povidone-iodine and Skin-Diseases--Infectious

The natural element iodine has been used for more than 150 years to prevent infection and treat wounds. Yet only due to the development of iodophors has it become possible to use this highly efficient microbicide in a wide range of medical applications. The antimicrobial spectrum is universal. Its efficiency against clinically and epidemiologically significant new pathogens, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp. has also been validated. No development of resistance has been determined. New data are also available on the excellent local tolerability of Betaisodona (povidone-iodine) preparations. On these grounds, a number of clinical fields exist in prophylaxis and therapy, for either once only or repeated applications: the disinfection of hands and skin, mucosa antisepsis, intra- and postoperative wound treatment, therapy of skin infections, burns and chronic wounds.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antisepsis; Bacterial Infections; Burns; Chronic Disease; Enterococcus; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Hand; Humans; Intraoperative Care; Iodophors; Methicillin Resistance; Mucous Membrane; Postoperative Care; Povidone-Iodine; Skin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Wound Infection

The efficacy of 1% chlorhexidine-gluconate ethanol and 10% povidone-iodine for skin antisepsis of central venous catheter (CVC) sites were compared among hematology patients. The CVC site colonization rates of those groups were 11.9% and 29.2%, respectively, and the catheter-associated blood stream infections were 0.75 and 3.62 per 1,000 catheter-days, respectively. One percent chlorhexidine-gluconate ethanol was superior to povidone-iodine to reduce skin colonizers at CVC sites even when catheters were used for long duration.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Central Venous Catheters; Chlorhexidine; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Ethanol; Female; Hematology; Hospital Departments; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Sepsis; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Young Adult

In topical wound treatment, the combination of anti-infectious therapy and a healing-promoting moisturization has not been accomplished yet.. Evaluation of a new topical drug consisting of a povidone-iodine (PVP-I) liposome hydrogel allowing for both antiseptic and moist treatment.. Pharmaceutical formulation of a complex of PVP-I (3%) and phosphatidylcholine in a hydrogel. In vitro, interaction of the complex with relevant micro-organisms was analysed by electron microscopy. Antimicrobial activity was investigated using Staphylococcus aureus in a suspension test. Tissue toxicity was examined by an explantation test in a rodent model. A randomized clinical study on efficacy and tolerability in wound healing was carried out on 35 patients with mesh grafts in parallel groups (PVP-I liposome hydrogel vs. Bactigras) for proof of concept in humans.. A direct interaction of the PVP-I liposomes with micro-organisms by attachment to the cell surface was documented. A significantly better microbicidal activity and tissue tolerability of the PVP-I liposome hydrogel compared to conventional PVP-I formulations was shown. The results of the clinical study, especially measurements of neo-epithelization per time and transplant loss, demonstrate significant differences in favour of the PVP-I liposome hydrogel.. The novel PVP-I liposome hydrogel combines microbicidal and wound healing activities resulting in enhanced epithelization.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Candida albicans; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Hydrogels; Liposomes; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microscopy, Electron; Povidone-Iodine; Skin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Skin Transplantation; Staphylococcus aureus; Wound Healing

To evaluate the efficacy of multifaceted interventions in reducing complications of peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) in adult oncology patients.. Multifaceted interventions were implemented in our department in December 2006. These interventions include: (1) A mandatory nurse reeducation was developed by a multidisciplinary task force; (2) Modification of peripherally inserted central catheter insertion: take a chest X-ray before removal of the guidewire and cutting of the catheter. The guidewire in the catheter facilitates the accurate location of the tip of PICC on chest X-ray and make the malposition correction (withdrawing, reinsertion, even reinsertion following withdrawal) easily; (3) Using a 2% chlorhexidine preparation, replace 10% povidone iodine for skin antisepsis; (4) Maintenance of maximum sterile barrier precautions during PICC insertion and aftercare; (5) Designing of a PICC archive form and establishing a PICC archive for each patient. The PICC complication rates of groups before and after interventions were evaluated and compared.. Sixty-nine PICC lines were inserted before these interventions, and 165 were inserted after implementation of these interventions. Compared with preintervention group, the postintervention group was associated with a 62.14% decrease in the overall complication rate (11.52% vs 30.43% [P = 0.0004]; incidence density, 1.82 vs 4.62 per 1,000 PICC days) with a 67.48% decrease in the infective complications rate (4.24% vs 13.04% [P = 0.015]) with a 58.19% decrease in the noninfective complications rate (7.27% vs 17.39% [P = 0.0199]).. The results suggest that these interventions implemented in this study may be help in reducing complications of PICC in adult oncology patients.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Catheter-Related Infections; Catheterization, Central Venous; Catheterization, Peripheral; Chlorhexidine; Education, Nursing, Continuing; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Povidone-Iodine; Radiography, Thoracic; Skin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Irrigation of povidone iodine considered as a safe and effective procedure, is frequently used for deep infections. We report a case of intoxication by iodine in a man of 68-year-old after subcutaneous irrigations of Betadine at a concentration of 20% for a subcutaneous infection of the thigh. Abnormalities of cardiac conduction, lactic acidosis, acute renal failure, hypocalcaemia and thyroid dysfunction were the manifestations of the intoxication confirmed by a very high level of total blood iodine and urine iodine.

