propofol and Bradycardia studies

Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.
propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.

Bradycardia: Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"This study was conducted to examine whether pretreatment with intravenous atropine could prevent bradycardia and hypotension during induction of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil in a prospective randomized placebo-controlled manner."	9.14	Can intravenous atropine prevent bradycardia and hypotension during induction of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil? ( Ariyama, J; Hayashida, M; Kitamura, A; Maruyama, K; Nakagawa, H; Nishikawa, Y, 2010)
"Succinylcholine is a popular muscle relaxant and one of its most common side effects is muscle fasciculation."	9.14	Pretreatment with remifentanil is associated with less succinylcholine-induced fasciculation. ( Arastheh, MT; Nasseri, K; Shami, S, 2010)
"Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is defined as acute bradycardia progressing to asystole combined with lipemic plasma, fatty liver enlargement, metabolic acidosis with negative base excess >10 mmol l(-1), rhabdomyolysis or myoglobinuria associated with propofol infusion."	8.85	Propofol infusion syndrome: update of clinical manifestation and pathophysiology. ( Bein, B; Fudickar, A, 2009)
"The clinical features of propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) are acute refractory bradycardia leading to asystole, in the presence of one or more of the following: metabolic acidosis (base deficit > 10 mmol."	8.84	Propofol infusion syndrome. ( Cardone, D; Kam, PC, 2007)
"As part of the development of a model for the study of adverse events, we have investigated the risk of bradycardia with propofol."	8.79	Propofol and bradycardia: causation, frequency and severity. ( McQuay, HJ; Moore, RA; Tramèr, MR, 1997)
" This report describes a case of severe bradyarrhythmia during anesthetic induction with propofol, midazolam, sufentanil, and vecuronium."	8.02	Bradyarrhythmia and hypotension during anesthetic induction-reconsideration of nifedipine: a case report. ( Zhang, X, 2021)
"Although the induction of anaesthesia with remifentanil often causes bradycardia, the relationship between the effect-site concentration (Ce) of remifentanil and instantaneous heart rate (HR) has remained unclear."	7.83	Effect-site concentrations of remifentanil causing bradycardia in hypnotic and non-hypnotic patients. ( Hayashi, K; Tanaka, A, 2016)
" Soon after opening the abdominal peritoneum, severe bradycardia (< 20 bpm) occurred, but it was effectively treated by ephedrine 16 mg."	7.72	[A case of severe bradycardia and AV block during administration of propofol]. ( Kudoh, A; Takase, H; Takazawa, T, 2003)
"Propofol may cause profound bradycardia and asystole, which are mediated indirectly via cardiac innervation but could involve direct effects on the sino-atrial (SA) node and the conducting system of the heart."	7.70	Propofol, bradycardia and the Bezold-Jarisch reflex in rabbits. ( Chakrabarti, MK; Ma, D; Whitwam, JG, 1999)
"We propose to study the bradycardia associated with propofol anesthesia."	7.69	Changes in heart rate variability under propofol anesthesia: a possible explanation for propofol-induced bradycardia. ( Deutschman, CS; Fleisher, LA; Harris, AP, 1994)
"Propofol is a widely used anesthetic drug because of its minor complication and also its fast effect."	6.77	Comparison of effects of ephedrine, lidocaine and ketamine with placebo on injection pain, hypotension and bradycardia due to propofol injection: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. ( Ayatollahi, V; Behdad, S; Kargar, S; Yavari, T, 2012)
"Propofol has been associated with severe adverse reactions in children receiving intensive care."	6.40	Lactic acidemia and bradyarrhythmia in a child sedated with propofol. ( Cox, PN; Cray, SH; Robinson, BH, 1998)
" With the increasing dose of alfentanil, the morbidity of hypotension and bradycardia increased significantly (P = 0."	5.69	A comparative study on the efficacy and safety of propofol combined with different doses of alfentanil in gastroscopy: a randomized controlled trial. ( Guan, ZY; Wang, CM; Wang, LL; Zhang, J; Zhang, YW; Zhao, P, 2023)
"Medetomidine-based premedication protocols led to various bradyarrhythmias."	5.69	Sedative effects and changes in cardiac rhythm with intravenous premedication of medetomidine, butorphanol and ketamine in dogs. ( Eberspächer-Schweda, E; Schöndorfer, B; Vogl, C, 2023)
"Remimazolam was associated with a lower rate of hypotension in elderly patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy under deep sedation/anaesthesia than propofol."	5.51	Remimazolam versus propofol for deep sedation/anaesthesia in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial. ( Fu, L; Huang, H; Huang, Y; Jiang, J; Liao, Y; Ling, W; Lu, K; Ma, C; Pan, M; Qin, Z; Ran, X; Wang, M; Wei, N; Wei, Q; Wei, S; Wei, Y; Xiong, B, 2022)
"For the treatment of bradycardia atropine sulfate should be adjusted at least to lean body weight in order to avoid paradoxical heart rate response in patients with obesity."	5.42	Atropine sulfate for treatment of bradycardia in a patient with morbid obesity: what may happen when you least expect it. ( Carron, M; Veronese, S, 2015)
" Propofol is the most widely used agent for induction of anesthesia and sedation by anesthesiologists."	5.41	Remimazolam ( Chang, Y; Chi, KY; Huang, YT, 2023)
"Both dexmedetomidine and propofol can effectively reduce anxiety levels of claustrophobic adults undergoing MRI, but dexmedetomidine takes longer to achieve adequate anxiolysis and sleep and may have an effect on image quality."	5.22	Comparing the efficacy and safety between propofol and dexmedetomidine for sedation in claustrophobic adults undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (PADAM trial). ( Ariffin, MA; Chan, L; Lai, LL; Loh, PS; Rai, V; Ramli, N, 2016)
"Dexmedetomidine did not significantly impact ICU length of stay compared with propofol, but it significantly reduced the duration of mechanical ventilation and the risk of delirium in cardiac surgical patients."	5.22	Outcomes of dexmedetomidine versus propofol sedation in critically ill adults requiring mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. ( Ali, S; Deng, J; Heybati, K; Mohananey, D; Ramakrishna, H; Villablanca, P; Zhou, F, 2022)
"Our study showed that the use of propofol resulted in less hypertension and tachycardia at and after intubation than etomidate."	5.17	Bispectral index-guided induction of general anaesthesia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery using propofol or etomidate: a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial. ( Kamenik, M; Möller Petrun, A, 2013)
"Patients scheduled to undergo ESD for early gastric cancer or adenoma were randomly assigned to sedation with midazolam or propofol, and consciousness level was evaluated by bispectral index (BIS) monitoring."	5.16	Propofol sedation with bispectral index monitoring is useful for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a randomized prospective phase II clinical trial. ( Azuma, M; Higuchi, K; Ishido, K; Katada, C; Koizumi, W; Naruke, A; Sasaki, T; Sato, A; Tanabe, S, 2012)
"This study was conducted to examine whether pretreatment with intravenous atropine could prevent bradycardia and hypotension during induction of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil in a prospective randomized placebo-controlled manner."	5.14	Can intravenous atropine prevent bradycardia and hypotension during induction of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil? ( Ariyama, J; Hayashida, M; Kitamura, A; Maruyama, K; Nakagawa, H; Nishikawa, Y, 2010)
"Succinylcholine is a popular muscle relaxant and one of its most common side effects is muscle fasciculation."	5.14	Pretreatment with remifentanil is associated with less succinylcholine-induced fasciculation. ( Arastheh, MT; Nasseri, K; Shami, S, 2010)
"To investigate clinically important hypotension and bradycardia after induction of anesthesia with propofol, we analyzed data from a Phase IV stepwise study involving 25,981 patients, 1722 institutions, and 1819 anesthesiologists."	5.07	Hemodynamic effects of propofol: data from over 25,000 patients. ( Apfelbaum, JL; Grasela, TH; Hug, CC; McLeskey, CH; Nahrwold, ML; Roizen, MF; Stanley, TH; Thisted, RA; Walawander, CA; White, PF, 1993)
"Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is defined as acute bradycardia progressing to asystole combined with lipemic plasma, fatty liver enlargement, metabolic acidosis with negative base excess >10 mmol l(-1), rhabdomyolysis or myoglobinuria associated with propofol infusion."	4.85	Propofol infusion syndrome: update of clinical manifestation and pathophysiology. ( Bein, B; Fudickar, A, 2009)
"The clinical features of propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) are acute refractory bradycardia leading to asystole, in the presence of one or more of the following: metabolic acidosis (base deficit > 10 mmol."	4.84	Propofol infusion syndrome. ( Cardone, D; Kam, PC, 2007)
"As part of the development of a model for the study of adverse events, we have investigated the risk of bradycardia with propofol."	4.79	Propofol and bradycardia: causation, frequency and severity. ( McQuay, HJ; Moore, RA; Tramèr, MR, 1997)
