propranolol and Cirrhosis, Liver studies

Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.
propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"In recent years, concerns have been raised on the potential adverse effects of nonselective beta-blockers, and particularly carvedilol, on renal perfusion and survival in decompensated cirrhosis with ascites."	9.41	Conversion of Propranolol to Carvedilol Improves Renal Perfusion and Outcome in Patients With Cirrhosis and Ascites. ( Aggelis, N; Baltayiannis, G; Christaki, M; Christodoulou, D; Despotis, G; Fillipas-Ntekouan, S; Fotopoulos, A; Kalambokis, GN; Koustousi, C; Lakkas, L; Michalis, LK; Milionis, H; Pappas, K; Sergianiti, F; Tsiakas, I; Tsiouris, S; Xourgia, X, 2021)
"The aim of this study was to compare the recurrence of esophageal varices (EVs) after endoscopic band ligation (EBL) associated with propranolol (PP) versus EBL alone."	9.20	Propranolol associated with endoscopic band ligation reduces recurrence of esophageal varices for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding: a randomized-controlled trial. ( Bonilha, DQ; Correia, LM; de Paulo, GA; Della Libera, E; Ferrari, AP; Lenz, L; Rodrigues, RA, 2015)
"To compare transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement with or without variceal embolization with endoscopic band ligation (EBL) plus propranolol in preventing recurrent esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with advanced cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis."	9.20	Advanced Cirrhosis Combined with Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Randomized Trial of TIPS versus Endoscopic Band Ligation Plus Propranolol for the Prevention of Recurrent Esophageal Variceal Bleeding. ( Li, X; Luo, X; Tsauo, J; Wang, Z; Zhang, H; Zhou, B, 2015)
"The main objectives of the study were to determine the exposure and bioavailability of oral propranolol and to investigate their associations with serum bile acid concentration in patients with liver cirrhosis and in healthy controls."	9.19	A study of the relationship between serum bile acids and propranolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis and in healthy controls. ( Beuers, U; Buylaert, M; Drewe, J; Haschke, M; Krähenbühl, S; Taegtmeyer, AB; Tchambaz, L; Tschöpl, M, 2014)
"Damping index of the HV waveform by Doppler ultrasonography might be a non-invasive supplementary tool in evaluating the severity of portal hypertension and in responding to propranolol in patients with liver cirrhosis."	9.12	Damping index of Doppler hepatic vein waveform to assess the severity of portal hypertension and response to propranolol in liver cirrhosis: a prospective nonrandomized study. ( Baik, SK; Chang, SJ; Kim, HS; Kim, JW; Kim, MY; Kim, YJ; Kwon, SO; Lee, SS; Lim, DW; Park, DH, 2007)
"In a multicenter, prospective trial, 62 patients with cirrhosis with high-risk esophageal varices were randomized to propranolol (titrated to reducing resting pulse by > or =25%) or banding (performed monthly until varices were eradicated) and were followed up on the same schedule for a mean duration of 15 months."	9.11	Randomized study comparing banding and propranolol to prevent initial variceal hemorrhage in cirrhotics with high-risk esophageal varices. ( Gornbein, J; Han, SH; Jensen, DM; Jutabha, R; Martin, P; Savides, T, 2005)
"Propranolol ameliorates thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis."	9.10	Propranolol ameliorates thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis. ( Iwao, T; Oho, K; Sakai, K; Sata, M; Toyonaga, A, 2002)
" Thus, a randomized double-blind trial was conducted to evaluate propranolol in the prevention of the development of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis without varices or with small varices."	9.09	Lack of effect of propranolol in the prevention of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: a randomized trial. French-Speaking Club for the Study of Portal Hypertension. ( Abergel, A; Beauchant, M; Bichard, P; Blanc, P; Calés, P; Canva-Delcambre, V; Champigneulle, B; Guyader, D; Hadengue, A; Lebrec, D; Naveau, S; Oberti, F; Pascal, JP; Payen, JL; Poynard, T; Raymond, JM; Valla, D; Vetter, D, 1999)
"To investigate the stereoselective metabolism of the propranolol enantiomers and its impact on portal haemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis since only S-propranolol is haemodynamically active."	9.09	Propranolol stereoisomer plasma concentrations and portal haemodynamic response in patients with liver cirrhosis. ( Brensing, K; Hoppe, A; Paar, D; Potyka, U; Raab, P; Sauerbruch, T; Schepke, M, 1999)
"To compare the efficacy of oral propranolol and sclerotherapy in the prevention of first hemorrhage from esophageal varices, 65 cirrhotic patients with moderate to large esophageal varices and no history of bleeding were included in the prospective controlled trial."	9.07	[Propranolol for prophylaxis of first hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices--a controlled study comparing with sclerotherapy]. ( Kanazawa, H; Kobayashi, M; Kuroda, H; Matsusaka, S; Nakatsuka, K; Nomura, T; Saitoh, H; Tada, N; Watari, A; Yoshizawa, M, 1993)
"We conducted a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial to compare the efficacy of sclerotherapy plus propranolol with that of propranolol alone in the prevention of recurrent gastroesophageal bleeding in severely cirrhotic patients."	9.07	Does elective sclerotherapy improve the efficacy of long-term propranolol for prevention of recurrent bleeding in patients with severe cirrhosis? A prospective multicenter, randomized trial. ( Anciaux, ML; Ink, O; Labadie, H; Lenoir, C; Marill, JL; Martin, T; Masliah, C; Perrin, D; Poynard, T; Reville, M, 1992)
"The objective of this randomized multicenter trial was to assess the prophylactic effect on the incidence and severity of the first variceal hemorrhage of endoscopic sclerotherapy, propranolol and the combination of the two compared with none of these treatments in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices."	9.07	Prophylaxis of first hemorrhage from esophageal varices by sclerotherapy, propranolol or both in cirrhotic patients: a randomized multicenter trial. The PROVA Study Group. ( , 1991)
"Among the various treatments of ruptured oesophageal varices two seem to be effective: oral propranolol therapy and ligation of the oesophagus on clip."	9.06	[Prevention of recurrent hemorrhage caused by the rupture of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. A controlled study of propranolol and clip ligation of the esophagus]. ( Ampelas, M; Aubin, JP; Bauret, P; Bories, P; Daures, JP; Feneyrou, B; Guiry, P; Michel, H; Parelon, G; Prioton, JB, 1989)
"A prospective, randomised, multicentre, single-blind comparison of propranolol with placebo in the primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage was conducted in 230 cirrhotic patients with large oesophageal varices."	9.06	Propranolol in the primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal tract haemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and oesophageal varices. ( Calès, P; Pascal, JP, 1989)
"To assess the beneficial and harmful effects of carvedilol compared with traditional, non-selective beta-blockers for adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices."	8.98	Carvedilol versus traditional, non-selective beta-blockers for adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices. ( Bendtsen, F; Gluud, LL; Hobolth, L; Jeyaraj, R; Morgan, MY; Zacharias, AP, 2018)
"To assess the effects of propranolol as compared with placebo on gastrointestinal hemorrhage and total mortality in cirrhotic patients by using meta analysis of 20 published randomized clinical trials."	8.82	Meta analysis of propranolol effects on gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. ( Cheng, JW; Gu, MJ; Song, ZM; Zhu, L, 2003)
" We aimed to investigate the association between propranolol treatment and outcomes for cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy."	7.96	Low dose of propranolol treatment is associated with better survival in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy. ( Chen, PH; Chen, YJ; Chou, YC; Hou, MC; Huang, YH; Huo, TI; Kao, WY; Lee, FY; Lee, KC; Lee, PC; Lin, HC; Su, CW; Wu, JC, 2020)
"There is no dose-dependent effect of 80-120 mg/day of propranolol on the hemodynamic response in cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices."	7.91	Dose-dependent effect of propranolol on the hemodynamic response in cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices. ( Chen, M; He, Q; Wang, Y; Xiao, J; Xu, H; Yin, X; Zhang, F; Zhang, M; Zhang, W; Zhuge, Y; Zou, X, 2019)
"Although causes of cirrhosis and initial stages were similar in both groups using and not using propranolol, incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly lower in the propranolol group than in the group without propranolol."	7.91	Effect of Propranolol Treatment on the Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients Waiting for Liver Transplant With Cirrhosis: A Retrospective, Surveillance Study in a Tertiary Center. ( Öcal, S; Özer Etik, D; Selçuk, H; Suna, N, 2019)
"Propranolol bears antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties and antitumoral effects and therefore is potentially active in the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)."	7.78	Effect of long-term propranolol treatment on hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in patients with HCV-associated cirrhosis. ( Aout, M; Beaugrand, M; Bourcier, V; Ganne-Carrie, N; Grando-Lemaire, V; Mahmoudi, A; Nkontchou, G; Roulot, D; Trinchet, JC; Vicaut, E, 2012)
"The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rectal ozone on portal vein oxygenation and the pharmacokinetic changes of propranolol in patients with liver cirrhosis."	7.77	The effect of rectal ozone on the portal vein oxygenation and pharmacokinetics of propranolol in liver cirrhosis (a preliminary human study). ( Fouad, EA; Kotb, HI; Zaky, S, 2011)
"It has been suggested that propranolol may have a protective effect on the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by increasing the motility of the bowel and lowering the pressure of the portal vein."	7.73	Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: Is prophylactic propranolol therapy beneficial? ( Archimandritis, AJ; Burroughs, AK; Cholongitas, E; Manesis, EK; Papatheodoridis, GV, 2006)
"In the present study, we attempted to complete the hemodynamic assessment of propranolol response in cirrhotics with esophageal varices at high risk of bleeding, in one sitting, so as to identify nonresponders at the earliest."	7.70	Propranolol in primary and secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding among cirrhotics in India: a hemodynamic evaluation. ( Biswas, J; Biswas, PK; De, BK; Hazra, B; Maity, AK; Santra, A; Sen, S; Sengupta, D, 2000)
"Propranolol hydrochloride is reported to lower portal pressure and inhibit renin secretion in patients with chronic liver disease, actions that might lessen the tendency to ascites formation."	7.67	Propranolol in the treatment of cirrhotic ascites. ( Rector, WG; Reynolds, TB, 1984)
"Propranolol (20 mg 4 times a day) was given to patients with liver cirrhosis or fatty infiltration of the liver."	7.66	Propranolol increases arterial ammonia in liver cirrhosis. ( Koorevaar, G; Silberbusch, J; van Buuren, HR; van der Velden, PC, 1982)
"Propranolol has been used as prophylaxis for variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis."	6.82	A Randomized, Multi-Center, Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Carvedilol vs. Propranolol to Reduce Portal Pressure in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis. ( Baik, SK; Jang, JY; Jeong, SW; Kim, DJ; Kim, MY; Kim, SG; Kim, TY; Kim, YS; Lee, B; Seo, YS; Sohn, JH; Suk, KT; Um, SH, 2016)
"Propranolol did not blunt postprandial hyperemia."	6.67	A randomized study of propranolol on postprandial portal hyperemia in cirrhotic patients. ( Albano, O; Buonamico, P; Ferraioli, G; Groszmann, RJ; Lerner, E; Mahl, T; Sabbá, C; Taylor, KJ, 1992)
"When propranolol was administered to patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and marginal liver function, as reflected by ammonia levels above 60 microM, it caused a significant increase in ammonia levels in arterialized-venous and arterial, but not in venous, blood (p less than 0."	6.66	Venous, arterial, and arterialized-venous blood ammonia levels and their relationship to hepatic encephalopathy after propranolol. ( Lieber, CS; Snady, H, 1988)
"In contrast, auditory hallucinations are uncommon in chronic liver disease."	5.62	Propranolol-induced hallucinations mimicking encephalopathy in a patient with liver cirrhosis. ( Al-Dury, S; Hedenström, P; Molinaro, A, 2021)
" First-line therapies include carvedilol or propranolol to prevent variceal bleeding, lactulose for hepatic encephalopathy, combination aldosterone antagonists and loop diuretics for ascites, and terlipressin for hepatorenal syndrome."	5.41	Diagnosis and Management of Cirrhosis and Its Complications: A Review. ( Parikh, ND; Tapper, EB, 2023)
"In recent years, concerns have been raised on the potential adverse effects of nonselective beta-blockers, and particularly carvedilol, on renal perfusion and survival in decompensated cirrhosis with ascites."	5.41	Conversion of Propranolol to Carvedilol Improves Renal Perfusion and Outcome in Patients With Cirrhosis and Ascites. ( Aggelis, N; Baltayiannis, G; Christaki, M; Christodoulou, D; Despotis, G; Fillipas-Ntekouan, S; Fotopoulos, A; Kalambokis, GN; Koustousi, C; Lakkas, L; Michalis, LK; Milionis, H; Pappas, K; Sergianiti, F; Tsiakas, I; Tsiouris, S; Xourgia, X, 2021)
"Cirrhosis recurrence is frequent after orthotopic liver transplantation for hepatitis C virus (HCV)."	5.39	Hemodynamic response to propranolol in patients with recurrent hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis after liver transplantation: a case-control study. ( Abraldes, JG; Berzigotti, A; Bosch, J; Carrión, JA; Forns, X; García-Pagán, JC; García-Valdecasas, JC; Navasa, M; Schepis, F; Vukotic, R, 2013)
"The aim of the study was to establish whether and how circadian rhythms alter the bioavailability of, and response of circulatory and ventilatory functions to 80 mg of propranolol given at four different test times."	5.27	Circadian bioavailability and some effects of propranolol in healthy subjects and in liver cirrhosis. ( Korczyńska-Wardecka, J; Markiewicz, A; Semenowicz-Siuda, K, 1984)
"100) rebled from esophageal varices within a mean time of 8."	5.27	[Propranolol prevention of hemorrhagic recurrence caused by rupture of esophageal varices: worsened prognosis in ascites and jaundice]. ( Attali, P; Buffet, C; Etienne, JP; Ink, O; Pelletier, G; Servent, L, 1985)
"The aim of this study was to compare the recurrence of esophageal varices (EVs) after endoscopic band ligation (EBL) associated with propranolol (PP) versus EBL alone."	5.20	Propranolol associated with endoscopic band ligation reduces recurrence of esophageal varices for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding: a randomized-controlled trial. ( Bonilha, DQ; Correia, LM; de Paulo, GA; Della Libera, E; Ferrari, AP; Lenz, L; Rodrigues, RA, 2015)