Topics: Aged; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Calcium; Creatinine; Humans; Iodine; Lactates; Male; Povidone-Iodine; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Subcutaneous Tissue; Therapeutic Irrigation

The results of Betadine treatment obtained in the course of a one-year period proved the usefulness of the bacteriostatic and bactericidal product as a disinfectant of the skin and mucosa in immuno-deficiency diseases, in our cases in AIDS (but supposedly in other similar diseases as well). In these diseases this new therapeutic means does supply a need. The solution was successfully used in patients in whom superficial decontamination is of high importance and whose cutaneous and mucosal infections had raised therapeutic problems for years. Side-effects were not observed. The product could be easily applied. If the germ count of the atrophying pathogen is not very high and the lesion is due supposedly to mixed infection, the product will be effective even in monotherapy. Similarly, in mild mycotic infections systemic therapy could be avoided. In cases of purulent alterations the solution is successfully applied as an adjuvant to antibacterial treatment and its continuous use prevents early recurrence. The long-term use of the product did not cause side-effects, irritation of the skin or the mucosa.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Baths; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; HIV Infections; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Oral Hygiene; Povidone-Iodine; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Solutions

The effectivity of Betadine skin and mucosa disinfectant solution and Betadine hand disinfectant soap (MUNDIPHARMA A. G. and EGIS Pharmaceuticals has been examined in hospitalized patients and hospital employees. The history of the production of polyvynilpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-Iodine) the mechanism of actions and the biological effects of these products have been discussed. Bacteriological samples were collected from the skin of four regions most frequently used for injection (fossa cubitalis, right and left hands and gluteal region, right and left sides) of 10 hospitalized patients before and after washing these regions with Betadine. The average of 68 microorganisms Colony Forming Unit (CFU) recorded before disinfection decreased below 1 CFU on average in the samples taken after disinfection. From both hands of 6 hospital employees 190 CFUs could be demonstrated following washing hands with the commonly used soap. After washing hands with Betadine soap a total of 1 CFU could be demonstrated. The hands of 44 hospital employees were infected with E. coli of non-pathogenous reference strain whereafter samples were collected. After the disinfection of the hands with Betadine liquid soap samples were taken again. In the samples taken before disinfection an average of 745 CFUs, in samples taken after disinfection an average total of 11 CFUs were found. The results prove the outstanding disinfectant action of the two examined Betadine products.

Topics: Colony Count, Microbial; Cross Infection; Disinfection; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Inpatients; Personnel, Hospital; Povidone-Iodine; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Soaps

In this report the possibilities for the application of PVP-iodine-preparations in the developing countries in the treatment of wounds, including burns and in diseases of the mucous membrane, eyes, mouth and genital region are discussed. The application proved particularly valuable where a high antibiotic resistance was found.

Topics: Atlantic Islands; Burns; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Eye Diseases; Humans; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Sudan; Surgical Wound Infection; Wound Infection; Wounds and Injuries

In an open comparative study, 40 patients suffering from pyoderma, combustion (1st and 2nd degrees), leg ulcer, or inflammatory white atrophy were treated with a topical preparation containing either polyvinyl pyrrolidone iodine or neomycin. Both preparations were well-tolerated. There was no local hypersensibility. With regard to the therapeutic effect, we did not observe any differences between the two groups of patients. We discuss the properties, modes of action, and contraindications, as well as the possible systemic influences of topically applied PVP iodine.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Atrophy; Burns; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neomycin; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine; Pyoderma; Skin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Varicose Ulcer; Wound Infection

Axillary skin lesions can cause significant morbidity in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. The incidence in relation to the level of circulating granulocytes and the microbiology of 15 such lesions among 150 patients over a three year period were determined. Lesions occurred predominantly during periods of profound granulocytopenia (0-499 cells/microliter). Gram-negative bacilli were the most common pathogens isolated from these lesions. The initiation of a supervised preventive program for 84 patients over 19 months which includes the regular swabbing of each axilla with povidone-iodine cotton sticks in addition to measures to avoid skin trauma has virtually eliminated inflammatory axillary lesions in this high risk patient population.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Agranulocytosis; Axilla; Bacterial Infections; Humans; Hygiene; Leukemia; Povidone-Iodine; Skin; Skin Diseases, Infectious