"The objective of this study was to compare the development of clinically significant hypotension or bradycardia (ie, negative hemodynamic event) between critically ill adults receiving sedation with ketamine and either propofol or dexmedetomidine."	4.12	Hemodynamic Effects of Ketamine Compared With Propofol or Dexmedetomidine as Continuous ICU Sedation. ( Atchley, E; Bauer, A; Benken, S; Meyer, R; Pulver, M; Tesoro, E, 2022)
" This report describes a case of severe bradyarrhythmia during anesthetic induction with propofol, midazolam, sufentanil, and vecuronium."	4.02	Bradyarrhythmia and hypotension during anesthetic induction-reconsideration of nifedipine: a case report. ( Zhang, X, 2021)
"To compare the development of clinically significant hemodynamic event (ie, hypotension or bradycardia) in adults with septic shock receiving either propofol or dexmedetomidine."	3.96	Effects From Continuous Infusions of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol on Hemodynamic Stability in Critically Ill Adult Patients With Septic Shock. ( Hammond, DA; Nelson, KM; Patel, GP, 2020)
"Arrhythmias, Cardiac ischemia, Cardiovascular toxicity, Propofol."	3.88	Propofol: a safe anaesthetic drug in experimental cardiac surgery in rabbits. ( Barbieri, A; Farinetti, A; Giuliani, E; Manenti, A; Mattioli, AV, 2018)
"Although the induction of anaesthesia with remifentanil often causes bradycardia, the relationship between the effect-site concentration (Ce) of remifentanil and instantaneous heart rate (HR) has remained unclear."	3.83	Effect-site concentrations of remifentanil causing bradycardia in hypnotic and non-hypnotic patients. ( Hayashi, K; Tanaka, A, 2016)
"Patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies can be treated well with the cholinesterase inhibitors rivastigmine or donepezil, and because of the increasing number of these patients undergoing surgery in general anaesthesia we find it urgent to draw attention to possible complications such as severe bradycardia or third-degree heart block when propofol and remifentanil are being used."	3.81	[Severe bradycardia in general anaesthesia in a patient treated with cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia]. ( Ferguson, AH; Jellinge, ME, 2015)
"In this case of 43-old Caucasian male, propofol boluses aborted the trigeminal cardiac reflex (TCR) induced severe bradycardia during dural manipulation."	3.81	Severe Bradycardia During Neurosurgical Procedure: Depth of Anesthesia Matters and Leads to a New Surrogate Model of the Trigeminocardiac Reflex: A Case Report. ( Ahuja, N; Chowdhury, T; Schaller, B, 2015)
"Severe hypotension and bradycardia occur at similar prevalence in neurocritical care patients who receive dexmedetomidine or propofol."	3.80	A comparison of severe hemodynamic disturbances between dexmedetomidine and propofol for sedation in neurocritical care patients. ( Doepker, BA; Elijovich, L; Erdman, MJ; Gerlach, AT; Jones, GM; Phillips, GS, 2014)
"Recorded files of patients from the two clinics were compared in terms of ECT indications, number and duration of seizures, and anesthetic agents used (propofol vs."	3.79	Comparing ECT data of two different inpatient clinics: propofol or thiopental? ( Bosgelmez, S; Karabulut, U; Kirpinar, I; Tas, HI; Yazici, AB; Yazici, E; Yildiz, M, 2013)
"Propofol is commonly used to induce anesthesia but has been associated with some negative cardiovascular side effects, including negative inotropy, hypotension, and bradycardia."	3.77	The intravenous anesthetic propofol inhibits human L-type calcium channels by enhancing voltage-dependent inactivation. ( Elmslie, KS; Fassl, J; High, KM; Stephenson, ER; Yarotskyy, V, 2011)
"Propofol appears to have the ability to modify the activity of human atrial MCRs and this effect may be related to its ability to induce bradycardia."	3.74	[Propofol-induced myocardial depression: possible role of atrial muscarinic cholinergic receptors]. ( Aguero Peña, RE; Bonfante-Cabarcas, RA; Granado Duque, AE; Pascuzzo-Lima, C, 2008)
" The adverse event (AE) rate was 18% and included apnea (10%), inadequate sedation (3%), bradycardia (2%), desaturation (1%), hypotension (1%) and bag-valve-mask use (1%)."	3.73	Emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia: A Canadian Community Effectiveness and Safety Study (ACCESS). ( Mensour, M; Michaud, J; Pineau, R; Sahai, V, 2006)
" Soon after opening the abdominal peritoneum, severe bradycardia (< 20 bpm) occurred, but it was effectively treated by ephedrine 16 mg."	3.72	[A case of severe bradycardia and AV block during administration of propofol]. ( Kudoh, A; Takase, H; Takazawa, T, 2003)
"Bradycardia during propofol anesthesia is well known, but bradycardia after propofol anesthesia has not been studied well."	3.70	[Intra- and postoperative heart rate changes following propofol anesthesia; a comparison with isoflurane anesthesia]. ( Ishida, H; Kawashima, S; Miyawaki, H; Muranaka, K; Seo, K; Shinokuma, T, 2000)
"Propofol may cause profound bradycardia and asystole, which are mediated indirectly via cardiac innervation but could involve direct effects on the sino-atrial (SA) node and the conducting system of the heart."	3.70	Propofol, bradycardia and the Bezold-Jarisch reflex in rabbits. ( Chakrabarti, MK; Ma, D; Whitwam, JG, 1999)
"We propose to study the bradycardia associated with propofol anesthesia."	3.69	Changes in heart rate variability under propofol anesthesia: a possible explanation for propofol-induced bradycardia. ( Deutschman, CS; Fleisher, LA; Harris, AP, 1994)
" The primary outcome was the incidence of intraoperative cardiopulmonary adverse events (a composite outcome of hypotension, bradycardia and hypoxemia)."	3.30	Cardiopulmonary Adverse Events of Remimazolam versus Propofol During Cervical Conization: A Randomized Controlled Trial. ( Huang, Z; Ma, L; Mu, X; Nie, H; Wang, L; Wang, Y; Zheng, Z, 2023)
"Remimazolam is an ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine that is potentially a practical option for procedural sedation in colonoscopy."	3.11	Discharge readiness after remimazolam versus propofol for colonoscopy: A randomised, double-blind trial. ( Chen, L; Fu, B; Guan, J; Liu, L; Yao, Y; Zheng, X, 2022)
"Remimazolam is a new type of benzodiazepine drug, with supposed advantages of rapid induction, rapid recovery, stable hemodynamics, and mild respiratory inhibition."	3.01	Effect of remimazolam induction on hemodynamics in patients undergoing valve replacement surgery: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. ( Chen, J; Chen, Y; He, F; Lai, T; Liu, T; Lu, Y; Xie, Y, 2021)
"16."	2.82	Etomidate plus propofol versus propofol alone for sedation during gastroscopy: a randomized prospective clinical trial. ( Chen, LM; Chen, M; Gan, GS; Ji, M; Li, BX; Song, XY; Tao, J; Wu, MC; Zhang, S; Zhang, YH; Zhou, X, 2016)
" Propofol-based sedation is simple, easy to use, and effective, but is not without cardiovascular and respiratory adverse effects."	2.82	A randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety profile of a dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination with a propofol-fentanyl combination for ERCP. ( Goyal, R; Hasnain, S; Mittal, S; Shreevastava, S, 2016)
"To assess the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on propofol dosage in target-controlled infusion (TCI) and hemodynamics in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia."	2.80	[Effects of dexmedetomidine on propofol dosage in target-controlled infusion and hemodynamics during laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia]. ( Liang, FG; Ouyang, MW; Wang, HT, 2015)
"Propofol does not increase complications even in a collective with pre-existing impairment of LVEF."	2.79	Minimal and deep sedation during ablation of ventricular tachycardia. ( Attanasio, P; Blaschke, F; Boldt, LH; Haverkamp, W; Huemer, M; Loehr, L; Mueller, A; Parwani, AS; Storm, C; Wutzler, A, 2014)
"Metabolic acidosis is regarded as an early warning sign of PRIS."	2.78	Effect of propofol and sevoflurane on acid-base balance during pediatric heart catheterization. ( Bein, B; Dütschke, P; Ensenauer, R; Fischer, G; Fudickar, A; Smigaj, K; Steinfath, M, 2013)
"Propofol is a widely used anesthetic drug because of its minor complication and also its fast effect."	2.77	Comparison of effects of ephedrine, lidocaine and ketamine with placebo on injection pain, hypotension and bradycardia due to propofol injection: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. ( Ayatollahi, V; Behdad, S; Kargar, S; Yavari, T, 2012)
"Patients with liver cirrhosis frequently undergo diagnostic or therapeutic upper GI endoscopy (UGIE), and the liver disease might impair the metabolism of drugs usually administered for sedation."	2.76	Sedation during upper GI endoscopy in cirrhotic outpatients: a randomized, controlled trial comparing propofol and fentanyl with midazolam and fentanyl. ( Bonilha, DQ; Brito, JR; Correia, LM; Ferrari, AP; Gomes, GF; Lenz, L; Libera, ED; Nakao, FS; Rohr, MR, 2011)
"Propofol was administered in a bolus of 1 mg/kg, followed by additional doses of 0."	2.71	Propofol for procedural sedation in children in the emergency department. ( Anderson, JL; Bassett, KE; Guenther, E; Pribble, CG, 2003)