"To compare transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement with or without variceal embolization with endoscopic band ligation (EBL) plus propranolol in preventing recurrent esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with advanced cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis."	5.20	Advanced Cirrhosis Combined with Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Randomized Trial of TIPS versus Endoscopic Band Ligation Plus Propranolol for the Prevention of Recurrent Esophageal Variceal Bleeding. ( Li, X; Luo, X; Tsauo, J; Wang, Z; Zhang, H; Zhou, B, 2015)
"The main objectives of the study were to determine the exposure and bioavailability of oral propranolol and to investigate their associations with serum bile acid concentration in patients with liver cirrhosis and in healthy controls."	5.19	A study of the relationship between serum bile acids and propranolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis and in healthy controls. ( Beuers, U; Buylaert, M; Drewe, J; Haschke, M; Krähenbühl, S; Taegtmeyer, AB; Tchambaz, L; Tschöpl, M, 2014)
" A total of 94 cirrhotic patients having large oesophageal varices without history of variceal bleeding were randomized to three treatment groups and given 2 months' treatment with propranolol plus placebo, propranolol plus antibiotics (norfloxacin 400 mg BD) or propranolol plus probiotic (VSL#3, 900 billion/day) randomly assigned in 1:1:1 ratio."	5.17	Effects of the adjunctive probiotic VSL#3 on portal haemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis and large varices: a randomized trial. ( Garg, V; Gupta, N; Kumar, A; Sarin, SK; Sharma, BC; Sharma, P, 2013)
"Patients with oesophageal varices undergoing measurement of HVPG before and under propranolol treatment (80-160 mg/day) were included."	5.17	Carvedilol for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with haemodynamic non-response to propranolol. ( Ferlitsch, A; Heinisch, BB; Kramer, L; Payer, BA; Peck-Radosavljevic, M; Pinter, M; Reiberger, T; Schwabl, P; Trauner, M; Ulbrich, G, 2013)
"We chose 168 patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices in our hospital and allocated them to EVL and propranolol groups."	5.16	[Comparison of endoscopic band ligation and propranolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis]. ( Feng, C; Huang, F; Liu, X; Nie, W; Ren, S, 2012)
"Prophylaxis EVL is as effective and as safe as treatment with propranolol in decreasing the incidence of first variceal bleeding and death in cirrhotic patients with high-risk esophageal varices."	5.12	Endoscopic variceal ligation versus propranolol in prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. ( Chen, CB; Lai, YL; Lay, CS; Lee, FY; Peng, CY; Tsai, YT; Yu, CJ, 2006)
"Damping index of the HV waveform by Doppler ultrasonography might be a non-invasive supplementary tool in evaluating the severity of portal hypertension and in responding to propranolol in patients with liver cirrhosis."	5.12	Damping index of Doppler hepatic vein waveform to assess the severity of portal hypertension and response to propranolol in liver cirrhosis: a prospective nonrandomized study. ( Baik, SK; Chang, SJ; Kim, HS; Kim, JW; Kim, MY; Kim, YJ; Kwon, SO; Lee, SS; Lim, DW; Park, DH, 2007)
"Twenty-five Japanese cirrhotic patients with endoscopically proven, likely to bleed esophageal varices were randomly assigned for propranolol administration (12 patients; group A) and EIS (13 patients; group B) to prevent first esophageal variceal bleeding."	5.11	Propranolol alone may not be acceptable to prevent first esophageal variceal bleeding in Japanese cirrhotic patients: randomized controlled trial. ( Akahoshi, T; Hashizume, M; Okita, K; Shimabukuro, R; Sugimachi, K; Tomikawa, M; Tsutsumi, N, 2004)
"In a multicenter, prospective trial, 62 patients with cirrhosis with high-risk esophageal varices were randomized to propranolol (titrated to reducing resting pulse by > or =25%) or banding (performed monthly until varices were eradicated) and were followed up on the same schedule for a mean duration of 15 months."	5.11	Randomized study comparing banding and propranolol to prevent initial variceal hemorrhage in cirrhotics with high-risk esophageal varices. ( Gornbein, J; Han, SH; Jensen, DM; Jutabha, R; Martin, P; Savides, T, 2005)
" This prospective randomized controlled trial compared EVL with drug therapy (propranolol + ISMN) in the prevention of rebleeds from esophageal varices in cirrhotic and noncirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) patients."	5.11	Evaluation of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) versus propanolol plus isosorbide mononitrate/nadolol (ISMN) in the prevention of variceal rebleeding: comparison of cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients. ( Gupta, R; Sarin, SK; Shahi, H; Wadhawan, M, 2005)
"Sixty patients with cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with no history but at high risk of bleeding were randomized to ligation treatment (30 patients) or propranolol (30 patients)."	5.11	Endoscopic variceal ligation vs. propranolol for prevention of first variceal bleeding: a randomized controlled trial. ( Elefsiniotis, I; Galanis, P; Goulas, S; Liatsos, C; Mavrogiannis, C; Papanikolaou, IS; Psilopoulos, D; Sparos, L, 2005)
" The aim of our study was to find out if propranolol can prevent the bleeding from esophageal varices and if it acts by reducing the portal inflow due to splanchnic vasodilatation."	5.10	Long term effects of propranolol on portal pressure in cirrhotic patients. ( Orban-Schiopu, AM; Popescu, CR, 2003)
"To compare the effectiveness of lanreotide SR, a new depot formulation injected once-weekly, and propranolol in reducing circadian portal blood flow (PVF) and meal-stimulated hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in patients with liver cirrhosis."	5.10	Effect of propranolol and depot lanreotide SR on postprandial and circadian portal haemodynamics in cirrhosis. ( Koch, L; Layer, G; Sauerbruch, T; Schiedermaier, P; Stoffel-Wagner, B, 2003)
"Propranolol ameliorates thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis."	5.10	Propranolol ameliorates thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis. ( Iwao, T; Oho, K; Sakai, K; Sata, M; Toyonaga, A, 2002)
"We compared propranolol therapy and endoscopic ligation for the primary prevention of bleeding from esophageal varices."	5.09	Comparison of endoscopic ligation and propranolol for the primary prevention of variceal bleeding. ( Kumar, M; Lamba, GS; Misra, A; Murthy, NS; Sarin, SK, 1999)
"Thirty cirrhotic patients with PHT, grade III to IV oesophageal varices, hepatic venous pressure gradient > or = 12 mmHg and no prior history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding were randomized to receive propranolol (to reduce their pulse rate by 25% from baseline, n = 15) and EVL (weekly to fortnightly until variceal eradication, n = 15)."	5.09	Endoscopic variceal ligation for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleed: preliminary report of a randomized controlled trial. ( Biswas, PK; Das, T; De, BK; Ghoshal, UC; Santra, A, 1999)
" Thus, a randomized double-blind trial was conducted to evaluate propranolol in the prevention of the development of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis without varices or with small varices."	5.09	Lack of effect of propranolol in the prevention of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: a randomized trial. French-Speaking Club for the Study of Portal Hypertension. ( Abergel, A; Beauchant, M; Bichard, P; Blanc, P; Calés, P; Canva-Delcambre, V; Champigneulle, B; Guyader, D; Hadengue, A; Lebrec, D; Naveau, S; Oberti, F; Pascal, JP; Payen, JL; Poynard, T; Raymond, JM; Valla, D; Vetter, D, 1999)
"To investigate the stereoselective metabolism of the propranolol enantiomers and its impact on portal haemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis since only S-propranolol is haemodynamically active."	5.09	Propranolol stereoisomer plasma concentrations and portal haemodynamic response in patients with liver cirrhosis. ( Brensing, K; Hoppe, A; Paar, D; Potyka, U; Raab, P; Sauerbruch, T; Schepke, M, 1999)
"The absence of any effects on the parameters of portal haemodynamics would appear to deny clonidine any significant role in preventing first bleeding resulting from the rupture of oesophageal varices."	5.08	Effects of propranolol compared with clonidine on portal haemodynamics: a double-blind cross-over study using duplex-Doppler ultrasonography. ( Cioni, G; Cristani, A; D'Alimonte, P; Romagnoli, R; Tincani, E; Turrini, F; Ventura, E, 1995)
"A prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of propranolol in patients with portal hypertension undergoing long-term endoscopic sclerotherapy (EST) for recurrent variceal bleeding."	5.07	A prospective randomized study to evaluate propranolol in patients undergoing long-term endoscopic sclerotherapy. ( Acharya, SK; Dasarathy, S; Pande, JN; Saksena, S, 1993)
"To compare the efficacy of oral propranolol and sclerotherapy in the prevention of first hemorrhage from esophageal varices, 65 cirrhotic patients with moderate to large esophageal varices and no history of bleeding were included in the prospective controlled trial."	5.07	[Propranolol for prophylaxis of first hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices--a controlled study comparing with sclerotherapy]. ( Kanazawa, H; Kobayashi, M; Kuroda, H; Matsusaka, S; Nakatsuka, K; Nomura, T; Saitoh, H; Tada, N; Watari, A; Yoshizawa, M, 1993)
"We conducted a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial to compare the efficacy of sclerotherapy plus propranolol with that of propranolol alone in the prevention of recurrent gastroesophageal bleeding in severely cirrhotic patients."	5.07	Does elective sclerotherapy improve the efficacy of long-term propranolol for prevention of recurrent bleeding in patients with severe cirrhosis? A prospective multicenter, randomized trial. ( Anciaux, ML; Ink, O; Labadie, H; Lenoir, C; Marill, JL; Martin, T; Masliah, C; Perrin, D; Poynard, T; Reville, M, 1992)
"The effect of propranolol on furosemide-stimulated urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) excretion and renal blood flow was evaluated in 12 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis."	5.07	Effect of propranolol on urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion and renal interlobar arterial blood flow after furosemide administration in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. ( Bilić, A; Ljubicić, N; Plavsić, V, 1992)
"Detailed examination of hemodynamics in patients with portal and pulmonary hypertension was performed upon acute drug tests and course administration of nitrosorbide++, corinfar and propranolol."	5.07	[Drug therapy of pulmonary and portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis]. ( Andreev, NG; Maev, IV; Vorob'ev, LP, 1991)
"The objective of this randomized multicenter trial was to assess the prophylactic effect on the incidence and severity of the first variceal hemorrhage of endoscopic sclerotherapy, propranolol and the combination of the two compared with none of these treatments in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices."	5.07	Prophylaxis of first hemorrhage from esophageal varices by sclerotherapy, propranolol or both in cirrhotic patients: a randomized multicenter trial. The PROVA Study Group. ( , 1991)
"In a double-blind randomized trial, the hemodynamic events following the administration of propranolol (n = 51) or a placebo (n = 51) were prospectively studied in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices."	5.06	Hemodynamic events in a prospective randomized trial of propranolol versus placebo in the prevention of a first variceal hemorrhage. ( Alberts, J; Bermann, M; Bosch, J; Conn, HO; Fischer, R; Garcia-Tsao, G; Grace, ND; Groszmann, RJ; Navasa, M; Rodes, J, 1990)
"Propranolol and endoscopic sclerosis of esophageal varices are the two approaches currently used in prophylaxis of the first gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the cirrhotic patient."	5.06	Preventive therapy of first gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis: results of a controlled trial comparing propranolol, endoscopic sclerotherapy and placebo. ( Andreani, T; Balkau, BJ; Beaugrand, M; Grange, JD; Peigney, N; Poupon, R; Poupon, RE; Trinchet, JC, 1990)
"Among the various treatments of ruptured oesophageal varices two seem to be effective: oral propranolol therapy and ligation of the oesophagus on clip."	5.06	[Prevention of recurrent hemorrhage caused by the rupture of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. A controlled study of propranolol and clip ligation of the esophagus]. ( Ampelas, M; Aubin, JP; Bauret, P; Bories, P; Daures, JP; Feneyrou, B; Guiry, P; Michel, H; Parelon, G; Prioton, JB, 1989)
"A prospective, randomised, multicentre, single-blind comparison of propranolol with placebo in the primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage was conducted in 230 cirrhotic patients with large oesophageal varices."	5.06	Propranolol in the primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal tract haemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and oesophageal varices. ( Calès, P; Pascal, JP, 1989)
"To assess the beneficial and harmful effects of carvedilol compared with traditional, non-selective beta-blockers for adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices."	4.98	Carvedilol versus traditional, non-selective beta-blockers for adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices. ( Bendtsen, F; Gluud, LL; Hobolth, L; Jeyaraj, R; Morgan, MY; Zacharias, AP, 2018)
"To assess the effects of propranolol as compared with placebo on gastrointestinal hemorrhage and total mortality in cirrhotic patients by using meta analysis of 20 published randomized clinical trials."	4.82	Meta analysis of propranolol effects on gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. ( Cheng, JW; Gu, MJ; Song, ZM; Zhu, L, 2003)
"To study the polymorphic markers CYP2D64 (G1846A, rs3892097), CYP2D66 (T1707del, rs5030655), CYP2D610 (C100T, rs1065852), CYP2D641 (G2988A, rs28371725) and CYP2D63 (A2549del, rs4986774) role in treatment optimization of portal hypertension with propranolol* in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC)."	4.12	[CYP2D6 gene polymorphic markers role in determining the optimal treatment tactics for portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis]. ( Akmalova, KA; Denisenko, NP; Loranskaya, ID; Parusov, AI; Sozaeva, ZA; Sychev, DA; Turkina, OL; Zastrozhin, MS, 2022)
" We aimed to investigate the association between propranolol treatment and outcomes for cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy."	3.96	Low dose of propranolol treatment is associated with better survival in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy. ( Chen, PH; Chen, YJ; Chou, YC; Hou, MC; Huang, YH; Huo, TI; Kao, WY; Lee, FY; Lee, KC; Lee, PC; Lin, HC; Su, CW; Wu, JC, 2020)
