Studies on the mode of actions of carbon monoxide. 3. The central action of carbon monoxide].
    Nihon eiseigaku zasshi. Japanese journal of hygiene, 1971, Volume: 25, Issue:6

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Carbon Monoxide; Carbon Monoxi

1971
Modulation of baroreceptor reflexes by somatic afferent nerve stimulation.
    The American journal of physiology, 1972, Volume: 222, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Atropine; Bradycardia; Cats; Decerebrate State; Female; Heart; Heart Rate; Male; Medulla Ob

1972
The effects of decerebration on the reflex response to pulmonary vein distension.
    The Journal of physiology, 1972, Volume: 226, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Cortex; Decerebrate State; Dogs; Electrocoagulation; Heart Rate; M

1972
Inhibition of spinal polysynaptic reflex and augmentation of muscle contraction by 2-ethyl-4-ethylamino-6-methoxy-s-triazine.
    Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1969, Volume: 19, Issue:3

    Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Cats; Decerebrate State; Depression, Chemical; Electric Stimulation;

1969
The function of the paramedian reticular nucleus in the control of heart rate in the cat.
    The Journal of physiology, 1971, Volume: 216, Issue:1

    Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Cats; Chloralose; Decerebrate State; Electric Stimulation; Heart;

1971