"Fentanyl was continued at the designated rate through the initial postoperative phase."	2.71	Effect-site concentration of propofol for recovery of consciousness is virtually independent of fentanyl effect-site concentration. ( Iwakiri, H; Matsukawa, T; Nagata, O; Ozaki, M; Sessler, DI, 2003)
"63 microg x kg(-1) caused a reduction in the overall concentration and dose of propofol required to produce loss of consciousness, but no significant shift in the dose-response curve compared with other studies."	2.70	The effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine premedication on the dose requirement of propofol to induce loss of consciousness in patients receiving alfentanil. ( Cloote, AH; Peden, CJ; Prys-Roberts, C; Stratford, N, 2001)
"Glycopyrrolate was given to significantly more patients in group III (P < 0."	2.68	A comparison of propofol and isoflurane anaesthesia: the need for ephedrine and glycopyrrolate. ( Eintrei, C; Granfeldt, H; Jensen, AG; Kalman, SH; Nyström, PO, 1995)
"Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic that exerts its actions through agonism of GABAA receptors at a different binding site than benzodiazepines and reduces glutamatergic activity through N-methyl-d-aspartase (NMDA) receptor blockade."	2.53	Propofol for Treatment of Refractory Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: A Review of the Literature. ( Brotherton, AL; Hamilton, EP; Hammond, DA; Kloss, HG, 2016)
"Midazolam was associated with the deterioration of psychometric scores for a longer period than propofol."	2.52	Propofol versus midazolam for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in cirrhotic patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ( Chen, CY; Chen, TL; Ko, CL; Lin, YC; Lou, HY; Tam, KW; Tsai, HC, 2015)
"Propofol is a potent intravenous anesthetic agent that rapidly induces sedation and unconsciousness."	2.47	Clinical effects and lethal and forensic aspects of propofol. ( Levy, RJ, 2011)
"Propofol is an appealing agent for ICU sedation due to it's pharmacokinetic profile and a reduced propensity to result in prolonged sedation."	2.46	Optimizing sustained use of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients: focus on safety. ( Arnold, HM; Hollands, JM; Mice, ST; Skrupky, LP, 2010)
"Propofol is a short-acting intravenous anesthetic commonly utilised in the intensive care unit (ICU) for sedation of mechanically ventilated patients."	2.40	Propofol for sedation in the intensive care unit: essentials for the clinician. ( Marinella, MA, 1997)
"Propofol has been associated with severe adverse reactions in children receiving intensive care."	2.40	Lactic acidemia and bradyarrhythmia in a child sedated with propofol. ( Cox, PN; Cray, SH; Robinson, BH, 1998)
"Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic agent commonly used intraoperatively as well as in the intensive care unit."	1.62	Propofol-induced uric acid crystals: A case of cloudy urine. ( Baumgarten, A; Newton, M, 2021)
"Bradycardia was experienced by 11."	1.56	Use of Propofol Plus Dexmedetomidine in Patients Experiencing Severe Alcohol Withdrawal in the Intensive Care Unit. ( Love, K; Zimmermann, AE, 2020)
" Adverse effect profiles and clinical outcome, in the cohorts are largely similar."	1.56	DEXmedetomidine compared to PROpofol in NEurocritical Care [DEXPRONE]: A multicenter retrospective evaluation of clinical utility and safety. ( Armahizer, MJ; Heavner, MS; Kurczewski, L; Maciel, CB; Owusu, KA; Zichichi, A, 2020)
"Propofol Ce was simulated by inputting the propofol administration profiles of patients into a pediatric compartmental model (Choi model)."	1.46	A Simulation Study of Propofol Effect-Site Concentration for Appropriate Sedation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Brain MRI: Pharmacodynamic Analysis. ( Byon, HJ; Han, DW; Jung, HH; Kim, SY; Na, SH; Song, Y, 2017)
"For the treatment of bradycardia atropine sulfate should be adjusted at least to lean body weight in order to avoid paradoxical heart rate response in patients with obesity."	1.42	Atropine sulfate for treatment of bradycardia in a patient with morbid obesity: what may happen when you least expect it. ( Carron, M; Veronese, S, 2015)
"Cardiac arrhythmias were observed in 21 (53·8%) dogs."	1.40	Management and complications of anaesthesia during balloon valvuloplasty for pulmonic stenosis in dogs: 39 cases (2000 to 2012). ( Monteiro-Steagall, BP; Ramos, RV; Steagall, PV, 2014)
"Propofol was the sole sedative used."	1.40	Same-day bidirectional endoscopy with nonanesthesiologist administration of propofol: safety and cost-effectiveness compared with separated exams. ( Angueira, T; Arias, Á; Chumillas, O; Fernández-Fuente, M; Fernández-Ordóñez, M; González-Castillo, S; Guagnozzi, D; Lucendo, AJ; Sánchez-Cazalilla, M; Serrano-Valverde, M; Tenías, JM, 2014)
"Propofol was administered via intermittent i."	1.38	Endoscopist-administered propofol sedation is safe - a prospective evaluation of 10,000 patients in an outpatient practice. ( Friedrich, K; Sieg, A; Stremmel, W, 2012)
"To provide data on the epidemiology of adverse events during sedation for endoscopy."	1.37	Adverse events during monitored anesthesia care for GI endoscopy: an 8-year experience. ( Agostoni, M; Beretta, L; Fanti, L; Gemma, M; Pasculli, N; Testoni, PA, 2011)
"Propofol was administered by continuous intravenous infusion to achieve deep sedation."	1.37	Safety of continuous propofol sedation for endoscopic procedures in elderly patients. ( Aparicio, JR; Casellas, JA; Compañy, L; Gómez-Escolar, L; Martínez, JF; Mozas, I; Ruiz, F, 2011)
" General anaesthesia was effective in 100% of cases with a dosage of propofol, ranging between 20 mg to a maximum of 80 mg, after 5 mg of midazolam was administered."	1.36	General anaesthesia for external electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: experience of an exclusively cardiological procedural management. ( Angheben, C; Bergamini, C; Cicoira, M; Lanza, D; Morani, G; Pozzani, L; Tomasi, L; Vassanelli, C, 2010)
"Where hypotension was present, the method of and response to treatment was recorded."	1.36	A comparison of anesthetic complications between diabetic and nondiabetic dogs undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery: a retrospective study. ( Clark, L; Corletto, F; Gould, DJ; Oliver, JA, 2010)
"Patients who have silent sick sinus syndrome (SSS) can show various unexpected arrhythmias during surgery."	1.34	Prolonged cardiac arrest unveiled silent sick sinus syndrome during general and epidural anesthesia. ( Ishida, R; Kishimoto, T; Saito, Y; Sakura, S; Shido, A, 2007)
"Propofol did not produce direct effects on the electrophysiological or electrocardiographical variables at any infusion rates."	1.30	Propofol does not affect the canine cardiac conduction system under autonomic blockade. ( Akazawa, S; Ikeno, S; Inoue, S; Ishii, R; Nakaigawa, Y; Satoh, M; Shimizu, R, 1999)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	3 (2.61)	18.7374
1990's	19 (16.52)	18.2507
2000's	25 (21.74)	29.6817
2010's	52 (45.22)	24.3611
2020's	16 (13.91)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Efficacy of Oxycodone-propofol Combination Compared With a Fentanyl-propofol Combination on Conscious Sedation Effect and Early Cognitive Function During Therapeutic Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-pancreatography:a Prospective,Randomized, Single- Blinded[NCT03755609]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-06-01	Recruiting
Effect of General Anesthesia With Remimazolam Versus Propofol on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients[NCT06180876]		190 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-25	Recruiting
Postoperative Effects of Propofol or Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Egyptian Patients[NCT05289349]		44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-01	Completed
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Open Label, Assessor-Blinded Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Isoflurane Delivered Via the Sedaconda ACD-S Compared to Intravenous Propofol for Sedation of Mechanically Ventilated Intensi[NCT05327296]	Phase 3	235 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-30	Recruiting
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Open Label, Assessor-Blinded Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Isoflurane Delivered Via the Sedaconda ACD-S Compared to Intravenous Propofol for Sedation of Mechanically Ventilated Intensi[NCT05312385]	Phase 3	235 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-28	Recruiting
Early Goal-Directed Sedation Compared With Standard Care in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients: a Prospective Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial[NCT01728558]	Phase 3	4,000 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam for Sedation in ICU Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation: a Single Center, Randomized, Controlled, Non-inferiority Trial[NCT04815265]	Phase 4	488 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-01	Not yet recruiting
The Optimal Sequence in Same-day Bidirectional Endoscopy Under Deep Anesthesia Induced by Propofol Combined With Fentanyl: A Prospective Randomized Controlled ,Two Centers Trial[NCT04973878]		544 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-07-30	Not yet recruiting