"There is no dose-dependent effect of 80-120 mg/day of propranolol on the hemodynamic response in cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices."	3.91	Dose-dependent effect of propranolol on the hemodynamic response in cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices. ( Chen, M; He, Q; Wang, Y; Xiao, J; Xu, H; Yin, X; Zhang, F; Zhang, M; Zhang, W; Zhuge, Y; Zou, X, 2019)
"Although causes of cirrhosis and initial stages were similar in both groups using and not using propranolol, incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly lower in the propranolol group than in the group without propranolol."	3.91	Effect of Propranolol Treatment on the Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients Waiting for Liver Transplant With Cirrhosis: A Retrospective, Surveillance Study in a Tertiary Center. ( Öcal, S; Özer Etik, D; Selçuk, H; Suna, N, 2019)
"The clinical data of patients with gastroesophageal varices undergoing hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement before and 7 days after oral propranolol administration in our department were collected."	3.83	Influence of CYP2D6 and β2-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms on the hemodynamic response to propranolol in Chinese Han patients with cirrhosis. ( Duan, X; He, Q; Li, Z; Miao, C; Wang, Y; Zhang, F; Zhang, M; Zhong, W; Zhuge, Y; Zou, X, 2016)
"We assessed the impact of propranolol on death, risk of hepatorenal syndrome and peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis."	3.83	Effect of propranolol on survival in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: a nationwide study based Danish patient registers. ( Bang, UC; Bendtsen, F; Benfield, T; Hyldstrup, L; Jensen, JE, 2016)
"EVL plus propranolol is more effective than propranolol alone in the prevention of the first variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis."	3.80	The comparison of esophageal variceal ligation plus propranolol versus propranolol alone for the primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding. ( Choi, MS; Gwak, GY; Je, D; Koh, KC; Lee, JH; Paik, SW; Paik, YH; Yoo, BC, 2014)
"Propranolol bears antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties and antitumoral effects and therefore is potentially active in the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)."	3.78	Effect of long-term propranolol treatment on hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in patients with HCV-associated cirrhosis. ( Aout, M; Beaugrand, M; Bourcier, V; Ganne-Carrie, N; Grando-Lemaire, V; Mahmoudi, A; Nkontchou, G; Roulot, D; Trinchet, JC; Vicaut, E, 2012)
"Droxidopa might be an effective therapeutic agent for hemodynamic and renal alterations of liver cirrhosis and should be tested in cirrhosis patients."	3.78	Droxidopa, an oral norepinephrine precursor, improves hemodynamic and renal alterations of portal hypertensive rats. ( Augustin, S; Brull, A; Coll, M; Esteban, R; Ezkurdia, N; Genescà, J; Guardia, J; Martell, M; Raurell, I; Rodriguez, S, 2012)
" In this issue of the journal (beginning on page 1007), Nkontchou and colleagues report their retrospective observational finding that the β-blocker propranolol was associated with a highly statistically significant reduction in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with advanced cirrhosis and related esophageal varices."	3.78	Can propranalol prevent hepatocellular carcinoma? ( London, WT; McGlynn, KA, 2012)
"Nonselective β-blockers (NSBBs), such as propranolol, reportedly exert a pleiotropic effect in liver cirrhosis."	3.78	Is there any vindication for low dose nonselective β-blocker medication in patients with liver cirrhosis? ( Cho, YK; Chon, CU; Jeon, WK; Kim, BI; Kim, HJ; Kim, TW; Park, DI; Park, JH; Sohn, CI; Won, HS, 2012)
"The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rectal ozone on portal vein oxygenation and the pharmacokinetic changes of propranolol in patients with liver cirrhosis."	3.77	The effect of rectal ozone on the portal vein oxygenation and pharmacokinetics of propranolol in liver cirrhosis (a preliminary human study). ( Fouad, EA; Kotb, HI; Zaky, S, 2011)
"Propranolol treatment has been used to prevent variceal bleeding; however, controlled trials of its effectiveness have produced conflicting results."	3.76	Drug therapy for portal hypertension. ( Rector, WG, 1986)
" propranolol before initiating secondary prophylaxis for variceal bleeding is a useful tool in predicting the efficacy of non-selective beta-blockers."	3.75	Prognostic value of acute hemodynamic response to i.v. propranolol in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. ( Abraldes, JG; Berzigotti, A; Bosch, J; García-Pagán, JC; La Mura, V; Raffa, S; Retto, O, 2009)
"It has been suggested that propranolol may have a protective effect on the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by increasing the motility of the bowel and lowering the pressure of the portal vein."	3.73	Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: Is prophylactic propranolol therapy beneficial? ( Archimandritis, AJ; Burroughs, AK; Cholongitas, E; Manesis, EK; Papatheodoridis, GV, 2006)
" In 30 patients with liver cirrhosis at high risk for variceal bleeding, duplex Doppler sonographic parameters (maximal portal flow velocity, portal blood flow, and congestion index) were measured before and 4 h after the administration of 40 mg of propranolol."	3.70	Prevention of a first episode of variceal bleeding: role of duplex Doppler sonographic measurement of the acute response to beta-blockers. ( Baraldi, E; Boldrini, E; Cioni, G; Cristani, A; D'Alimonte, P; Pedrazzini, PG; Tincani, E; Turrini, F; Ventura, E; Ventura, P, 1999)
"In the present study, we attempted to complete the hemodynamic assessment of propranolol response in cirrhotics with esophageal varices at high risk of bleeding, in one sitting, so as to identify nonresponders at the earliest."	3.70	Propranolol in primary and secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding among cirrhotics in India: a hemodynamic evaluation. ( Biswas, J; Biswas, PK; De, BK; Hazra, B; Maity, AK; Santra, A; Sen, S; Sengupta, D, 2000)
"The aim of this prospective study was to compare noninvasive Doppler sonography and invasive measurement of the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) to determine the acute portal hemodynamic response to propranolol in patients with liver cirrhosis."	3.70	Comparison of portal vein velocity and the hepatic venous pressure gradient in assessing the acute portal hemodynamic response to propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. ( Brensing, KA; Hoppe, A; Raab, P; Sauerbruch, T; Schepke, M; Schiedermaier, P, 2000)
"Propranolol can reduce portal hypertension, therefore is recommended in prevention of variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis."	3.69	[Per-rectal scintigraphy of the portal system with pertechnetate TC-99M: effect of propranolol on portosystemic collateral circulation in patients with cirrhosis. Part II]. ( Bołdys, H; Hartleb, M; Nowak, A; Nowak, S; Rudzki, K, 1994)
"Propranolol is the only cost-effective form of prophylactic therapy for preventing initial variceal bleeding in cirrhosis regardless of bleeding risk."	3.69	Primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: a cost-effectiveness analysis. ( Imperiale, TF; McCullough, AJ; Mullen, KD; Tavill, AS; Teran, JC, 1997)
"Cardiac failure regressed and thyroid function normalized within ten days on propranolol, 4 x 40 mg and thiamazole 3 x 40 mg daily intravenously."	3.69	[Immunogenic hyperthyroidism with hyperdynamic heart failure and early cirrhotic transformation of the liver]. ( Fischer, MR; Gärtner, R; Huss, R; Spes, CH, 1997)
"Propranolol hydrochloride is reported to lower portal pressure and inhibit renin secretion in patients with chronic liver disease, actions that might lessen the tendency to ascites formation."	3.67	Propranolol in the treatment of cirrhotic ascites. ( Rector, WG; Reynolds, TB, 1984)
"The effectiveness of oral propranolol and sclerotherapy in preventing recurrent bleeding after an endoscopically proven haemorrhage from oesophageal varices was compared in Pugh's grade B and C patients divided into two successive therapeutic groups."	3.67	[Prevention of hemorrhagic recurrence in cirrhotic patients. Is sclerotherapy better than propranolol?]. ( Attali, P; Buffet, C; Etienne, JP; Fritsch, J; Honein, K; Ink, O; Pelletier, G, 1988)
"Propranolol (20 mg 4 times a day) was given to patients with liver cirrhosis or fatty infiltration of the liver."	3.66	Propranolol increases arterial ammonia in liver cirrhosis. ( Koorevaar, G; Silberbusch, J; van Buuren, HR; van der Velden, PC, 1982)
" The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 5-MTHF in combination with propranolol on HVPG and nitric oxide bioavailability markers in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension."	3.30	5-MTHF enhances the portal pressure reduction achieved with propranolol in patients with cirrhosis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. ( Andreone, P; Berzigotti, A; Bosch, J; Di Donato, R; Gitto, S; Renzulli, M; Roncarati, G; Schepis, F; Simoni, P; Villa, E; Vukotic, R, 2023)
"220 patients with known esophageal varices on upper GI endoscopy and no previous history of GI bleed were randomized to group A (Carvedilol) and group B (Propranolol)."	3.30	Comparison of carvedilol and propranolol for primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleed in cirrhotic patients. ( Aneeza Ilyas, -; Khalid Mahmud Khan, -; Maria, -; Muhammad Adnan Iqbal, -; Muhammad Farooq Hanif, -; Nooman Gilani, -; Raja Omer Fiaz, -, 2023)
"Carvedilol is a non-selective beta-blocker (NSBB) acting on hyperdynamic circulation/splanchnic vasodilation and on intrahepatic resistance."	3.01	Carvedilol as the new non-selective beta-blocker of choice in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. ( La Mura, V; Reiberger, T; Turco, L; Vitale, G, 2023)
"Propranolol has been used as prophylaxis for variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis."	2.82	A Randomized, Multi-Center, Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Carvedilol vs. Propranolol to Reduce Portal Pressure in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis. ( Baik, SK; Jang, JY; Jeong, SW; Kim, DJ; Kim, MY; Kim, SG; Kim, TY; Kim, YS; Lee, B; Seo, YS; Sohn, JH; Suk, KT; Um, SH, 2016)
"Carvedilol is a non-selective β-blocker with intrinsic anti-α(1)-adrenergic activity, potentially more effective than propranolol in reducing hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG)."	2.77	Carvedilol or propranolol in portal hypertension? A randomized comparison. ( Bendtsen, F; Feldager Hansen, E; Grønbæk, H; Hobolth, L; Møller, S; Roelsgaard, K, 2012)
" Additionally, they randomly received either placebo (N = 15) or irbesartan (step-up dosage titration up to 300 mg/d, N = 17)."	2.73	Irbesartan plus low-dose propranolol versus low-dose propranolol alone in cirrhosis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. ( Flacke, S; Ghauri, M; Heller, J; Herold, T; Sauerbruch, T; Schepke, M; Stoffel-Wagner, B; Wiest, R, 2008)
"Propranolol is a widely used drug for prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis, but not all patients show an adequate clinical response."	2.72	Functional status of beta-2-adrenoceptor in isolated membranes of mature erythrocytes from patients with cirrhosis and oesophageal varices. ( De-Madaria, E; Hernández, FT; Horga, JF; Irurzun, J; Palazón, JM; Pascual, S; Perez-Mateo, M; Such, J; Zapater, P, 2006)
"Carvedilol is a nonselective beta-blocker with alpha(1)-adrenergic blocking activity."	2.71	Acute administration of carvedilol is more effective than propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate in the reduction of portal pressure in patients with viral cirrhosis. ( Hou, MC; Huang, YT; Lee, FY; Lee, SD; Lin, HC; Yang, YY, 2004)
"Hepatic encephalopathy was observed more often in the TIPS group (40."	2.70	Endoscopic variceal ligation plus propranolol vs. transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt: a long-term randomized trial. ( Hansmann, J; Richter, GM; Sauer, P; Stiehl, A; Stremmel, W, 2002)
"Short-term carvedilol administration is more powerful than propranolol in decreasing hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in cirrhotic patients, but induces arterial hypotension that may prevent its long-term use in portal hypertensive patients."	2.70	Randomized comparison of long-term carvedilol and propranolol administration in the treatment of portal hypertension in cirrhosis. ( Abraldes, JG; Albillos, A; Bañares, R; Bosch, J; De Diego, A; García-Pagán, JC; Lampreave, JL; Matilla, A; Moitinho, E; Piera, C, 2002)
" Dosing of propranolol in the evening may be important for its role in preventing variceal bleeding."	2.70	Daily variation of azygos and portal blood flow and the effect of propranolol administration once an evening in cirrhotics. ( Ishii, K; Sasao, K; Sugano, S; Tanikawa, K; Watanabe, M; Yamamoto, K, 2001)
"Carvedilol is a relatively safe, effective portal hypotensive agent, both acutely and over 7 days, but not superior to propranolol, at least in Indians."	2.70	Acute and 7-day portal pressure response to carvedilol and propranolol in cirrhotics. ( Biswas, PK; Das, D; De, BK; Maity, AK; Majumdar, D; Mandal, SK; Sen, S, 2002)
"Eighteen cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices at risk for bleeding took part in a double-blind study."	2.67	Duplex Doppler ultrasonographic comparison of the effects of propranolol and isosorbide-5-mononitrate on portal hemodynamics. ( Abbati, G; Cioni, G; Cristani, A; D'Alimonte, P; Romagnoli, R; Tincani, E; Ventura, E; Ventura, P; Vignoli, A, 1993)
"Propranolol was given orally twice a day until heart rate was reduced by 25% in the resting position."	2.67	Propranolol in the prevention of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis undergoing endoscopic sclerotherapy. A randomized controlled trial. ( Avgerinos, A; Gouma, P; Klonis, C; Papadimitriou, N; Pournaras, S; Raptis, S; Rekoumis, G, 1993)
"Bleeding recurrence was less frequent in the treated patients (Kaplan Meier analysis p < 0."	2.67	[Prevention of digestive hemorrhage recurrence in hepatic cirrhosis with propranolol. A 4 years' follow-up study]. ( Armas, R; Jirón, MI; Soto, JR; Wolff, C, 1993)
"Propranolol dose was adjusted to reduce the resting heart rate by 25% of the basal value (mean +/- SD, 194."	2.67	Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus propranolol in prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding in patients with child's B and C cirrhosis: a preliminary report. ( Bhargava, DK; Dwivedi, M; Ramachandran, K, 1992)
"Propranolol did not blunt postprandial hyperemia."	2.67	A randomized study of propranolol on postprandial portal hyperemia in cirrhotic patients. ( Albano, O; Buonamico, P; Ferraioli, G; Groszmann, RJ; Lerner, E; Mahl, T; Sabbá, C; Taylor, KJ, 1992)
"Propranolol was administered to achieve a reduction in resting pulse rate of 25%."	2.67	A prospective randomized trial comparing repeated endoscopic sclerotherapy and propranolol in decompensated (Child class B and C) cirrhotic patients. ( Bhargava, DK; Dasarathy, S; Dwivedi, M; Ramachandran, K; Sundaram, KR, 1992)
