procyanidin-b1 and Hyperlipidemias

Phenolic extract in highland barley grain has showed hypoglycemic effect, while little information is available about the active compounds and whether there exist additive or synergistic effect on modulating glucose metabolism.. Procyanidin B1 (PB) and p-coumaric acid (CA) are the active compounds in highland barley grain and show synergistic effect on improving glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis by upregulating glucose transporter (GLUT4) and downregulating glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) protein expression, respectively. The mechanism may be attributed to target insulin receptor (IRβ) and regulate insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Furthermore, PB + CA exhibits synergistic effect on restoring glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, and improving hepatic glycogen synthesis in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) mice. The postprandial blood glucose (PBG), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR values and serum insulin contents in PB + CA-treated IGT mice with dosage of 300 mg kg. PB + CA in highland barley grain synergistically modulate glucose metabolism. These results may provide evidence of whole highland barley grain diet achieve superior effect on restoring IGT than isolated components.

Topics: Animals; Biflavonoids; Catechin; China; Coumaric Acids; Drug Synergism; Glucose; Hep G2 Cells; Hordeum; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; Insulin Resistance; Male; Mice; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Seeds