Preoperative Dexmedetomidine Reduces the EC50 of Propofol for Successful i-gelTM Insertion Without Muscle Relaxants[NCT02097407]	Phase 4	37 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-31	Completed
The Use of Transcranial Focused Ultrasound for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Dementias[NCT04250376]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-11-27	Enrolling by invitation
Lymphatic System Health in Alzheimer's Disease[NCT04205539]	Phase 1	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-10	Withdrawn (stopped due to Pending COVID-19 pandemic)
A Randomized, Controlled Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety Profile of a Remimazolam-alfentanil Combination With a Propofol-alfentanil Combination for ERCP[NCT04658173]		1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-12-22	Recruiting
"Hemodynamic Stability During Induction of General Anesthesia With Propofol and Remifentanil: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind Study Comparing Medium and Low Remifentanil Doses."[NCT03861377]	Phase 4	99 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-09	Completed
Respiratory Effect of the LISA (Less Invasive Surfactant Administration) Method With Sedation by Propofol Versus Absence of Sedation: Double-blind Comparative Randomized Clinical Trial.[NCT04016246]	Phase 3	542 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-10-07	Recruiting
The Use of Sedation Drugs in the Procedure of Administering Surfactant Without Intubation (LISA/MIST): a Randomized Study Comparing Intravenous Ketamine With Sublingual 30% Glucose[NCT04409665]	Phase 1	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-01-01	Recruiting
Dexmedetomidine for LISA Procedure in Preterm Infants: a Pilot Study[NCT04820101]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-15	Not yet recruiting
Comparison of Intubation Conditions After Induction With Propofol Associated With a Dose of Remifentanil or Sufentanil in Surgical Tooth Extraction.[NCT01910285]	Phase 4	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
The Study of Ciprofol for the Suppression of Cardiovascular Responses to Tracheal[NCT06095570]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-23	Recruiting
An Observer Rating Scale of Facial Expression Can Predict Dreaming in Propofol Anesthesia[NCT04235894]		124 participants (Actual)	Observational	2016-09-07	Completed
Nasal Inhalation of Sevoflurane Versus Midazolm,Ketamine and Propofol For Pediatric Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy[NCT05474937]		74 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-06-01	Recruiting
Bispectral Index Monitoring for Sedation in Elective Colonoscopies of Adult Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03453359]		180 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-28	Completed
Validity of Pain Threshold Index Based on Electroencephalogram for Pediatric Patients Under General Anesthesia[NCT03622242]		180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-13	Recruiting
The Effect of SPI (Surgical Pleth Index) - Guided Anaesthesia Versus Conventional Analgesia on Opioid Consumption Under Multimodal Analgesia in Gastric Sleeve Surgery[NCT05884229]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-01	Recruiting
Impact of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine on Long-term Outcomes in Elderly Patients After Cardiac Surgery: 6-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03289325]		285 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-05	Completed
Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Long-term Outcome in Elderly Patients After Noncardiac Surgery: 3-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT02809937]	Phase 4	700 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
Impact of Dexmedetomidine on Long-term Outcome in Elderly Patients After Noncardiac Surgery: 5-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03436472]		700 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-01	Completed
Comparison of Leg Elevation and Leg Wrapping in the Prevention of Propofol Induced Hypotension: A Prospective Randomised Controlled Study[NCT02845921]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Recruiting
Comparison of the Effects of Total Intravenous Anesthesia and Inhalation Anesthesia on Lymphocytes in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Cancer Resection and the Mechanism Involved: a Single-center, Randomized, Prospective Study[NCT03193710]		260 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2017-09-01	Recruiting
Effect of Dexmedetomidine of Gastrointestinal Motility[NCT04798482]	Phase 4	22 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-09-14	Completed
[NCT02315482]		52 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Completed
Evaluation of the Changes of Pleth Variability Index During Preoxygenation for Predicting Hypotension During Induction of Anesthesia in Surgical Patients; Prospective Observational Study[NCT04991220]		96 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-30	Not yet recruiting
Effect of Ringer Lactate Preloading on Induction Dose Requirement of Propofol and Its Haemodynamic Stability at a Tertiary Center[NCT05777135]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-01	Recruiting
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam as Intramuscular Premedication for Suspension Laryngoscopy[NCT01937611]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-03-31	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
Outcomes of dexmedetomidine versus propofol sedation in critically ill adults requiring mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. British journal of anaesthesia, 2022, Volume: 129, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Bradycardia; Critical Illness; Delirium; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; In	2022
Remimazolam PeerJ, 2023, Volume: 11 Topics: Anesthesia; Benzodiazepines; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Dizziness; Humans; Hypotension; Pain;	2023
Propofol versus midazolam for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in cirrhotic patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PloS one, 2015, Volume: 10, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Bradycardia; Deep Sedation; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Fibrosis; Hepat	2015
Alpha-2 agonists for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jan-06, Volume: 1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Bradycardia; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Critical Il	2015
Alpha-2 agonists for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jan-06, Volume: 1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Bradycardia; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Critical Il	2015
Alpha-2 agonists for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jan-06, Volume: 1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Bradycardia; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Critical Il	2015
Alpha-2 agonists for long-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jan-06, Volume: 1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Bradycardia; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Critical Il	2015
Propofol for Treatment of Refractory Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: A Review of the Literature. Pharmacotherapy, 2016, Volume: 36, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Bradycardia;	2016
Propofol infusion syndrome: update of clinical manifestation and pathophysiology. Minerva anestesiologica, 2009, Volume: 75, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Acute Disease; Adult; Age Factors; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Bradycardia; Brain I	2009
Optimizing sustained use of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients: focus on safety. Current drug safety, 2010, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Bradycardia; Critical Care; Dexmedetomidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Monitoring; Huma	2010
Adverse drug events associated with the use of analgesics, sedatives, and antipsychotics in the intensive care unit. Critical care medicine, 2010, Volume: 38, Issue:6 Suppl Topics: Acidosis; Analgesics; Antipsychotic Agents; Bradycardia; Cardiovascular Diseases; Critical Care; Dru	2010
Clinical effects and lethal and forensic aspects of propofol. Journal of forensic sciences, 2011, Volume: 56 Suppl 1 Topics: Accidents; Acidosis; Acute Kidney Injury; Bacteremia; Bradycardia; Drug Overdose; Dyslipidemias; For	2011
Propofol infusion syndrome. Anaesthesia, 2007, Volume: 62, Issue:7 Topics: Acidosis; Adolescent; Adult; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Biomarkers; Bradycardia; Child; Child, Presch	2007
Propofol and bradycardia: causation, frequency and severity. British journal of anaesthesia, 1997, Volume: 78, Issue:6 Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Controlled Clinical	1997
Propofol for sedation in the intensive care unit: essentials for the clinician. Respiratory medicine, 1997, Volume: 91, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Bradycardia; Critical Care; Drug Administration Schedule; Half-Life; Humans; Hyp	1997