"Propranolol-treated patients had fewer episodes of acute bleeding than controls (0."	2.67	Propranolol in prevention of recurrent bleeding from severe portal hypertensive gastropathy in cirrhosis. ( Bosch, J; González, A; Panés, J; Pérez, R; Pérez-Ayuso, RM; Piqué, JM; Quintero, E; Rigau, J; Valderrama, R; Viver, J, 1991)
" Patients were chosen randomly to receive oral propranolol (in a dosage to reduce resting pulse rate by 25%) or to undergo long-term injection sclerotherapy."	2.67	A controlled trial of oral propranolol compared with injection sclerotherapy for the long-term management of variceal bleeding. ( Gimson, AE; Hayes, PC; Hayllar, K; Polson, RJ; Westaby, D; Williams, R, 1990)
"Atenolol was given at a fixed dose of 100 mg/day."	2.66	Beta-blockers in the secondary prevention of gastrointestinal haemorrhage in well-compensated cirrhotics. A multicentre randomised controlled study. ( Colombo, M; de Franchis, R; Sangiovanni, A; Tommasini, M, 1989)
"Propranolol is a useful medicament for the reduction of esophagic varices size and prevention of digestive bleeding in cirrhotic patients."	2.66	[Propranolol in the prevention of digestive bleeding in cirrhotic patients]. ( Castro, R; Glez Cansino, J; Sotto, A, 1989)
"When propranolol was administered to patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and marginal liver function, as reflected by ammonia levels above 60 microM, it caused a significant increase in ammonia levels in arterialized-venous and arterial, but not in venous, blood (p less than 0."	2.66	Venous, arterial, and arterialized-venous blood ammonia levels and their relationship to hepatic encephalopathy after propranolol. ( Lieber, CS; Snady, H, 1988)
" Cardiac output and the gradient between wedged and free hepatic venous pressures significantly decreased after acute and chronic administration of propranolol; mean arterial pressure did not change significantly and systemic vascular resistance significantly increased."	2.65	Effects of propranolol on renal blood flow and renal function in patients with cirrhosis. ( Bataille, C; Bercoff, E; Lebrec, D; Pariente, EA; Valla, D, 1984)
"Frequently, relevant liver fibrosis is diagnosed by non-invasive methods (e."	2.58	[Management of compensated liver cirrhosis 2018 - Evidence based prophylactic measures]. ( Benten, D; Karkmann, K; Kluwe, J; Piecha, F; Rünzi, AC; Schulz, L; von Wulffen, M; Wege, H, 2018)
"Carvedilol is a nonselective beta-blocker with a mild anti-alfa-1-adrenergic activity."	2.50	Systematic review with meta-analysis: the haemodynamic effects of carvedilol compared with propranolol for portal hypertension in cirrhosis. ( D'Amico, G; D'Amico, M; Perricone, G; Sinagra, E; Tinè, F, 2014)
" Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes depend on the nature and degree of hepatic impairment and on the characteristics of the dosed drug."	2.49	[Effect of liver cirrhosis on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs]. ( Perlík, F, 2013)
"Bacterial infections have been hypothetized to be a trigger of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients and beta-blockers may have a protective effect by decreasing bacterial translocation, reducing portal pressure."	2.45	beta-Blockers protect against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: a meta-analysis. ( Burra, P; Burroughs, AK; Cholongitas, E; Leandro, G; Patch, D; Senzolo, M; Thalheimer, U, 2009)
"Hemorrhage from esophageal varices is a life-threatening event in patients with liver cirrhosis."	2.39	Beta-blockers for prophylaxis of bleeding from esophageal varices in cirrhotic portal hypertension. Review of the literature. ( Gross, M; Zoller, WG, 1996)
"Only about one third of patients with esophageal varices eventually bleed."	2.38	[Treatment of hemorrhage of esophageal varices]. ( Sauerbruch, T, 1990)
"The development of bleeding esophagogastric varices and the methods used to treat this complication are all unsatisfactory either in the short or long term."	2.37	Theoretical and practical considerations in the treatment of portal hypertension secondary to hepatic cirrhosis. ( Bizer, LS, 1984)
"Patho-physiological changes in liver cirrhosis create portacaval shunts that allow blood flow to bypass the hepatic portal vein into the systemic circulation affecting drug pharmacokinetics (PKs)."	1.91	Incorporation and Performance Verification of Hepatic Portal Blood Flow Shunting in Minimal and Full PBPK Models of Liver Cirrhosis. ( Gardner, I; Hatley, O; Jamei, M; Johnson, TN; Small, BG, 2023)
"In contrast, auditory hallucinations are uncommon in chronic liver disease."	1.62	Propranolol-induced hallucinations mimicking encephalopathy in a patient with liver cirrhosis. ( Al-Dury, S; Hedenström, P; Molinaro, A, 2021)
"Her pregnancy was uneventful until 31 weeks gestation when she presented with dyspnoea."	1.48	Pregnancy in a patient with portal hypertension secondary to liver cirrhosis. ( Lelei-Mailu, FJ; Mariara, CM, 2018)
"Pregnancy with liver cirrhosis is a rare and dangerous event that exposes mother and fetus to potentially lethal risks."	1.43	Successful pregnancy with autoimmune cirrhosis. ( Braga, A; Braga, J, 2016)
"Propranolol is a non-selective β-blocker that is recommended for the treatment of PH."	1.42	Comparative portal hypotensive effects as propranolol of vitamin D₃ treatment by decreasing intrahepatic resistance in cirrhotic rats. ( Hsieh, YC; Lee, KC; Lee, PC; Lee, TY; Lee, WP; Lin, HC; Yang, YY, 2015)
"Metformin-treated CCl4-cirrhotic rats had lower PP and hepatic vascular resistance than vehicle-treated rats, without significant changes in MAP or PBF."	1.42	Metformin reduces hepatic resistance and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats. ( Bosch, J; Erice, E; García-Calderó, H; García-Pagán, JC; Gracia-Sancho, J; Lafoz, E; Sarin, SK; Tripathi, DM, 2015)
"Ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome are among the complications you are likely to encounter when caring for a patient with cirrhosis."	1.42	Cirrhosis complications: keeping them under control. ( Eliacin, I; Kashan, S; Minor, SE; Whisenant, EB, 2015)
"Cirrhosis recurrence is frequent after orthotopic liver transplantation for hepatitis C virus (HCV)."	1.39	Hemodynamic response to propranolol in patients with recurrent hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis after liver transplantation: a case-control study. ( Abraldes, JG; Berzigotti, A; Bosch, J; Carrión, JA; Forns, X; García-Pagán, JC; García-Valdecasas, JC; Navasa, M; Schepis, F; Vukotic, R, 2013)
" Hepatic pharmacokinetic modelling was performed with a two-phase physiologically-based organ pharmacokinetic model with the vascular space and dispersion evaluated with the MID technique."	1.38	Hepatocellular necrosis, fibrosis and microsomal activity determine the hepatic pharmacokinetics of basic drugs in right-heart-failure-induced liver damage. ( Crawford, DH; Fletcher, LM; Li, P; Roberts, MS; Robertson, TA; Weiss, M; Zhang, Q, 2012)
" Studies were undertaken using an in situ-perfused rat liver and multiple indicator dilution, and outflow data were analyzed with a physiologically based organ pharmacokinetic model."	1.37	Hepatic pharmacokinetics of cationic drugs in a high-fat emulsion-induced rat model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. ( Crawford, DH; Fletcher, LM; Li, P; Roberts, MS; Robertson, TA; Thorling, CA; Zhang, Q, 2011)
"Propranolol treatment of Mdr2(-/-) mice improved liver architecture."	1.37	β-Adrenoceptor blockade in sclerosing cholangitis of Mdr2 knockout mice: antifibrotic effects in a model of nonsinusoidal fibrosis. ( Dienes, HP; Drebber, U; Odenthal, M; Schievenbusch, S; Schulte, S; Steffen, HM; Strack, I; Töx, U; Varnholt, H; Wendland, K, 2011)
"Propranolol treatment reduces MAP significantly in hypertensive patients with cirrhosis."	1.36	The haemodynamic response to propranolol in cirrhosis with arterial hypertension: a comparative analysis with normotensive cirrhotic patients. ( Jha, S; Kumar, A; Mishra, SR; Sarin, SK; Sharma, BC; Sharma, P, 2010)
" The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using previously developed barrier-limited and space-distributed models."	1.36	Liver fibrosis impairs hepatic pharmacokinetics of liver transplant drugs in the rat model. ( Asadian, P; Crawford, DH; Fletcher, LM; Khlentzos, AM; Li, P; Liu, X; Roberts, MS; Robertson, TA; Thorling, CA; Zou, YH, 2010)
"Successful pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension can prevent the risk of the variceal bleeding, and contribute to reduce the morbidity and mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis."	1.33	[Pharmacological therapy of portal hypertension--focused on Korean data]. ( Baik, SK, 2005)
"Data from a controlled clinical trial in liver cirrhosis are used to illustrate that multi-state models may be a useful tool in the analysis of data where survival is the ultimate outcome of interest but where intermediate, transient states are identified."	1.31	Multi-state models for bleeding episodes and mortality in liver cirrhosis. ( Andersen, PK; Esbjerg, S; Sorensen, TI, 2000)
" This simple and sensitive assay method was feasibly applied to the pharmacokinetic study of propranolol after intravenous administration of 2 mg/kg of propranolol to normal and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver cirrhotic rats."	1.31	Determination of propranolol concentration in small volume of rat plasma by HPLC with fluorometric detection. ( Hong, JH; Kang, JS; Kim, HK; Lee, MH; Park, MS, 2001)
"Propranolol was administered orally to reduce portal hypertension, resulting in a progressive decrease in urinary microalbumin excretion."	1.29	IgA nephropathy associated with portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis due to non-alcoholic and non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis. ( Aosaki, N; Hamaguchi, K; Iigaya, T; Kaneko, K; Miyoshi, Y; Monma, T; Nakamura, M; Ohishi, A; Sugiura, H; Watanabe, R, 1994)
"A 37 year old patient with chronic active hepatitis progressing to cirrhosis presented with increasing breathlessness and was found to be hypoxic with finger clubbing."	1.29	Spontaneous improvement in a patient with the hepatopulmonary syndrome assessed by serial exercise tests. ( Dalton, HR; Fernando, SS; Joseph, A; Saunders, KB, 1994)
" Nipradilol, at the dosage used in the present study, did not appear to exert a nitrovasodilating effect to enhance the portal pressure reduction induced by beta-blocking action."	1.28	Long-term haemodynamic effects of a 4-week regimen of nipradilol, a new beta-blocker with nitrovasodilating properties, in patients with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis. A comparative study with propranolol. ( Aramaki, T; Katsuta, Y; Komeichi, H; Kurokawa, H; Ohsuga, M; Okumura, H; Satomura, K; Sekiyama, T; Terada, H; Tsutsui, H, 1992)
"The results of esophageal varices treatment in two groups of patients are shown."	1.28	[Sclerosing treatment of esophageal varices]. ( Jorge, AD; Milutin, C; Oliver, J, 1991)
"Propranolol has been demonstrated to be effective in lowering portal pressure in cirrhotic patients."	1.28	Effect of propranolol on portosystemic collateral circulation in patients with cirrhosis. ( Barbara, L; Bolondi, L; Fenyves, D; Gaiani, S; Rigamonti, A; Zironi, G, 1991)
"Propranolol has been used to reduce cardiac output and portal pressure in these patients."	1.28	Effects of propranolol on arterial oxygenation and oxygen transport to tissues in patients with cirrhosis. ( Agusti, AG; Bosch, J; Garcia-Pagan, JC; Roca, J; Rodriguez-Roisin, R; Wagner, PD, 1990)
"Nitroglycerin infusion was accompanied by a significant decrease in cardiac output (-21%), systemic O2 transport (-26%) and O2 uptake (-10%), whereas O2 extraction ratio (+18%) and arterial lactate concentration (+31%) significantly increased."	1.28	Relationship between oxygen transport and oxygen uptake in patients with cirrhosis: effects of vasoactive drugs. ( Hadengue, A; Lebrec, D; Lee, SS; Moreau, R; Ozier, Y; Sicot, C, 1989)
" The half-life of propranolol and lidocaine in the initial phase of elimination correlated with the degree of portal-arterial disorders in liver blood supply."	1.28	[Usefulness of the evaluation of blood supply and mass of the liver for predicting the rate of pharmacokinetics of lidocaine, propranolol and phenazone]. ( Becker, A; Bołdys, H; Hartleb, M; Kloc, T; Mańczyk, I, 1989)
"The so-called "low T3 syndrome" has frequently been reported in patients with cirrhosis."	1.28	"Low T3 syndrome" in cirrhosis: effect of beta-blockade. ( Bellanova, B; Bernardi, M; De Palma, R; Gasbarrini, G; Pesa, O; Tame, MR; Trevisani, F; Vecchi, F, 1989)
"The aim of the study was to establish whether and how circadian rhythms alter the bioavailability of, and response of circulatory and ventilatory functions to 80 mg of propranolol given at four different test times."	1.27	Circadian bioavailability and some effects of propranolol in healthy subjects and in liver cirrhosis. ( Korczyńska-Wardecka, J; Markiewicz, A; Semenowicz-Siuda, K, 1984)
"Since the gastritis is related to vascular changes and congestion of the stomach wall secondary to increased portal pressure, and not inflammation, measures aimed at local healing or surgical removal of the bleeding area fail."	1.27	Persistent hemorrhagic gastritis in a patient with portal hypertension and esophagogastric varices: the role of portal decompressive surgery. ( Babb, RR; Mitchell, RL, 1988)
" 3 After the single intravenous dose the elimination half-life tended to be prolonged in the cirrhotic group (median 7."	1.27	A comparative pharmacokinetic study of conventional propranolol and long acting preparation of propranolol in patients with cirrhosis and normal controls. ( Bastain, W; Hayes, JR; Larkin, KA; McAinsh, JA; Shanks, RG; Watson, RG, 1987)
"100) rebled from esophageal varices within a mean time of 8."	1.27	[Propranolol prevention of hemorrhagic recurrence caused by rupture of esophageal varices: worsened prognosis in ascites and jaundice]. ( Attali, P; Buffet, C; Etienne, JP; Ink, O; Pelletier, G; Servent, L, 1985)
" One hour after 40 mg propranolol by mouth as well as during continuous oral dosing at doses that reduced heart rate 25%, cardiac output and the hepatic venous pressure gradient fell significantly, whereas arterial pressure and hepatic blood flow did not change significantly."	1.27	Effect of propranolol on hepatic blood flow in patients with cirrhosis. ( Braillon, A; Calès, P; Jirón, MI; Lebrec, D; Valla, D, 1985)
"The pharmacokinetic properties of propranolol and atenolol were evaluated both in 9 patients with cirrhosis and in 12 healthy subjects."	1.27	Hemodynamic and pharmacokinetic study of propranolol and atenolol in cirrhosis patients. ( Decourt, S; Flouvat, B; Lebrec, D; Leneveu, A; Rocher, I; Rosier, SP, 1985)
" Patients with cirrhosis had a significantly longer quinidine half-life (9 +/- 1 hr; p less than ."	1.26	Quinidine pharmacokinetics in patients with cirrhosis or receiving propranolol. ( Black, M; Humphries, WC; Kessler, KM; Spann, JF, 1978)

