pregabalin and Hypersensitivity

Patients with fibromyalgia demonstrate high rates of comorbid somatic and psychiatric disorders. The current post hoc study analyzed the prevalence of comorbid conditions and their relationship to pregabalin efficacy in patients with fibromyalgia pooled from four Phase III clinical trials.. Patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria, randomized to placebo or 300, 450, or 600 mg/day pregabalin, and with ≥ 1 postbaseline pain score were included. The frequency of comorbid conditions was obtained from patient-reported, voluntary medical histories. Patients were categorized based on the presence of a medical condition (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome) or a group of medical conditions (e.g., neurological disorders). Two efficacy variables were examined within each comorbid category: endpoint changes from baseline in weekly mean pain diary scores (11-point numeric rating scale) and Patient Global Impression of Change.. A large proportion of patients exhibited concomitant headache, immunological (allergy), gastroesophageal, and/or psychiatric disorders. The efficacy analyses performed on these subgroups of patients, amongst others, showed - with few exceptions - consistent pain reductions of similar magnitude with pregabalin.. Comorbid conditions are common among patients with fibromyalgia and their presence is not associated with altered pregabalin efficacy.

Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Comorbidity; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Fibromyalgia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Headache; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Pregabalin; Prevalence; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Acid infusion in humans induces primary and secondary oesophageal hypersensitivity. The effects of pregabalin, a centrally-acting modulator of voltage-sensitive calcium channels, on development of acid-induced oesophageal hypersensitivity remain unknown.. To study the effects of pregabalin on development of secondary oesophageal hypersensitivity in healthy humans.. Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised, cross-over study of 15 healthy volunteers (six women, age 21-56 years). After oesophageal manometry, baseline pain thresholds (PTs) to proximal oesophageal electrical stimulation were determined using bipolar ring electrodes. A 30-min infusion of HCl was performed in the distal oesophagus followed by PT measurements at 30 and 90 min. This protocol was repeated after administration of pregabalin (dosing schedule: 75 mg twice daily for 3 days then 150 mg twice daily for 1 day and then 150 mg on the morning of study) or placebo.. T0 PTs were similar in patients after receiving placebo or pregabalin [mean (s.d.) 32.9 mA (20.5) vs. 34.1 (15.7), P = 0.42]. Pregabalin reduced development of acid-induced hypersensitivity in the proximal oesophagus at 30 min [mean change in PT (C.I.) placebo -6.2 mA (-11.3 to +1.3) vs. pregabalin +0.20 mA (-2.7 to +3.3)] and 90 min [placebo -3.7 mA (-10.0 to +2.0) vs. pregabalin +0.7 mA (-4.7 to 7.3)] overall P = 0.001. Pregabalin reduced median visual analogue scale score for acid-induced pain (1/10 vs. placebo 3/10, P = 0.027).. Pregabalin attenuates development of secondary hypersensitivity in the proximal oesophagus after distal oesophageal acidification; it may thus have a role in treatment of patients with proven oesophageal pain hypersensitivity.

Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Esophageal Diseases; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypersensitivity; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Pregabalin; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

Topics: Adult; Air Pollution, Indoor; Antifungal Agents; Antitussive Agents; Chronic Disease; Coriolaceae; Cough; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Itraconazole; Male; Medically Unexplained Symptoms; Middle Aged; Mycoses; Pregabalin; Sensation; Skin Tests; Sputum

The antiepileptic drugs gabapentin and pregabalin exhibit well-established analgesic effects in patients with several neuropathic conditions. In the present study, we examined their effects on mechanical hypersensitivity in mice subjected to weight-drop spinal cord injury. Hindlimb motor function and mechanical hypersensitivity were evaluated using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale and the von Frey test, respectively, for 4 weeks after spinal cord injury. Despite gradual recovery of hindlimb motor function after spinal cord injury, mice exhibited continuous development of mechanical hypersensitivity. Gabapentin (30 and 100 mg/kg) and pregabalin (10 and 30 mg/kg), administered intraperitoneally on the 28th day after spinal cord injury, reduced mechanical hypersensitivity in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that gabapentin and pregabalin could be useful therapeutic tools for patients with neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.

Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hindlimb; Hypersensitivity; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Motor Activity; Pregabalin; Recovery of Function; Spinal Cord Injuries; Time Factors