Propofol toxicity in critically ill pediatric patients: show us the proof. Critical care medicine, 1998, Volume: 26, Issue:12 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Child; Child, Preschool; Conscious Sedation	1998
Lactic acidemia and bradyarrhythmia in a child sedated with propofol. Critical care medicine, 1998, Volume: 26, Issue:12 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Fatty Liver; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Hypnotics a	1998

Article	Year
Discharge readiness after remimazolam versus propofol for colonoscopy: A randomised, double-blind trial. European journal of anaesthesiology, 2022, 12-01, Volume: 39, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Bradycardia; Colonoscopy; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; Mida	2022
Remimazolam versus propofol for deep sedation/anaesthesia in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, 2022, Volume: 47, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia; Benzodiazepines; Bradycardia; Deep Sedation; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Female;	2022
A comparative study on the efficacy and safety of propofol combined with different doses of alfentanil in gastroscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of anesthesia, 2023, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Alfentanil; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Dizziness; Gastroscopy; Humans; Hypotension; Hypo	2023
A comparative study on the efficacy and safety of propofol combined with different doses of alfentanil in gastroscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of anesthesia, 2023, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Alfentanil; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Dizziness; Gastroscopy; Humans; Hypotension; Hypo	2023
A comparative study on the efficacy and safety of propofol combined with different doses of alfentanil in gastroscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of anesthesia, 2023, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Alfentanil; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Dizziness; Gastroscopy; Humans; Hypotension; Hypo	2023
A comparative study on the efficacy and safety of propofol combined with different doses of alfentanil in gastroscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of anesthesia, 2023, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Alfentanil; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Dizziness; Gastroscopy; Humans; Hypotension; Hypo	2023
Sedative effects and changes in cardiac rhythm with intravenous premedication of medetomidine, butorphanol and ketamine in dogs. Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia, 2023, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Bradycardia; Butorphanol; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Heart Rate; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Ketamine	2023
Cardiopulmonary Adverse Events of Remimazolam versus Propofol During Cervical Conization: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Drug design, development and therapy, 2023, Volume: 17 Topics: Alfentanil; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Benzodiazepines; Bradycardia; Conization; Humans; Hypotension;	2023
Efficacy of an Oxycodone-Propofol Combination versus a Fentanyl-Propofol Combination in Conscious Sedation during Therapeutic Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Elderly Patients. Gerontology, 2021, Volume: 67, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Cholangiopancreatography, E	2021
Effect of remimazolam induction on hemodynamics in patients undergoing valve replacement surgery: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Pharmacology research & perspectives, 2021, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Aortic Valve; Arterial Pressure; Benzodiazepines; Bradycardia	2021
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Early Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Patients. The New England journal of medicine, 2019, 06-27, Volume: 380, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combi	2019
Effect of propofol and sevoflurane on acid-base balance during pediatric heart catheterization. Minerva anestesiologica, 2013, Volume: 79, Issue:6 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adolescent; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bloo	2013
Minimal and deep sedation during ablation of ventricular tachycardia. International journal of cardiology, 2014, Mar-01, Volume: 172, Issue:1 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Catheter Ablation; Conscious Sedation; Deep Sedation; Feasibilit	2014
The median effective dose of dexmedetomidine for laryngeal mask airway insertion with propofol 2.0 mg/kg. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2014, Volume: 58, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthetics, Intr	2014
A randomized controlled trial of the effect of preoperative dexmedetomidine on the half maximal effective concentration of propofol for successful i-gel insertion without muscle relaxants. Journal of anesthesia, 2015, Volume: 29, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Bradycardia; Cough; Dexmedetomidine; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypoten	2015
A randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety profile of a dexmedetomidine-ketamine combination with a propofol-fentanyl combination for ERCP. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2016, Volume: 83, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Analgesia; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia Recover	2016
[Effects of dexmedetomidine on propofol dosage in target-controlled infusion and hemodynamics during laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia]. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University, 2015, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Dexmedetomidine; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Humans;	2015
Etomidate plus propofol versus propofol alone for sedation during gastroscopy: a randomized prospective clinical trial. Surgical endoscopy, 2016, Volume: 30, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Attitude of Health Personnel; Bradycardia; Drug Therapy, Combinatio	2016
Comparing the efficacy and safety between propofol and dexmedetomidine for sedation in claustrophobic adults undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (PADAM trial). Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2016, Volume: 34 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Dexmedetomidine; Double-Blind Method; Female;	2016
Combined use of dexmedetomidine and propofol in monitored anesthesia care: a randomized controlled study. BMC anesthesiology, 2017, 03-01, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Dexmedetomidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy,	2017
[Propofol administration systems. Handling, hemodynamics and propofol consumption]. Der Anaesthesist, 2009, Volume: 58, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Blood Pr	2009
Can intravenous atropine prevent bradycardia and hypotension during induction of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil? Journal of anesthesia, 2010, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Atropine; Bradycardia; Female; Human	2010
Pretreatment with remifentanil is associated with less succinylcholine-induced fasciculation. Middle East journal of anaesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Double-Bli	2010
Dose-dependent hemodynamic effects of propofol induction following brotizolam premedication in hypertensive patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2010, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Azepines; Blood Pre	2010
Sedation during upper GI endoscopy in cirrhotic outpatients: a randomized, controlled trial comparing propofol and fentanyl with midazolam and fentanyl. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2011, Volume: 73, Issue:1 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Deep Sedation; Endo	2011
Bispectral index monitoring of midazolam and propofol sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a randomized clinical trial (the EndoBIS study). Endoscopy, 2012, Volume: 44, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Bradycardia; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscop	2012
Propofol sedation with bispectral index monitoring is useful for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a randomized prospective phase II clinical trial. Endoscopy, 2012, Volume: 44, Issue:6 Topics: Adenoma; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Chi-Square Distribution; Co	2012
Correlation of surgical pleth index with stress hormones during propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia. TheScientificWorldJournal, 2012, Volume: 2012 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intraven	2012
Correlation of surgical pleth index with stress hormones during propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia. TheScientificWorldJournal, 2012, Volume: 2012 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intraven	2012
Correlation of surgical pleth index with stress hormones during propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia. TheScientificWorldJournal, 2012, Volume: 2012 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intraven	2012