Research

Studies (393)

Authors

Clinical Trials (17)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Serum Creatinine From Baseline

Incidence of Treatment Failure

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	109 (27.74)	18.7374
1990's	96 (24.43)	18.2507
2000's	74 (18.83)	29.6817
2010's	93 (23.66)	24.3611
2020's	21 (5.34)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Li, P	4
Robertson, TA	3
Thorling, CA	2
Zhang, Q	3
Fletcher, LM	3
Crawford, DH	3
Roberts, MS	3
Mao, G	1
Li, C	1
Wang, H	2
Jv, YH	1
Zhang, Y	1
Liu, L	1
Singh, V	1
Kumar, P	1
Verma, N	1
Vijayvergiya, R	1
Singh, A	1
Bhalla, A	3
Nabilou, P	2
Danielsen, KV	2
Kimer, N	2
Hove, JD	2
Bendtsen, F	17
Møller, S	11
Hofer, BS	1
Simbrunner, B	2
Bauer, DJM	1
Paternostro, R	2
Schwabl, P	3
Scheiner, B	2
Semmler, G	1
Hartl, L	2
Jachs, M	2
Datterl, B	1
Staettermayer, AF	1
Trauner, M	4
Mandorfer, M	4
Reiberger, T	7
Bauer, D	1
Balcar, L	1
Hofer, B	1
Pfisterer, N	1
Schwarz, M	1
Stättermayer, AF	1
Pinter, M	3
Sychev, DA	1
Parusov, AI	1
Loranskaya, ID	1
Denisenko, NP	1
Akmalova, KA	1
Sozaeva, ZA	1
Turkina, OL	1
Zastrozhin, MS	1
Turco, L	1
Vitale, G	1
La Mura, V	3
Dai, EH	1
Guo, XR	1
Wang, JT	1
Hu, QG	1
Li, JH	1
Tang, QY	1
Zu, HM	1
Huan, H	1
Wang, Y	3
Gao, YF	1
Hu, GQ	1
Li, W	1
Liu, ZJ	1
Ma, QP	1
Song, YL	1
Yang, JH	1
Zhu, Y	2
Huang, SD	1
Meng, ZJ	1
Bai, B	1
Chen, YP	1
Gao, C	1
Huang, MX	1
Jin, SQ	1
Lu, MZ	1
Xu, Z	1
Zhang, QH	1
Zheng, S	1
Zeng, QL	1
Qi, XL	1
Tapper, EB	1
Parikh, ND	1
Wiese, SS	1
Vukotic, R	2
Di Donato, R	1
Roncarati, G	1
Simoni, P	1
Renzulli, M	1
Gitto, S	1
Schepis, F	2
Villa, E	1
Berzigotti, A	6
Bosch, J	36
Andreone, P	1
Muhammad Farooq Hanif, -	1
Raja Omer Fiaz, -	1
Muhammad Adnan Iqbal, -	1
Aneeza Ilyas, -	1
Maria, -	1
Khalid Mahmud Khan, -	1
Nooman Gilani, -	1
Wang, X	1
Liu, G	1
Wu, J	1
Xiao, X	1
Yan, Y	1
Guo, Y	1
Yang, J	1
Li, X	4
He, Y	1
Yang, L	1
Luo, X	3
Small, BG	1
Hatley, O	1
Jamei, M	1
Gardner, I	1
Johnson, TN	1
Lee, PC	2
Chen, YJ	1
Chou, YC	1
Lee, KC	2
Chen, PH	1
Kao, WY	1
Huang, YH	2
Huo, TI	1
Lin, HC	4
Hou, MC	3
Lee, FY	3
Wu, JC	1
Su, CW	1
Yoo, JJ	1
Kim, SG	3
Kim, YS	2
Lee, B	2
Jeong, SW	2
Jang, JY	2
Lee, SH	1
Kim, HS	4
Jun, BG	1
Kim, YD	1
Cheon, GJ	1
Tsai, HC	1
Hsu, CF	1
Huang, CC	1
Huang, SF	1
Li, TH	1
Yang, YY	3
Lin, MW	1
Lee, TY	2
Liu, CW	1
Kalambokis, GN	3
Christaki, M	1
Tsiakas, I	1
Despotis, G	1
Fillipas-Ntekouan, S	1
Fotopoulos, A	1
Tsiouris, S	1
Xourgia, X	1
Lakkas, L	1
Pappas, K	1
Michalis, LK	1
Sergianiti, F	1
Baltayiannis, G	3
Christodoulou, D	3
Koustousi, C	1
Aggelis, N	1
Milionis, H	1
Al-Dury, S	1
Molinaro, A	1
Hedenström, P	1
Lo, GH	2
Sohn, JH	2
Lim, YL	1
Kim, MY	5
Jang, YO	1
Baik, SK	6
Kwon, SO	4
Lv, Y	2
Qi, X	2
He, C	1
Wang, Z	2
Yin, Z	1
Niu, J	1
Guo, W	1
Bai, W	1
Zhang, H	2
Xie, H	1
Yao, L	1
Wang, J	1
Li, T	2
Wang, Q	1
Chen, H	1
Liu, H	1
Wang, E	1
Xia, D	1
Luo, B	1
Yuan, J	1
Han, N	1
Xia, J	2
Cai, H	1
Yang, Z	1
Wu, K	1
Fan, D	2
Han, G	2
Püspök, A	1
Schoder, M	1
Baumann-Durchschein, F	1
Bucsics, T	1
Datz, C	1
Dolak, W	1
Ferlitsch, A	3
Finkenstedt, A	1
Graziadei, I	1
Hametner, S	1
Karnel, F	1
Krones, E	1
Maieron, A	1
Peck-Radosavljevic, M	3
Rainer, F	1
Stadlbauer, V	1
Stauber, R	1
Tilg, H	1
Zoller, H	1
Schöfl, R	1
Fickert, P	1
Bishnu, S	1
Ahammed, SM	1
Sarkar, A	1
Hembram, J	1
Chatterjee, S	1
Das, K	2
Dhali, GK	1
Chowdhury, A	1
Baiges, A	2
Hernández-Gea, V	3
Karkmann, K	1
Piecha, F	2
Rünzi, AC	1
Schulz, L	1
von Wulffen, M	1
Benten, D	1
Kluwe, J	1
Wege, H	1
Robertson, M	1
Hayes, P	3
Lelei-Mailu, FJ	1
Mariara, CM	1
Peccerella, T	1
Ozga, AK	1
Poth, T	1
Vonbank, A	1
Seitz, HK	1
Rausch, V	1
Mueller, S	1
Zacharias, AP	1
Jeyaraj, R	1
Hobolth, L	5
Gluud, LL	1
Morgan, MY	1
Zhang, F	2
Xu, H	1
Chen, M	1
Zhang, M	3
Xiao, J	1
He, Q	2
Zhang, W	2
Yin, X	1
Zou, X	2
Zhuge, Y	2
Li, LN	1
Sun, XY	1
Wang, GC	1
Tian, XG	1
Zhang, MY	1
Jiang, KT	1
Zhang, CQ	1
Reverter, E	2
Lozano, JJ	1
Alonso, C	1
Seijo, S	2
Turon, F	1
Martínez-Chantar, ML	1
Mato, JM	1
Martínez-Arranz, I	1
García-Pagán, JC	27
Kim, BH	1
Chung, JW	1
Lee, CS	1
Jang, ES	1
Jeong, SH	1
Kim, N	1
Kim, JW	2
Villanueva, C	3
Albillos, A	7
Genescà, J	3
Calleja, JL	2
Aracil, C	3
Bañares, R	8
Morillas, RM	2
Poca, M	2
Peñas, B	2
Augustin, S	3
Abraldes, JG	9
Alvarado, E	1
Torres, F	1
Suna, N	1
Özer Etik, D	1
Öcal, S	1
Selçuk, H	1
Zaghloul, SG	1
Wahab, EA	1
Seleem, WM	1
Hanafy, AS	1
Gomaa, AF	1
Lakouz, K	1
Amin, AI	1
Queck, A	1
Carnevale, R	1
Uschner, FE	1
Schierwagen, R	1
Klein, S	2
Jansen, C	1
Meyer, C	1
Praktiknjo, M	1
Thomas, D	1
Strassburg, C	1
Zeuzem, S	1
Violi, F	1
Trebicka, J	3
Carrión, JA	1
Forns, X	1
García-Valdecasas, JC	1
Navasa, M	7
Kong, DR	2
Zhang, C	2
Zhang, L	1
Wang, JG	2
Xiong, Z	1
Xu, JM	2
Hsu, SJ	1
Huang, HC	1
Gupta, N	1
Kumar, A	3
Sharma, P	3
Garg, V	1
Sharma, BC	3
Sarin, SK	6
Heebøll, S	1
Villadsen, GE	1
Aagaard, NK	1
Grønbæk, H	2
Vilstrup, H	1
Keiding, S	1
Perlík, F	1
Robins, A	1
Bowden, A	1
Watson, W	1
Smith, F	1
Gelson, W	1
Griffiths, W	1
Hansen, EF	1
Sinagra, E	1
Perricone, G	1
D'Amico, M	1
Tinè, F	3
D'Amico, G	4
Taegtmeyer, AB	1
Haschke, M	1
Tchambaz, L	1
Buylaert, M	1
Tschöpl, M	1
Beuers, U	1
Drewe, J	1
Krähenbühl, S	1
Feineis, M	1
Lee, WP	1
Hsieh, YC	1
Celtik, C	1
Durmaz, O	1
Oner, N	1
Yavuz, T	1
Gökce, S	1
Aydogan, A	1
Nisli, K	1
Emiroglu, HH	1
Ömeroglu, RE	1
Sökücü, S	1
Je, D	1
Paik, YH	1
Gwak, GY	1
Choi, MS	1
Lee, JH	1
Koh, KC	1
Paik, SW	1
Yoo, BC	1
Bonilha, DQ	1
Lenz, L	1
Correia, LM	1
Rodrigues, RA	1
de Paulo, GA	1
Ferrari, AP	1
Della Libera, E	1
Kim, JH	1
Kim, JM	1
Cho, YZ	1
Na, JH	1
Kim, HA	1
Kang, HW	1
Cha, SH	1
Kim, YJ	3
Tsauo, J	1
Zhou, B	1
Sauerbruch, T	10
Mengel, M	1
Dollinger, M	1
Zipprich, A	1
Rössle, M	1
Panther, E	1
Wiest, R	2
Caca, K	1
Hoffmeister, A	1
Lutz, H	1
Schoo, R	1
Lorenzen, H	1
Appenrodt, B	1
Schepke, M	7
Fimmers, R	1
Sun, B	1
Wang, MQ	1
Chen, C	1
Yu, FF	1
Tripathi, DM	1
Erice, E	2
Lafoz, E	1
García-Calderó, H	1
Gracia-Sancho, J	1
Minor, SE	1
Eliacin, I	1
Kashan, S	1
Whisenant, EB	1
Morillas, R	1
Pavel, O	1
Duan, X	1
Li, Z	1
Miao, C	1
Zhong, W	1
Braga, A	1
Braga, J	1
Christou, L	2
Brito-Azevedo, A	2
Perez, Rde M	1
Coelho, HS	2
Fernandes, Ede S	1
Castiglione, RC	2
Villela-Nogueira, CA	2
Bouskela, E	2
Bang, UC	1
Benfield, T	1
Hyldstrup, L	1
Jensen, JE	1
Ke, W	1
Sun, P	1
Chen, X	1
Belgaumkar, A	1
Huang, Y	1
Xian, W	1
Li, J	1
Zheng, Q	1
Wang, G	1
Zhao, L	1
Wu, Z	1
Perez, RM	1
Fernandes, ES	1
Kim, TY	1
Um, SH	1
Seo, YS	1
Suk, KT	1
Kim, DJ	2
Shukla, R	1
Kramer, J	1
Cao, Y	1
Ying, J	1
Tansel, A	1
Walder, A	1
Advani, S	1
El-Serag, HB	1
Kanwal, F	1
Steib, CJ	1
Gerbes, AL	2
Vilas-Boas, WW	1
Ribeiro-Oliveira, A	1
Ribeiro, Rda C	1
Vieira, RL	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
To Study the Effect of Nonselective Beta Blockers in Advanced Stage Liver Disease With Ascites[NCT02649335]	Phase 3	190 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-07-01	Completed
VICIS - Vienna Cirrhosis Study[NCT03267615]		10,000 participants (Anticipated)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2017-02-01	Recruiting
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) for Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients With Occlusive Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT): A Multicenter Randomized Trial[NCT06122753]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Versus Endoscopic Treatment Combined With Propranolol for Prevention of Variceal Rebleeding in Cirrhotic Patients With Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT01326949]		52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study on the Timing of Emergency Endoscopy for Esophagogastric Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhosis[NCT04932200]		608 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2021-06-15	Not yet recruiting
Timing of Endoscopic Intervention in Patients With Cirrhosis With Acute Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (TEACH Trial): a Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT04786743]		400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-20	Recruiting
A Novel Algorithm to Stratify Clinical Decompensation Risk in Patients With Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease (CHESS2108)[NCT05100485]		1,000 participants (Actual)	Observational	2022-01-01	Completed
Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study on the Effectiveness of Treatment With Beta-blockers to Prevent Decompensation of Cirrhosis With Portal Hypertension[NCT01059396]	Phase 4	201 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-28	Completed
CHESS-SAVE Score to Stratify Decompensation Risk in Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease: an International Multicenter Study (CHESS2102)[NCT04975477]		1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2021-07-16	Not yet recruiting
Endoscopic and Microbiological Assessment of the Effect of Carvedilol Combined With Berberine on GOV in Cirrhosis: a Prospective Cohort Study[NCT04543643]	Phase 3	288 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-01	Not yet recruiting
Prevention of Progression of Portal Hypertension in Compensated Cirrhosis Using Selective Hepatic Vasodilators. A Double-blind, Multicenter,Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT01282398]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-04-30	Not yet recruiting
Pilot Study to Evaluate the Correlation Between ¹³C Methacetin Breath Test (MBT) and HVPG Measurement as a Tool for Identifying Responders to Portal Hypertension Therapy[NCT01851252]	Phase 1	19 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-10-31	Completed
The Effect of Preoperative Beta Blocker Use on Intraoperative Hemodynamics and Postoperative Renal Function in End-stage Liver Disease Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation[NCT03633812]		477 participants (Anticipated)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2016-10-28	Recruiting
Treatment of Type I Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) With Pentoxyfylline: A Placebo Controlled, Blinded Pilot Study[NCT02123576]		12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Terminated (stopped due to Poor enrollment of study population)
Prospective Cohort Study to Evaluate Long-term Outcomes in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis of Boramae Hospital[NCT01943318]		500 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2013-01-31	Completed
Danish Carvedilol Study in Portal Hypertension. Carvedilol in the Prevention of Bleeding in Portal Hypertension and Esophageal Varices[NCT00493480]	Phase 3	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2003-09-30	Completed
Is Capsule Endoscopy Accurate and Cost-effective Enough to Screen Cirrhotic Patients for Varices & Other Lesions?[NCT01079416]		65 participants (Actual)	Observational	2006-06-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Intervention	g/dL (Mean)
Treatment	0.48
Placebo	0.03