Correlation of surgical pleth index with stress hormones during propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia. TheScientificWorldJournal, 2012, Volume: 2012 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intraven	2012
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for suspension laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; De	2013
Comparison of effects of ephedrine, lidocaine and ketamine with placebo on injection pain, hypotension and bradycardia due to propofol injection: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. Acta medica Iranica, 2012, Volume: 50, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Double-Blind Method; Ephedrine; Female; Humans; Hypote	2012
Bispectral index-guided induction of general anaesthesia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery using propofol or etomidate: a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial. British journal of anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 110, Issue:3 Topics: Abdomen; Abdominal Neoplasms; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Arterial P	2013
Bispectral index-guided induction of general anaesthesia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery using propofol or etomidate: a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial. British journal of anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 110, Issue:3 Topics: Abdomen; Abdominal Neoplasms; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Arterial P	2013
Bispectral index-guided induction of general anaesthesia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery using propofol or etomidate: a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial. British journal of anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 110, Issue:3 Topics: Abdomen; Abdominal Neoplasms; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Arterial P	2013
Bispectral index-guided induction of general anaesthesia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery using propofol or etomidate: a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial. British journal of anaesthesia, 2013, Volume: 110, Issue:3 Topics: Abdomen; Abdominal Neoplasms; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Arterial P	2013
Effect-site concentration of propofol for recovery of consciousness is virtually independent of fentanyl effect-site concentration. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2003, Volume: 96, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Atropine; Bradycardia; Female; Fentanyl	2003
Propofol for procedural sedation in children in the emergency department. Annals of emergency medicine, 2003, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adolescent; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Combined; Bradycardia; Child; Ch	2003
Propofol sedation by emergency physicians for elective pediatric outpatient procedures. Annals of emergency medicine, 2003, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adolescent; Adult; Ambulatory Care; Bradycardia; Child; Child, Preschool; Cli	2003
Cost-effectiveness and high patient satisfaction in the elderly: sevoflurane versus propofol anaesthesia. European journal of anaesthesiology, 2004, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intrav	2004
Anaesthesia for day case excisional breast biopsy: propofol-remifentanil compared with sevoflurane-nitrous oxide. European journal of anaesthesiology, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics,	2008
A comparison of propofol and isoflurane anaesthesia: the need for ephedrine and glycopyrrolate. European journal of anaesthesiology, 1995, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intraven	1995
Hemodynamic effects of propofol: data from over 25,000 patients. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1993, Volume: 77, Issue:4 Suppl Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Female; Humans; Hy	1993
Hemodynamic effects of propofol: data from over 25,000 patients. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1993, Volume: 77, Issue:4 Suppl Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Female; Humans; Hy	1993
Hemodynamic effects of propofol: data from over 25,000 patients. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1993, Volume: 77, Issue:4 Suppl Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Female; Humans; Hy	1993
Hemodynamic effects of propofol: data from over 25,000 patients. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1993, Volume: 77, Issue:4 Suppl Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Female; Humans; Hy	1993
QT interval, heart rate and arterial pressures using propofol, thiopentone or methohexitone for induction of anaesthesia in children. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1993, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Child, Preschool; Electrocardiograph	1993
The effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine premedication on the dose requirement of propofol to induce loss of consciousness in patients receiving alfentanil. Anaesthesia, 2001, Volume: 56, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Alfentanil; Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Intrave	2001

Article	Year
Hemodynamic Effects of Ketamine Compared With Propofol or Dexmedetomidine as Continuous ICU Sedation. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2022, Volume: 56, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Bradycardia; Dexmedetomidine; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; Int	2022
Comparison of Standard-Dose Versus High-Dose Dexmedetomidine in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2023, Volume: 57, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Bradycardia; Dexmedetomidine; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans; Hypnot	2023
Use of Propofol Plus Dexmedetomidine in Patients Experiencing Severe Alcohol Withdrawal in the Intensive Care Unit. Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2020, Volume: 60, Issue:4 Topics: Alcoholism; Bradycardia; Critical Care; Dexmedetomidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans;	2020
DEXmedetomidine compared to PROpofol in NEurocritical Care [DEXPRONE]: A multicenter retrospective evaluation of clinical utility and safety. Journal of critical care, 2020, Volume: 60 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Critical Care; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Female; Humans; Hypnotic	2020
Propofol-induced uric acid crystals: A case of cloudy urine. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2021, Volume: 31, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Child; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Propofol; Uric	2021
Bradyarrhythmia and hypotension during anesthetic induction-reconsideration of nifedipine: a case report. The Journal of international medical research, 2021, Volume: 49, Issue:8 Topics: Anesthetics; Bradycardia; Humans; Hypotension; Nifedipine; Propofol	2021
A Simulation Study of Propofol Effect-Site Concentration for Appropriate Sedation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Brain MRI: Pharmacodynamic Analysis. Yonsei medical journal, 2017, Volume: 58, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Brain; Child; Dose-Response Relations	2017
Effects of propofol or sevoflurane anesthesia on the perioperative inflammatory response, pulmonary function and cognitive function in patients receiving lung cancer resection. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences, 2017, Volume: 21, Issue:23 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthetics; Bradycardia; Cognition; Female; Humans; Interleukin-10; Interl	2017
Propofol: a safe anaesthetic drug in experimental cardiac surgery in rabbits. Annali italiani di chirurgia, 2018, Volume: 89 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Ar	2018
Vaginal incision during total laparoscopic hysterectomy may cause severe bradycardia and cardiac arrest. Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology, 2018, Volume: 57, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hysterectomy, Vaginal; Intraope	2018
Effects From Continuous Infusions of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol on Hemodynamic Stability in Critically Ill Adult Patients With Septic Shock. Journal of intensive care medicine, 2020, Volume: 35, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bradycardia; Critical Care; Critical Care Outcomes; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine;	2020
The Effects of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy in the Prevention of Depressive Effects of Propofol on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems: An Experimental Animal Study. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2018, Dec-25, Volume: 55, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Heart Ra	2018
The use of propofol to prevent fetal deceleration during electroconvulsive therapy treatment. The journal of ECT, 2013, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bipolar Disorder; Bradycardia; Female; Fetal Diseases; Heart Rate, Fetal;	2013