Defined as creatinine level above baseline value after day 7, dialysis or death (NCT02123576)
Timeframe: up to day 14

Number of Participants With Combined Outcome of Treatment Success and Partial Response

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment	3
Placebo	3

We define as serum creatinine level decreased by >50% from baseline but not to <1.5 mg/dL, without dialysis or HRS recurrence (NCT02123576)
Timeframe: 14 days

Number of Participants With Treatment Success

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment	1
Placebo	2

We define this as a decrease in serum creatinine level to <1.5 mg/dL without dialysis or death (NCT02123576)
Timeframe: 14 days

Overall Survival

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment	1
Placebo	1

This will be the combination of transplant free survival and those patients who received liver transplant (NCT02123576)
Timeframe: up to 1 year

Article	Year
Exploration on the Effect of Nonselective BioMed research international, 2022, Volume: 2022 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; He	2022
Carvedilol as the new non-selective beta-blocker of choice in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2023, Volume: 43, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Ascites; Carvedilol; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal H	2023
Diagnosis and Management of Cirrhosis and Its Complications: A Review. JAMA, 2023, 05-09, Volume: 329, Issue:18 Topics: Adult; Ascites; Carvedilol; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hepatic Enc	2023
Pharmacologic prevention of variceal bleeding and rebleeding. Hepatology international, 2018, Volume: 12, Issue:Suppl 1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Atorvastatin; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; G	2018
[Management of compensated liver cirrhosis 2018 - Evidence based prophylactic measures]. Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie, 2018, Volume: 56, Issue:1 Topics: Carvedilol; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Germany; Hepatic Encephalop	2018
Carvedilol versus traditional, non-selective beta-blockers for adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2018, Oct-29, Volume: 10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Carvedilol; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hem	2018
Management of ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis: recent evidence and controversies. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 2013, Volume: 76, Issue:3 Topics: Ascites; Hepatorenal Syndrome; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Lypressin; Midodrine; Portasystemic Shunt, T	2013
[Effect of liver cirrhosis on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs]. Vnitrni lekarstvi, 2013, Volume: 59, Issue:7 Topics: Analgesics; Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Hepatic Insufficien	2013
Systematic review with meta-analysis: the haemodynamic effects of carvedilol compared with propranolol for portal hypertension in cirrhosis. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2014, Volume: 39, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Hemodynamics; Hepatic Veins; Humans; Hypertensi	2014
Beta-blockers in cirrhosis and refractory ascites: a retrospective cohort study and review of the literature. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2015, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Ascites; Case-Control Studies; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Fe	2015
Carvedilol for portal hypertension in cirrhosis: systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ open, 2016, 05-04, Volume: 6, Issue:5 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Esophageal and Ga	2016
beta-Blockers protect against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: a meta-analysis. Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2009, Volume: 29, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Translocation; Databases, Bibliographic	2009
Prognostic markers in patients who have recovered from an acute variceal bleeding: role of HVPG measurement. Disease markers, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biomarkers; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Ga	2011
Meta analysis of propranolol effects on gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. World journal of gastroenterology, 2003, Volume: 9, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Propranolol; Rand	2003
Cirrhotic portal hypertension: current and future medical therapy for primary and secondary prevention of variceal bleeding. Minerva medica, 2006, Volume: 97, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Contraindications; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endoscopy; Esoph	2006
Medical treatment of portal hypertension and oesophageal varices. British medical journal (Clinical research ed.), 1983, Sep-10, Volume: 287, Issue:6394 Topics: Blood Flow Velocity; Embolization, Therapeutic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hem	1983
Noninvasive assessment in vivo of hepatic drug metabolism in health and disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1984, Volume: 428 Topics: Adult; Aminopyrine; Animals; Antipyrine; Breath Tests; Humans; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Disease	1984
Theoretical and practical considerations in the treatment of portal hypertension secondary to hepatic cirrhosis. The American surgeon, 1984, Volume: 50, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Hypertension, Portal;	1984
[Typical risks in the treatment of acute and chronic liver diseases]. Der Internist, 1982, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Androgens; Ascites; Cholestyramine Resin; Cimetidine; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Diuret	1982
Oesophageal varices prior to bleeding. Diagnosis and physiological and therapeutic effects of propranolol in cirrhosis. Danish medical bulletin, 1993, Volume: 40, Issue:3 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hemodynamics; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis;	1993
[Vasodilators and renal function in cirrhosis]. Gastroenterologia y hepatologia, 1995, Volume: 18, Issue:9 Topics: Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Kidney; Liver Cirrhosis; Propranolol; Vasod	1995
Propranolol and sclerotherapy in the prevention of gastrointestinal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Journal of hepatology, 1997, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Aged; Propranolol;	1997
Beta-blockers for prophylaxis of bleeding from esophageal varices in cirrhotic portal hypertension. Review of the literature. European journal of medical research, 1996, Jun-25, Volume: 1, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Combined Modality Therapy; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointest	1996
The surgical significance of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics, 1977, Volume: 144, Issue:6 Topics: Anemia; Angina Pectoris; Animals; Blood; Diabetes Mellitus; Diphosphoglyceric Acids; Erythrocytes; H	1977
Propranolol disposition in chronic liver disease: a physiological approach. Clinical pharmacokinetics, 1976, Volume: 1, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Blood Proteins; Chronic Disease; Half-Life; Humans; Kinetics; Liver; Liver Cir	1976
Plasma and tissue protein binding of drugs in pharmacokinetics. Drug metabolism reviews, 1976, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Age Factors; Aging; Albumins; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies; A	1976
Beta-adrenergic antagonists for primary prevention of gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. Clinical pharmacy, 1992, Volume: 11, Issue:4 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Nadolol; Propr	1992
Beta-adrenergic-antagonist drugs in the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. An analysis of data and prognostic factors in 589 patients from four randomized clinical trials. Franco-Italian Multicenter The New England journal of medicine, 1991, May-30, Volume: 324, Issue:22 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Ascites; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemor	1991
Portal hypertensive gastropathy. Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 1991, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Cirrhosis;	1991
[Primary prevention of digestive hemorrhages in cirrhotic patients]. Annales de gastroenterologie et d'hepatologie, 1990, Volume: 26, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Li	1990
[Treatment of hemorrhage of esophageal varices]. Leber, Magen, Darm, 1990, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Balloon Occlusion; Catheterization; Combined Modality Therapy; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastr	1990
Prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage: to block or not to block? The American journal of gastroenterology, 1990, Volume: 85, Issue:5 Topics: Atenolol; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Prop	1990
Drug therapy for portal hypertension. Annals of internal medicine, 1986, Volume: 105, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hemo	1986
A clinical view of recent advances in ascites. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 1986, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Ascites; Ascitic Fluid; Bacterial Infections; Blood Volume; Body Water; Extracellular Space	1986
Pharmacokinetic-hemodynamic interactions in cirrhosis. Seminars in liver disease, 1986, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Hemodynamics; Humans; Kinetics; Liver Circulation; Liver Cirrhosis; Nitrates; Propranolol; Vasopress	1986

Article	Year
Propranolol vs. band ligation for primary prophylaxis of variceal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients with ascites: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology international, 2022, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Ascites; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; L	2022
5-MTHF enhances the portal pressure reduction achieved with propranolol in patients with cirrhosis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of hepatology, 2023, Volume: 79, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Hy	2023
Comparison of carvedilol and propranolol for primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleed in cirrhotic patients. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2023, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carvedilol; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage	2023
Small-Diameter Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt versus Endoscopic Variceal Ligation Plus Propranolol for Variceal Rebleeding in Advanced Cirrhosis. Radiology, 2023, Volume: 308, Issue:2 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male;	2023
Conversion of Propranolol to Carvedilol Improves Renal Perfusion and Outcome in Patients With Cirrhosis and Ascites. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 2021, 09-01, Volume: 55, Issue:8 Topics: Ascites; Carvedilol; Humans; Kidney; Liver Cirrhosis; Perfusion; Propranolol	2021
Rifaximin and Propranolol Combination Therapy Is More Effective than Propranolol Monotherapy for the Reduction of Portal Pressure: An Open Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Gut and liver, 2017, Sep-15, Volume: 11, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Bacterial Translocation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gastroin	2017
Covered TIPS versus endoscopic band ligation plus propranolol for the prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis: a randomised controlled trial. Gut, 2018, Volume: 67, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Combined Modality Therapy; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastroi	2018
Effects of atorvastatin on portal hemodynamics and clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis with portal hypertension: a proof-of-concept study. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2018, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Atorvastatin; Disease Progression; Drug	2018
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
β blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet (London, England), 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 393, Issue:10181 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Me	2019
Measurement of variceal pressure with a computerized endoscopic manometry: validation and effect of propranolol therapy in cirrhotic patients. PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Esophagoscopes; Esophagoscopy; Femal	2013
Effects of the adjunctive probiotic VSL#3 on portal haemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis and large varices: a randomized trial. Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2013, Volume: 33, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biomarkers; Chi-Square Distribution; Combined Mo	2013
Effects of carvedilol and propranolol on circulatory regulation and oxygenation in cirrhosis: a randomised study. Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver, 2014, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Arteries; Blood Pressure; Bloo	2014
A study of the relationship between serum bile acids and propranolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis and in healthy controls. PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Administration, Oral; Adult; Bile Acids and Salts; Cross-Over Studies;	2014
Propranolol associated with endoscopic band ligation reduces recurrence of esophageal varices for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding: a randomized-controlled trial. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2015, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Combined Modality Therapy; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Esophage	2015
Effects of candesartan and propranolol combination therapy versus propranolol monotherapy in reducing portal hypertension. Clinical and molecular hepatology, 2014, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure	2014
Advanced Cirrhosis Combined with Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Randomized Trial of TIPS versus Endoscopic Band Ligation Plus Propranolol for the Prevention of Recurrent Esophageal Variceal Bleeding. Radiology, 2015, Volume: 276, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Combined Modality Therapy; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Esophageal and	2015
Prevention of Rebleeding From Esophageal Varices in Patients With Cirrhosis Receiving Small-Diameter Stents Versus Hemodynamically Controlled Medical Therapy. Gastroenterology, 2015, Volume: 149, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Drug Therapy, Combination; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gast	2015
Development of hyperdynamic circulation and response to β-blockers in compensated cirrhosis with portal hypertension. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2016, Volume: 63, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cross-Sectional Studies; Do	2016
A Randomized, Multi-Center, Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Carvedilol vs. Propranolol to Reduce Portal Pressure in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2016, Volume: 111, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Ascites; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; End Stage Liver Disease; Esophageal	2016
Acute hemodynamic response to beta-blockers and prediction of long-term outcome in primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding. Gastroenterology, 2009, Volume: 137, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrha	2009
Acute and chronic hemodynamic changes after propranolol in patients with cirrhosis under primary and secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding: a pilot study. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2010, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-Up	2010
Beta-blockers cause paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites: a cross-over study. Journal of hepatology, 2011, Volume: 55, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Ascites; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Combined Modali	2011
Carvedilol or propranolol in portal hypertension? A randomized comparison. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2012, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Double-Blind Method; Fema	2012
[Comparison of endoscopic band ligation and propranolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis]. Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences, 2012, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrha	2012
The insulin like growth factor system in cirrhosis. Relation to changes in body composition following adrenoreceptor blockade. Growth hormone & IGF research : official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society, 2012, Volume: 22, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Body Composition; Bone Density; Car	2012
Carvedilol for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with haemodynamic non-response to propranolol. Gut, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug;	2013
Comparative randomized study on efficacy of losartan versus propranolol in lowering portal pressure in decompensated chronic liver disease. Journal of digestive diseases, 2013, Volume: 14, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Female; Follow-Up Studies;	2013
Endoscopic variceal ligation plus propranolol vs. transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt: a long-term randomized trial. Endoscopy, 2002, Volume: 34, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Hepatic Encephalop	2002
A randomized, controlled trial of medical therapy versus endoscopic ligation for the prevention of variceal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Gastroenterology, 2002, Volume: 123, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Endoscopy; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-	2002
Hemodynamic effects of propranolol and nitrates in cirrhotics with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2002, Volume: 37, Issue:9 Topics: Blood Pressure; Drug Combinations; Female; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; L	2002
Randomized comparison of long-term carvedilol and propranolol administration in the treatment of portal hypertension in cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2002, Volume: 36, Issue:6 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hyperten	2002
[The randomized controlled trial of isosorbide mononitrate plus propranolol compared with propranolol alone for the prevention of variceal rebleeding]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 2002, Sep-10, Volume: 82, Issue:17 Topics: Adult; Dizziness; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Headache; Humans;	2002
Low doses of isosorbide mononitrate attenuate the postprandial increase in portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2003, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans	2003
[Effect of compound Salvia pill combined with propanolol on liver fibrosis and portal hypertension]. Zhongguo Zhong xi yi jie he za zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi jiehe zazhi = Chinese journal of integrated traditional and Western medicine, 2002, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Follow-Up	2002
Effects of long-term Irbesartan in reducing portal pressure in cirrhotic patients: comparison with propranolol in a randomised controlled study. Journal of hepatology, 2003, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pr	2003
Long term effects of propranolol on portal pressure in cirrhotic patients. Romanian journal of gastroenterology, 2003, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hemody	2003
Portal pressure response to losartan compared with propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2003, Volume: 98, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Angiotensin II; Antihypertensive Agents; Esophageal and Gastric	2003
Cirrhosis and bleeding: the need for very early management. Journal of hepatology, 2003, Volume: 39, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Double-Blind Method; Esophageal and Gastric Varic	2003
Effect of propranolol and depot lanreotide SR on postprandial and circadian portal haemodynamics in cirrhosis. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2003, Oct-15, Volume: 18, Issue:8 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Circadian Rhythm; Delayed-Action Preparations; Esophageal and Gastric Varic	2003
Captopril reduces portal pressure effectively in portal hypertensive patients with low portal venous velocity. Journal of gastroenterology, 2003, Volume: 38, Issue:12 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Flow Velocity; Captopril; D	2003
Propranolol alone may not be acceptable to prevent first esophageal variceal bleeding in Japanese cirrhotic patients: randomized controlled trial. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2004, Volume: 19, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hu	2004
Ligation versus propranolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2004, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Actuarial Analysis; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Esophagus; Female;	2004
Acute administration of carvedilol is more effective than propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate in the reduction of portal pressure in patients with viral cirrhosis. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2004, Volume: 99, Issue:10 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hyperten	2004
[Comparative effectiveness of different methods of diagnosis and correction of impaired portal circulation]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 2004, Volume: 82, Issue:7 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Isosorbide Dinitrate; Laser Therapy; Liver Ci	2004
A randomized controlled trial of beta-blockers versus endoscopic band ligation for primary prophylaxis: a large sample size is required to show a difference in bleeding rates. Digestive diseases and sciences, 2005, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; He	2005
Randomized study comparing banding and propranolol to prevent initial variceal hemorrhage in cirrhotics with high-risk esophageal varices. Gastroenterology, 2005, Volume: 128, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hu	2005
Variceal band ligation versus propranolol for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Current gastroenterology reports, 2005, Volume: 7, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hem	2005
Evaluation of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) versus propanolol plus isosorbide mononitrate/nadolol (ISMN) in the prevention of variceal rebleeding: comparison of cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients. Digestive diseases and sciences, 2005, Volume: 50, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Esophageal a	2005
Endoscopic variceal ligation vs. propranolol for prevention of first variceal bleeding: a randomized controlled trial. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2005, Volume: 17, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Cause of Death; Epidemiologic Methods; Esophageal and Gastric Var	2005
Effect of meal and propranolol on whole body and splanchnic oxygen consumption in patients with cirrhosis. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2006, Volume: 291, Issue:1 Topics: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Energy Metabolism; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Liver C	2006
Endoscopic variceal ligation versus propranolol in prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2006, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Fo	2006
Functional status of beta-2-adrenoceptor in isolated membranes of mature erythrocytes from patients with cirrhosis and oesophageal varices. Vascular pharmacology, 2006, Volume: 44, Issue:6 Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alcohol Drinking; Cyclic A	2006
Octreotide enhances portal pressure reduction induced by propranolol in cirrhosis: a randomized, controlled trial. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2007, Volume: 102, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Drug Administration Schedule; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; F	2007
Damping index of Doppler hepatic vein waveform to assess the severity of portal hypertension and response to propranolol in liver cirrhosis: a prospective nonrandomized study. Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2007, Volume: 27, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Female; Hepatic Veins; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Linear Mo	2007
Irbesartan plus low-dose propranolol versus low-dose propranolol alone in cirrhosis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. The American journal of gastroenterology, 2008, Volume: 103, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphe	2008
Propranolol in prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. Lancet (London, England), 1981, Apr-25, Volume: 1, Issue:8226 Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Peptic Ulcer Hemo	1981
[Beta blocker prevention of hemorrhages from esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1983, Apr-08, Volume: 108, Issue:14 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varice	1983
Effects of propranolol on renal blood flow and renal function in patients with cirrhosis. Gastroenterology, 1984, Volume: 86, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Hepatic Veins; Humans; Kidney; Liver Cirrhosis; Propranolol; Renal Circulation; Renin;	1984
Comparison of three adrenoreceptor blocking agents in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Gut, 1984, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Atenolol; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hyperte	1984
Controlled trial of propranolol for the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. The New England journal of medicine, 1983, Dec-22, Volume: 309, Issue:25 Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemo	1983
Treatment of bleeding varices: controversy and opportunity. Hospital practice (Office ed.), 1984, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Embolization, Therapeutic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestina	1984
Selective and non-selective beta receptor blockade in the reduction of portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Gut, 1984, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Cardiac Output; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Circulation; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Meto	1984
Gastrointestinal bleeding after abrupt cessation of propranolol administration in cirrhosis. The New England journal of medicine, 1982, Aug-26, Volume: 307, Issue:9 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Propranolol; S	1982
Propranolol for prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis: a controlled study. The New England journal of medicine, 1981, Dec-03, Volume: 305, Issue:23 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female;	1981
Continuous prazosin administration in cirrhotic patients: effects on portal hemodynamics and on liver and renal function. Gastroenterology, 1995, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Female; Furosemide; Glomerular Filtration	1995
Relation between portal pressure response to pharmacotherapy and risk of recurrent variceal haemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. Lancet (London, England), 1995, Oct-21, Volume: 346, Issue:8982 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal	1995
Noninvasive measurement of femoral blood flow and portal pressure response to propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1995, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Double-Blind Method; Female; Femoral Vein; Hepatic Veins; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver	1995
Effects of propranolol on gastric mucosal perfusion and serum gastrin level in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy. Digestive diseases and sciences, 1994, Volume: 39, Issue:11 Topics: Double-Blind Method; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Hyperten	1994
Propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate for portal hypertension in cirrhosis: long-term hemodynamic and renal effects. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1994, Volume: 20, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Analysis of Variance; Body Water; Chi-Square Distribution; Dinoprostone; Drug Therapy,	1994
Beta-adrenergic antagonists to prevent bleeding from esophageal varices: a risk during liver transplantation? Transplantation proceedings, 1994, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Cardiac Output; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Heart Rate; Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver	1994
Duplex Doppler ultrasonographic comparison of the effects of propranolol and isosorbide-5-mononitrate on portal hemodynamics. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, 1993, Volume: 12, Issue:9 Topics: Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Monitoring; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; F	1993
Reduction of variceal pressure by propranolol: comparison of the effects on portal pressure and azygos blood flow in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1993, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Azygos Vein; Double-Blind Method; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointesti	1993