Case scenario: Hypotonia in infancy: anesthetic dilemma. Anesthesiology, 2013, Volume: 119, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Androstanols; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Biopsy; Bradycardia; Diagnosis	2013
Comparing ECT data of two different inpatient clinics: propofol or thiopental? International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice, 2013, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bipolar Disorder; Bra	2013
Same-day bidirectional endoscopy with nonanesthesiologist administration of propofol: safety and cost-effectiveness compared with separated exams. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2014, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bradycardia; Colonoscopy; Conscious Sedation; Cost-Benef	2014
Management and complications of anaesthesia during balloon valvuloplasty for pulmonic stenosis in dogs: 39 cases (2000 to 2012). The Journal of small animal practice, 2014, Volume: 55, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Arrhythmias, Card	2014
A comparison of severe hemodynamic disturbances between dexmedetomidine and propofol for sedation in neurocritical care patients. Critical care medicine, 2014, Volume: 42, Issue:7 Topics: Academic Medical Centers; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bradycardia; Critical Care; De	2014
Atropine sulfate for treatment of bradycardia in a patient with morbid obesity: what may happen when you least expect it. BMJ case reports, 2015, Jan-29, Volume: 2015 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrioventricular Block; Atropine; Bradycardia; De	2015
[Severe bradycardia in general anaesthesia in a patient treated with cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 2015, Feb-09, Volume: 177, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dementi	2015
Effect-site concentrations of remifentanil causing bradycardia in hypnotic and non-hypnotic patients. Journal of clinical monitoring and computing, 2016, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Blood Pres	2016
Severe Bradycardia During Neurosurgical Procedure: Depth of Anesthesia Matters and Leads to a New Surrogate Model of the Trigeminocardiac Reflex: A Case Report. Medicine, 2015, Volume: 94, Issue:49 Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Craniotomy; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Intraoper	2015
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Sedation during Minimal Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants. Neonatology, 2016, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Birth Weight; Bradycardia; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypotension; In	2016
Bradycardia, hypotension and bronchospasm following remifentanil-propofol in a myathenic paitent treated by pyridostigmine--a case report. Middle East journal of anaesthesiology, 2008, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Bronchial Spasm; Cholinesterase I	2008
Severe bradycardia after propofol induction. AANA journal, 2008, Volume: 76, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Propofol	2008
Recurarisation in a surgical ward. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 2008, Volume: 36, Issue:6 Topics: Acetaminophen; Aged; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anes	2008
[Transient decerebrate rigidity from hypoxemia during administration of propofol, midazolam-flumazenil, and remifentanil-naloxone]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2010, Volume: 57, Issue:2 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Cardiotonic Agents; Cholangiopancreatogra	2010
The intravenous anesthetic propofol inhibits human L-type calcium channels by enhancing voltage-dependent inactivation. Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2011, Volume: 51, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Atrial Appendage; Bradycardia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels,	2011
A comparison of anesthetic complications between diabetic and nondiabetic dogs undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery: a retrospective study. Veterinary ophthalmology, 2010, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Acepromazine; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Bradycardia; Cataract; Diabetes Mellitus; Dog Diseas	2010
[Case report: a 65-year-old man loses consciousness after colonoscopy]. Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS, 2010, Volume: 45, Issue:7-8 Topics: Aged; Ambulatory Care; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Atropine; Bradycardia; Cholinergic Antagonists; Col	2010
General anaesthesia for external electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: experience of an exclusively cardiological procedural management. Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology, 2010, Volume: 12, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Atrial Fibrillation; B	2010
[Case of profound bradycardia and cardiac arrest during left upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2010, Volume: 59, Issue:12 Topics: Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, General; Bradycardia; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Electrocoagulati	2010
Safety of continuous propofol sedation for endoscopic procedures in elderly patients. Revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas, 2011, Volume: 103, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bradycardia; Colonoscopy; Conscious Sedation; Electroenc	2011
Adverse events during monitored anesthesia care for GI endoscopy: an 8-year experience. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2011, Volume: 74, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Body Mass Index; Bradyca	2011
Endoscopist-administered propofol sedation is safe - a prospective evaluation of 10,000 patients in an outpatient practice. Journal of gastrointestinal and liver diseases : JGLD, 2012, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Ambulatory Care; Bradycardia; Colonoscopy; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Female; Humans; Hypnotics an	2012
Isolated bradycardia due to skull pin fixation: an unusual occurrence. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology, 2013, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bone Nails; Bradycardia; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Craniot	2013
Sedation in pediatric patients. Critical care medicine, 2003, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Child; Conscious Sedation; Drug Monitoring; Humans;	2003
[A case of severe bradycardia and AV block during administration of propofol]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2003, Volume: 52, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Conscious Sedation; Emergencie	2003
[Regional anesthesia for a patient with stiff-person syndrome]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2004, Volume: 53, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, Conduction; Bradycardia; Humans; Lidocaine; Male; Pacemaker, Artificial; Propofol;	2004
Propofol-induced bradycardia in a pediatric patient undergoing chemotherapy with the known cardiotoxic agent cytarabin. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2006, Volume: 16, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Bradycardia; Cytarabine; Drug Synergism;	2006
Propofol infusion syndrome--a fatal case at a low infusion rate. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2006, Volume: 103, Issue:4 Topics: Acidosis; Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Dose-Response Relations	2006
Emergency department procedural sedation and analgesia: A Canadian Community Effectiveness and Safety Study (ACCESS). CJEM, 2006, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Apnea; Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous; Bradycardia; Cana	2006
Prolonged cardiac arrest unveiled silent sick sinus syndrome during general and epidural anesthesia. Journal of anesthesia, 2007, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; A	2007
[Anesthesia in a patient with Angelman syndrome]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2007, Volume: 54, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Androstanols; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Angelman Syndrome; Bradyc	2007
Severe hypertension and bradycardia after dexmedetomidine for radiology sedation in a patient with acute transverse myelitis. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2008, Volume: 18, Issue:7 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adolescent; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Blood Pressur	2008
[Propofol-induced myocardial depression: possible role of atrial muscarinic cholinergic receptors]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2008, Volume: 55, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Heart Atria; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Microsomes; Propofo	2008
Changes in heart rate variability under propofol anesthesia: a possible explanation for propofol-induced bradycardia. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1994, Volume: 79, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Bradycardia; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; Female; Heart Rate; Humans	1994