Propranolol in the prevention of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis undergoing endoscopic sclerotherapy. A randomized controlled trial. Journal of hepatology, 1993, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Combined Modality Therapy; Endoscopy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage;	1993
A prospective randomized study to evaluate propranolol in patients undergoing long-term endoscopic sclerotherapy. Journal of hepatology, 1993, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Combined Modality Therapy; Double-Blind Method; Endoscopy;	1993
[Prevention of digestive hemorrhage recurrence in hepatic cirrhosis with propranolol. A 4 years' follow-up study]. Revista medica de Chile, 1993, Volume: 121, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastroint	1993
[Propranolol for prophylaxis of first hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices--a controlled study comparing with sclerotherapy]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai zasshi = The Japanese journal of gastro-enterology, 1993, Volume: 90, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis;	1993
Effects of propranolol on gastric mucosal perfusion in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1993, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Female; Gastric Mucosa; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Injections, Intravenous; Laser-D	1993
Isosorbide-5-mononitrate versus propranolol in the prevention of first bleeding in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology, 1993, Volume: 104, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Digestive System; Endoscopy; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Isosorbide Dinitrate	1993
Effects of propranolol compared with clonidine on portal haemodynamics: a double-blind cross-over study using duplex-Doppler ultrasonography. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 1995, Volume: 7, Issue:9 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Cro	1995
Propranolol plus molsidomine vs propranolol alone in the treatment of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Journal of hepatology, 1996, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension, Portal	1996
Non-invasive variceal pressure measurements: validation and clinical implications. Verhandelingen - Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van Belgie, 1996, Volume: 58, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure Determination; Double-Blind Method; Esophageal	1996
Daily variation in portal blood flow and the effect of propranolol administration in a randomized study of patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1997, Volume: 25, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Flow Velocity; Cardiac Output; Ci	1997
Effects of isosorbide-5-mononitrate compared with propranolol on first bleeding and long-term survival in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology, 1997, Volume: 113, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hu	1997
Endoscopic assessment of variceal volume and wall tension in cirrhotic patients: effects of pharmacological therapy. Gastroenterology, 1997, Volume: 113, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Endosonography; Esophageal and Gastri	1997
Assessment of effects of propranolol on portal hemodynamics in cirrhosis by duplex ultrasonography. Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1998, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Antihypertensive Agents; Cross-Over Studies; Hemodynamics; Humans	1998
Duplex-Doppler evaluation of the effects of propranolol and isosorbide-5-mononitrate on portal flow and splanchnic arterial circulation in cirrhosis. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 1998, Volume: 12, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Hu	1998
Effects of propranolol on the hepatic hemodynamic response to physical exercise in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1998, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Exercise; Female; Hemodynamics; Human	1998
Comparison of endoscopic ligation and propranolol for the primary prevention of variceal bleeding. The New England journal of medicine, 1999, Apr-01, Volume: 340, Issue:13 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Endoscopy; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointesti	1999
Endoscopic variceal ligation for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleed: preliminary report of a randomized controlled trial. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 1999, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastr	1999
Carvedilol, a new nonselective beta-blocker with intrinsic anti- Alpha1-adrenergic activity, has a greater portal hypotensive effect than propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1999, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure;	1999
Lack of effect of propranolol in the prevention of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: a randomized trial. French-Speaking Club for the Study of Portal Hypertension. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 1999, Volume: 11, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Femal	1999
Propranolol stereoisomer plasma concentrations and portal haemodynamic response in patients with liver cirrhosis. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 1999, Volume: 13, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Area Under Curve; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans	1999
Endoscopic sclerotherapy plus propranolol versus propranolol alone in the primary prevention of bleeding in high risk cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices: a prospective multicenter randomized trial. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2000, Volume: 51, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Esophagoscopy; Female; Follow-Up Studie	2000
Effects of ondansetron on portal hemodynamics in liver cirrhosis. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2000, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hyperte	2000
Daily variation of azygos and portal blood flow and the effect of propranolol administration once an evening in cirrhotics. Journal of hepatology, 2001, Volume: 34, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Azygos Vein; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointest	2001
Haemodynamic effects of propranolol, octreotide and their combination during fasting and post-prandial splanchnic hyperaemia in patients with cirrhosis. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2001, Volume: 13, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Blood Flow Velocity; Catheterization, Peripheral; Double-Blind M	2001
Randomized comparison of long-term losartan versus propranolol in lowering portal pressure in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology, 2001, Volume: 121, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatinine; Female; Glomerular	2001
TIPS versus drug therapy in preventing variceal rebleeding in advanced cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2002, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health Care	2002
Total effective vascular compliance in patients with cirrhosis. Effects of propranolol. Journal of hepatology, 2002, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Compliance; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Aged;	2002
Propranolol ameliorates thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Journal of gastroenterology, 2002, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Age	2002
Effects of long-term propranolol and octreotide on postprandial hemodynamics in cirrhosis: a randomized, controlled trial. Gastroenterology, 2002, Volume: 122, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Catheterization; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hepatic Veins; Huma	2002
Acute and 7-day portal pressure response to carvedilol and propranolol in cirrhotics. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2002, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Carbazole	2002
Should neither sclerotherapy nor propranolol be used prophylactically for oesophageal varices? HPB surgery : a world journal of hepatic, pancreatic and biliary surgery, 1992, Volume: 6, Issue:2 Topics: Combined Modality Therapy; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Live	1992
Does elective sclerotherapy improve the efficacy of long-term propranolol for prevention of recurrent bleeding in patients with severe cirrhosis? A prospective multicenter, randomized trial. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1992, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Esophageal Diseases; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hemorrhage; Humans; Liv	1992
Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus propranolol in prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding in patients with child's B and C cirrhosis: a preliminary report. Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1992, Volume: 11, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis;	1992
Echo-Doppler evaluation of acute flow changes in portal hypertensive patients: flow velocity as a reliable parameter. Journal of hepatology, 1992, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Double-Blind Method; Echocardiography, Doppler; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension, Po	1992
Effect of propranolol on urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion and renal interlobar arterial blood flow after furosemide administration in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 1992, Volume: 43, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Dinoprostone; Drug Interactions; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Ag	1992
Factors associated with failure of propranolol for the prevention of first bleeding in cirrhotic patients. The Study Group of Primary Prophylaxis. Gastroenterologie clinique et biologique, 1992, Volume: 16, Issue:6-7 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Incidence; Liver Cirrhosis; Liv	1992
A randomized study of propranolol on postprandial portal hyperemia in cirrhotic patients. Gastroenterology, 1992, Volume: 102, Issue:3 Topics: Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hyperemia; Liver Circulation; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Aged; Portal	1992
A prospective randomized trial comparing repeated endoscopic sclerotherapy and propranolol in decompensated (Child class B and C) cirrhotic patients. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1992, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Aged; Propranolo	1992
Beta-adrenergic-antagonist drugs in the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. An analysis of data and prognostic factors in 589 patients from four randomized clinical trials. Franco-Italian Multicenter The New England journal of medicine, 1991, May-30, Volume: 324, Issue:22 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Ascites; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemor	1991
Propranolol in prevention of recurrent bleeding from severe portal hypertensive gastropathy in cirrhosis. Lancet (London, England), 1991, Jun-15, Volume: 337, Issue:8755 Topics: Actuarial Analysis; Acute Disease; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female; Follow-Up	1991
[Prevention of recurrent hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. Results of a controlled trial of propranolol versus endoscopic sclerotherapy]. Gastroenterologie clinique et biologique, 1991, Volume: 15, Issue:11 Topics: Actuarial Analysis; Adult; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Foll	1991
[Drug therapy of pulmonary and portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 1991, Volume: 69, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Isosorb	1991
[Prospective controlled study of elective sclerotherapy plus oral propranolol for prevention of recurrent bleeding in cirrhotics with recent variceal hemorrhage]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai zasshi = The Japanese journal of gastro-enterology, 1991, Volume: 88, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hepatic Veins; Hu	1991
The effects of selective and non-selective adrenoceptor blockade on the portal blood flow in patients with liver cirrhosis. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 1991, Volume: 26, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Atenolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Female; Humans; Labetalol; Liver Cirrhos	1991
Long-term effects of oral propranolol on splanchnic and systemic haemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis and oesophageal varices. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 1991, Volume: 26, Issue:9 Topics: Administration, Oral; Biopsy; Catheterization, Peripheral; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Follow-Up	1991
Prophylaxis of first hemorrhage from esophageal varices by sclerotherapy, propranolol or both in cirrhotic patients: a randomized multicenter trial. The PROVA Study Group. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1991, Volume: 14, Issue:6 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Inci	1991
[Primary prevention of digestive hemorrhages in cirrhotic patients]. Annales de gastroenterologie et d'hepatologie, 1990, Volume: 26, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Li	1990
Propranolol compared with propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate for portal hypertension in cirrhosis. A randomized controlled study. Annals of internal medicine, 1991, May-15, Volume: 114, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hemodynamics; Hepatic Veins; Humans; Hypertension, Portal;	1991
Prophylaxis for variceal bleeding. Gastroenterology, 1991, Volume: 100, Issue:6 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Propranolol; S	1991
A controlled trial of oral propranolol compared with injection sclerotherapy for the long-term management of variceal bleeding. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1990, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Fema	1990
Prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage: to block or not to block? The American journal of gastroenterology, 1990, Volume: 85, Issue:5 Topics: Atenolol; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Prop	1990
Hemodynamic events in a prospective randomized trial of propranolol versus placebo in the prevention of a first variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology, 1990, Volume: 99, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Double-Blind Method; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointe	1990
Preventive therapy of first gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis: results of a controlled trial comparing propranolol, endoscopic sclerotherapy and placebo. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1990, Volume: 12, Issue:6 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Esophagoscopy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhag	1990
Controlled trial of propranolol to prevent recurrent variceal bleeding in patients with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1989, May-20, Volume: 298, Issue:6684 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Vari	1989
[Prevention of recurrent hemorrhage caused by the rupture of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. A controlled study of propranolol and clip ligation of the esophagus]. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 1989, Oct-28, Volume: 18, Issue:35 Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Esophagus; Female; Gastrointe	1989
Beta-blockers in the secondary prevention of gastrointestinal haemorrhage in well-compensated cirrhotics. A multicentre randomised controlled study. Drugs, 1989, Volume: 37 Suppl 2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Atenolol; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Human	1989
Randomized controlled study of propranolol for prevention of recurrent esophageal varices bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Liver, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage	1989
Propranolol prevents first gastrointestinal bleeding in non-ascitic cirrhotic patients. Final report of a multicenter randomized trial. The Italian Multicenter Project for Propranolol in Prevention of Bleeding. Journal of hepatology, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ascites; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointesti	1989
A randomised controlled study of propranolol for prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Drugs, 1989, Volume: 37 Suppl 2 Topics: Adult; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Propranolol; Randomized C	1989
A randomised controlled trial of propranolol for the prevention of initial bleeding in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. Preliminary results. The Italian Multicenter Project for Propranolol in the Prevention of Bleeding. Drugs, 1989, Volume: 37 Suppl 2 Topics: Aged; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Humans; Hypertension, Porta	1989
Propranolol in the primary prevention of upper gastrointestinal tract haemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and oesophageal varices. Drugs, 1989, Volume: 37 Suppl 2 Topics: Aged; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis;	1989
[Propranolol in the prevention of digestive bleeding in cirrhotic patients]. Acta gastroenterologica Latinoamericana, 1989, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Ga	1989
Comparison of propranolol with injection sclerotherapy in prevention of rebleeding from oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. Drugs, 1989, Volume: 37 Suppl 2 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male;	1989
Drug therapy for portal hypertension. Annals of internal medicine, 1986, Volume: 105, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hemo	1986
Comparative haemodynamic effects of betaxolol and propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 1988, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Betaxolol; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Circulati	1988
Propranolol does not alter cerebral blood flow and functions in cirrhotic patients without previous hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Exercise; Heart Rate; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Proprano	1989
The effects of propranolol on hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 1988, Volume: 2, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hy	1988
[Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus propranolol after hemorrhage caused by rupture of esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis. Results of a 4-year randomized study]. Gastroenterologie clinique et biologique, 1988, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Male;	1988
Propranolol in the prevention of first upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and esophageal varices. The New England journal of medicine, 1987, Oct-01, Volume: 317, Issue:14 Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestina	1987
Venous, arterial, and arterialized-venous blood ammonia levels and their relationship to hepatic encephalopathy after propranolol. The American journal of gastroenterology, 1988, Volume: 83, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Arteries; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Prop	1988
A randomized clinical trial of propranolol for the prevention of initial bleeding in cirrhosis with portal hypertension. The New England journal of medicine, 1986, Jan-23, Volume: 314, Issue:4 Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Hypertension, Portal; Liver Cirrhosis	1986
[Controlled study of propranolol in the prevention of recurrent hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients]. Gastroenterologie clinique et biologique, 1987, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointe	1987
Prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding: non-surgical procedures. Clinics in gastroenterology, 1985, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Humans; Liver Circulation; Liver C	1985

propranolol and Cirrhosis, Liver