[Comparative study of propofol versus thiopental-halothane in the occurrence of oculocardiac reflex and postoperative vomiting after surgery for strabismus in children]. Cahiers d'anesthesiologie, 1994, Volume: 42, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Bradycardia; Child; Child, Preschool; Halothane; Humans; Infant; Postoperative Complicat	1994
Attenuation of vagal reflexes during tracheal intubation following vagotonic anesthetic agents. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia, 1994, Volume: 8, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Alfentanil; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Child; Glycopyrrolate; Heart Arrest; Human	1994
The effect of a cyclodextrin vehicle on the cardiovascular profile of propofol in rats. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1996, Volume: 82, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Arrhythmia, Sinus; Atropine; beta-Cyclodextrins; Bradycardia; Cho	1996
Propofol does not affect the canine cardiac conduction system under autonomic blockade. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1999, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Atrioventricular Node; Atropine; Autonomic Nerve Block; Blood Pre	1999
Propofol, bradycardia and the Bezold-Jarisch reflex in rabbits. British journal of anaesthesia, 1999, Volume: 82, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Depression, Chemical; Female; Heart	1999
[Intra- and postoperative heart rate changes following propofol anesthesia; a comparison with isoflurane anesthesia]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2000, Volume: 49, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, General; Bradycardia; Female; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Hea	2000
Rare events often happen infrequently: propofol complications revisited. Critical care medicine, 2000, Volume: 28, Issue:6 Topics: Acidosis; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Child; Humans; Propofol; Rhabdomyolysis; Shock	2000
TIVA with propofol and remifentanil. Anaesthesia, 1999, Volume: 54, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Pipe	1999
[Carotid endarterectomy under remifentanil]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2001, Volume: 48, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alprazolam; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetic	2001
[A conduction problem occurring during anesthesia with propofol combined with fentanyl]. Cahiers d'anesthesiologie, 1992, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Female; Fentanyl; Humans; Propofol	1992
[Asystole during anesthesia with propofol]. Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 1991, Volume: 10, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Propofol	1991
Asystole after anesthesia induction with a fentanyl, propofol, and succinylcholine sequence. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1991, Volume: 73, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Bradycardia; Drug Interactions; Female; Fentanyl; Heart Arrest; Humans;	1991
Propofol bradycardia. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1991, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Humans; Propofol	1991
Pronounced bradycardia after application of POR-8 (Ornipressin) under total intravenous anesthesia with propofol. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1990, Volume: 34, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Bradycardia; Humans; Male; Ornipressin; Propofol	1990
Mechanism of propofol bradycardia. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1988, Volume: 67, Issue:9 Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Dogs; Heart Rate; Phenols; Propofol	1988
Severe bradycardia following propofol-suxamethonium sequence. British journal of anaesthesia, 1988, Volume: 61, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Bradycardia; Female; Humans; Intraoperative	1988
Bradycardia after propofol infusion. Anaesthesia, 1987, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Bradycardia; Humans; Male; Phenols; Postoperative Compli	1987

propofol and Bradycardia

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (115)

Authors

Clinical Trials (33)

Trial Overview

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Atchley, E	1
Tesoro, E	1
Meyer, R	1
Bauer, A	1
Pulver, M	1
Benken, S	1
Zarfoss, EL	1
Garavaglia, J	1
Hayanga, JWA	1
Kabulski, G	1
Yao, Y	1
Guan, J	1
Liu, L	2
Fu, B	1
Chen, L	1
Zheng, X	1
Heybati, K	1
Zhou, F	1
Ali, S	1
Deng, J	1
Mohananey, D	1
Villablanca, P	1
Ramakrishna, H	1
Lu, K	1
Wei, S	1
Ling, W	1
Wei, Y	1
Ran, X	1
Huang, H	1
Wang, M	1
Wei, N	1
Liao, Y	1
Qin, Z	1
Pan, M	1
Wei, Q	1
Fu, L	1
Xiong, B	1
Ma, C	1
Jiang, J	1
Huang, Y	1
Wang, LL	2
Guan, ZY	2
Wang, CM	2
Zhang, YW	2
Zhang, J	2
Zhao, P	2
Schöndorfer, B	1
Vogl, C	1
Eberspächer-Schweda, E	1
Wang, L	1
Wang, Y	3
Ma, L	1
Mu, X	1
Huang, Z	1
Zheng, Z	1
Nie, H	1
Chang, Y	1
Huang, YT	2
Chi, KY	1
Love, K	1
Zimmermann, AE	1
Owusu, KA	1
Kurczewski, L	1
Armahizer, MJ	1
Zichichi, A	1
Maciel, CB	1
Heavner, MS	1
Guo, P	1
Wu, H	1
Zhao, Q	1
Jin, Z	1
Baumgarten, A	1
Newton, M	1
Zhang, X	2
Liu, T	1
Lai, T	1
Chen, J	1
Lu, Y	1
He, F	1
Chen, Y	2
Xie, Y	1
Na, SH	1
Song, Y	1
Kim, SY	2
Byon, HJ	1
Jung, HH	1
Han, DW	1
Tian, HT	1
Duan, XH	1
Yang, YF	1
Bai, QL	1
Giuliani, E	1
Manenti, A	1
Barbieri, A	1
Farinetti, A	1
Mattioli, AV	1
Chikazawa, K	1
Yoshida, C	1
Kuwata, T	1
Konno, R	1
Nelson, KM	1
Patel, GP	1
Hammond, DA	2
Doğanay, F	1
Ak, R	1
Alışkan, H	1
Abut, S	1
Sümer, E	1
Onur, Ö	1
Shehabi, Y	1
Howe, BD	1
Bellomo, R	1
Arabi, YM	1
Bailey, M	1
Bass, FE	1
Bin Kadiman, S	1
McArthur, CJ	1
Murray, L	1
Reade, MC	1
Seppelt, IM	1
Takala, J	1
Wise, MP	1
Webb, SA	1
Fudickar, A	2
Smigaj, K	1
Ensenauer, R	1
Fischer, G	1
Dütschke, P	1
Steinfath, M	2
Bein, B	3
De Asis, SJ	1
Helgeson, L	1
Ostroff, R	1
Saettele, AK	1
Sharma, A	1
Murray, DJ	1
Yazici, E	1
Bosgelmez, S	1
Tas, HI	1
Karabulut, U	1
Yazici, AB	1
Yildiz, M	1
Kirpinar, I	1
Lucendo, AJ	1
Arias, Á	1
González-Castillo, S	1
Angueira, T	1
Guagnozzi, D	1
Fernández-Fuente, M	1
Serrano-Valverde, M	1
Sánchez-Cazalilla, M	1
Chumillas, O	1
Fernández-Ordóñez, M	1
Tenías, JM	1
Wutzler, A	1
Mueller, A	1
Loehr, L	1
Huemer, M	1
Parwani, AS	1
Attanasio, P	1
Blaschke, F	1
Storm, C	1
Boldt, LH	1
Haverkamp, W	1
Ramos, RV	1
Monteiro-Steagall, BP	1
Steagall, PV	1
Erdman, MJ	1
Doepker, BA	1
Gerlach, AT	1
Phillips, GS	1
Elijovich, L	1
Jones, GM	1
Kwak, HJ	1
Min, SK	1
Yoo, JY	1
Park, KH	1
Kim, JY	2
Jang, YE	1
Kim, YC	1
Yoon, HK	1
Jeon, YT	1
Hwang, JW	1
Kim, E	1
Park, HP	1
Carron, M	1
Veronese, S	1
Tsai, HC	1
Lin, YC	1
Ko, CL	1
Lou, HY	1
Chen, TL	1
Tam, KW	1
Chen, CY	1
Jellinge, ME	1
Ferguson, AH	1
Chen, K	1
Lu, Z	1
Xin, YC	1
Cai, Y	1
Pan, SM	1
Goyal, R	1
Hasnain, S	1
Mittal, S	1
Shreevastava, S	1
Hayashi, K	1
Tanaka, A	1
Liang, FG	1
Ouyang, MW	1
Wang, HT	1
Chowdhury, T	1
Ahuja, N	1
Schaller, B	1
Brotherton, AL	1
Hamilton, EP	1
Kloss, HG	1
Dekker, J	1
Lopriore, E	1
Rijken, M	1
Rijntjes-Jacobs, E	1
Smits-Wintjens, V	1
Te Pas, A	1
Zhou, X	1
Li, BX	1
Chen, LM	1
Tao, J	1
Zhang, S	1
Ji, M	1
Wu, MC	1
Chen, M	1
Zhang, YH	1
Gan, GS	1
Song, XY	1
Loh, PS	1
Ariffin, MA	1
Rai, V	1
Lai, LL	1
Chan, L	1
Ramli, N	1
Kim, KN	1
Lee, HJ	1
Nauphal, M	1
Baraka, A	2
Huang, J	1
Wilson, S	1
Beccaria, P	1
Cabrini, L	1
Garancini, MP	1
Colombo, S	1
Triem, JG	1
Röhm, KD	1
Boldt, J	1
Piper, SN	1
Maruyama, K	1
Nishikawa, Y	1
Nakagawa, H	1
Ariyama, J	1
Kitamura, A	1
Hayashida, M	1
Arnold, HM	1
Hollands, JM	1
Skrupky, LP	1
Mice, ST	1
Gerónimo Pardo, M	1
Mateo Cerdán, CM	1
Moreno Salcedo, JM	1
Nasseri, K	1
Arastheh, MT	1
Shami, S	1
Weisenberg, M	1
Sessler, DI	2
Tavdi, M	1
Gleb, M	1
Ezri, T	1
Dalton, JE	1
Protianov, M	1
Zimlichmann, R	1
Devlin, JW	1
Mallow-Corbett, S	1
Riker, RR	1
Fassl, J	1
High, KM	1
Stephenson, ER	1
Yarotskyy, V	1
Elmslie, KS	1
Oliver, JA	1
Clark, L	1
Corletto, F	1
Gould, DJ	1
Oppitz, F	1
Morani, G	1
Bergamini, C	1
Angheben, C	1
Pozzani, L	1
Cicoira, M	1
Tomasi, L	1
Lanza, D	1
Vassanelli, C	1
Levy, RJ	1
Correia, LM	1
Bonilha, DQ	1
Gomes, GF	1
Brito, JR	1
Nakao, FS	1
Lenz, L	1
Rohr, MR	1
Ferrari, AP	1
Libera, ED	1
Yamamoto, T	1
Honma, T	1
Ikoma, M	1
Baba, H	1
Kohno, T	1
Martínez, JF	1
Aparicio, JR	1
Compañy, L	1
Ruiz, F	1
Gómez-Escolar, L	1
Mozas, I	1
Casellas, JA	1
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Gemma, M	2
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von Delius, S	1
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Huber, W	1
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Hanss, R	1
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Takazawa, T	1
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Guenther, E	2
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Saito, Y	1
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Errando, CL	1
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Kang, YS	1
Kil, HK	1
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Pascuzzo-Lima, C	1
Granado Duque, AE	1
Bonfante-Cabarcas, RA	1
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Fleisher, LA	1
Jensen, AG	1
Granfeldt, H	1
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Nyström, PO	1
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McLeskey, CH	1
Nahrwold, ML	1
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Stanley, TH	1
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Walawander, CA	1
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