povidone-iodine and Periodontal-Pocket

Topics: Adult; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Povidone-Iodine; Prevotella intermedia; Subgingival Curettage; Tin Fluorides

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dental Scaling; Drug Combinations; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Sodium Bicarbonate; Tetracycline; Therapeutic Irrigation; Tin Fluorides

This 6-month randomized controlled study aimed at evaluating the clinical outcomes of multiple irrigations of 10% povidone-iodine (PVP-I) as an adjunct to full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.. Seventeen patients were included. A split-mouth design randomly assigned one side as the test side (SRP + PVP-I) and the other side as the control side (SRP + NaCl). After full-mouth SRP, the control side received subgingival irrigation with 10 mL 0.9% NaCl solution. The test side received 10 mL of PVP-I 10%. Plaque Index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) parameters were assessed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. During recall visits (3 and 6 months), residual deep periodontal pockets of ≥ 6 mm were cleaned with the same protocol and randomization.. PI, BOP, PPD, and CAL were improved in both sides after 6 months. No significant differences were seen between control and test sides for the all clinical parameters after 6 months.. Multiple subgingival irrigations of 10% PVP-I or 0/9% NaCl combined to one-stage full mouth SRP in patients with chronic periodontitis showed a reduction of all clinical parameters until 6 months. There was a trend in favor of the povidone group for PPD. ( 2021;52:496-504; doi: 10.3290/j.qi.b1044059).

Topics: Chronic Periodontitis; Dental Scaling; Humans; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Root Planing; Treatment Outcome

To assess the effect of concomitant subgingival rinsing with 10% PVP-iodine during subgingival instrumentation on the prevalence and magnitude of bacteraemia of oral origin.. Subgingival instrumentation was performed with water or PVP-iodine rinse in patients with periodontitis. Prior to instrumentation, subjects gargled for 1 min with the allocated liquid. Pockets were then rinsed for 1 min and subgingivally instrumented with liquid-cooled (water/PVP-iodine) ultrasonic scalers (1 min). Two minutes later, a blood sample from the arm vein was drawn using a lysis centrifugation blood culture system for quantitative microbiological analysis. Non-parametric statistical tests were performed to assess differences in the prevalence and extent of bacteraemia between groups.. Of the 19 samples in each group, oral-borne bacteraemia was detected in 10 of the control and 2 of the test samples. With an average of 3.0 [1; 5] colony forming units, significantly less bacteria and bacteraemia were found in the test group compared to the controls (12.2 [1; 46]) (p = 0.003). Anaerobic bacteria were not found in the test group.. Bacteraemia after subgingival instrumentation with concomitant PVP-iodine rinsing is reduced but not eliminated. Therefore, it might be recommended for patients at a high risk of endocarditis or infection of endoprostheses. However, preventive antibiotic treatment should not be omitted.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteremia; Bacterial Load; Cross-Over Studies; Dental Scaling; Female; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Mouthwashes; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Debridement; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Placebos; Povidone-Iodine; Ultrasonic Therapy

The aim of this study is to determine in a randomized trial the impact on treatment outcome after 12 months of different subgingival irrigation solutions during scaling and root planing (SRP).. Fifty-one adult volunteers with generalized chronic periodontitis were treated by full-mouth SRP using 0.9% sodium chloride, 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, or 7.5% povidone-iodine for subgingival irrigation during SRP. Before SRP and after 3 and 12 months, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. Subgingival plaque samples were analyzed for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola.. PD, CAL, and BOP were significantly improved in all groups after 12 months (P <0.001 to P = 0.044). No significant differences were seen among the groups for all sites and sites with 4 to 6 mm PD at baseline. The povidone-iodine group had the highest clinical improvements. The counts of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis were significantly reduced after 12 months (P = 0.045 and P = 0.002) using povidone-iodine. Significant differences between the groups were seen after 3 months for A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, and after 12 months for T. forsythia.. No differences were seen among the groups in the clinical results after 12 months. Regarding the microbiologic results, a slight benefit seemed to derive from the use of povidone-iodine.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacterial Load; Bacteroides; Biofilms; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Periodontitis; Dental Plaque; Dental Scaling; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Pilot Projects; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Povidone-Iodine; Root Planing; Sodium Chloride; Therapeutic Irrigation; Treatment Outcome; Treponema denticola

The aim of this controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of topically applied povidone-iodine (PVP-I) used as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment of interproximal class II furcation involvements.. Thirty-two patients presenting at least one interproximal class II furcation involvement that bled on probing with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 5 mm were recruited. Patients were randomly chosen to receive either subgingival instrumentation with an ultrasonic device using PVP-I (10%) as the cooling liquid (test group) or identical treatment using distilled water as the cooling liquid (control group). The following clinical outcomes were evaluated: visible plaque index, bleeding on probing (BOP), position of the gingival margin, relative attachment level (RAL), PPD and relative horizontal attachment level (RHAL). BAPNA (N-benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide) testing was used to analyze trypsin-like activity in dental biofilm. All parameters were evaluated at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months after non-surgical subgingival instrumentation.. Six months after treatment, both groups had similar means of PPD reduction, RAL and RHAL gain (p>0.05). These variables were, respectively, 2.20 ± 1.10 mm, 1.27 ± 1.02 mm and 1.33 ± 0.85 mm in the control group and 2.67 ± 1.21 mm, 1.50 ± 1.09 mm and 1.56 ± 0.93 mm in the test group. No difference was observed between groups at none of the posttreatment periods, regarding the number of sites showing clinical attachment gain ≥ 2 mm. However, at 6 months posttreatment, the test group presented fewer sites with PPD ≥ 5 mm than the control group. Also at 6 months the test group had lower BAPNA values than control group.. The use of PVP-I as an adjunct in the non-surgical treatment of interproximal class II furcation involvements provided limited additional clinical benefits.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Benzoylarginine Nitroanilide; Dental Plaque Index; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Furcation Defects; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy

The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of topically applied povidone-iodine (polyvinylpyrrolidone and iodine [PVP-I]) used as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy of furcation involvements.. Forty-four patients presenting at least one Class II furcation involvement that bled on probing with probing depth (PD)>or=5 mm were recruited. Patients were stratified into two treatment groups: 1) subgingival instrumentation by an ultrasonic device using PVP-I (10%) as the cooling liquid (test); and 2) identical treatment using distilled water as the cooling liquid (control). The following clinical outcomes were evaluated: plaque index, bleeding on probing (BOP), position of the gingival margin, relative attachment level (RAL), PD, and relative horizontal attachment level (RHAL). The N-benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA) test was used to analyze the trypsin-like activity in dental biofilm. The clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after therapy.. Both groups had similar means of PD reduction and RAL and RHAL gain. At 6 months, these variables were, respectively, 2.31, 1.17, and 1.00 mm in the control group and 2.31, 1.23, and 1.02 mm in the test group. There was also no difference between groups regarding the number of furcation sites presenting RAL gain>or=2 mm. The results of the BAPNA test failed to demonstrate significant differences between groups.. Non-surgical therapy can effectively treat Class II furcation involvements, and the use of topically applied PVP-I as an adjunct to subgingival instrumentation does not provide additional benefits.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Benzoylarginine Nitroanilide; Biofilms; Chromogenic Compounds; Dental Plaque Index; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Furcation Defects; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingival Recession; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Single-Blind Method; Subgingival Curettage; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy

The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation into periodontal pockets with or without the combination of local antibiotic application on clinical parameters and microbiological prevalence. Sixteen patients, each of whom had 4 or more sites with probing depth e x 4mm were included in this study. They were monitored clinically and microbiologically at baseline, 1 and 3 months after the treatment. Subgingival plaque samples were taken from periodontally involved sites with a probing depth of e x 4mm. A total of 135 sites were randomly assigned to the following treatments; Nd:YAG laser alone (Group L: 10 pps, 200 mJ for 90 sec, n = 37), local minocycline administration following laser treatment (Group LP, n = 33), povidone-iodine irrigation following laser treatment (Group LI, n = 33), and control group (Group C: sham procedure, n = 32). The prevalence of 18 subgingival taxa were determined using the checkerboard technique. The mean value of the pocket probing depth (PPD) significantly decreased in Group L, Group LP and Group LI, and the mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) decreased in all three treatment groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Group LP showed the most improvement in PPD or CAL at 3 months. The proportions of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia (formerly Bacteroides forsythus) and Prevotella intermedia were significantly lower in Group LP than in Group L after 3 months. These results showed that Nd:YAG laser irradiation plus local minocycline provides a much greater reduction in PPD, CAL and the amount of periodontopathogenic bacteria than laser irradiation alone in periodontitis patients.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Colony Count, Microbial; Dental Plaque; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Laser Therapy; Logistic Models; Middle Aged; Minocycline; Neodymium; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Statistics, Nonparametric

Povidone-iodine [polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine complex (PVP-iodine)] might constitute a valuable adjunct to current periodontal therapy because of its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, low potential for developing resistance and adverse reactions, wide availability, ease of use, and low financial cost. This investigation employed a randomized, split-mouth study design to determine the microbiological and clinical effects of 10% PVP-iodine subgingival irrigation in periodontitis lesions showing radiographic evidence of subgingival calculus.. Sixteen adults having at least one periodontal pocket of 6 mm or more in each quadrant of the dentition and harboring one or more periodontopathic bacteria participated in the study. In each subject, a study site in each quadrant was randomly chosen to receive either subgingival irrigation with 10% PVP-iodine together with scaling and root planing, scaling and root planing alone, subgingival irrigation with 10% PVP-iodine, or subgingival irrigation with sterile saline. Prior to therapy and at 5 weeks post-treatment, microbiological culture was carried out without knowledge of the clinical status or the type of treatment rendered. A blinded clinical examiner determined presence of dental plaque, probing pocket depth, and gingival bleeding on probing. Microbiological and clinical data were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis rank test with the Tukey and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests.. At 5 weeks post-treatment, subgingival irrigation with PVP-iodine together with scaling and root planing caused a 95% or greater reduction in total pathogen counts in 44% of pockets having >/= 6 mm depth whereas scaling and root planing alone, povidone-iodine irrigation alone and water irrigation alone caused 95% reduction of total pathogens only in 6-13% of similar study sites (P = 0.02). Reduction in mean pocket depth was 1.8 mm for the PVP-iodine/scaling and root planing group, 1.6 mm for the scaling and root planing group, and 0.9 mm for the PVP-iodine and the saline monotherapy groups, with statistical significance reached for the scaling and root planing group vs. the PVP-iodine group (P = 0.04) and for the scaling and root planing group vs. the saline group (P = 0.02). Reduction in visible dental plaque, which ranged from 38% to 62%, showed no significant differences among treatment groups.. The addition of subgingival PVP-iodine irrigation to conventional mechanical therapy may be a cost-effective means of reducing total counts of periodontal pathogens and helping control periodontal disease. However, subgingival irrigation with PVP-iodine without concomitant mechanical debridement might not improve microbiological and clinical variables in comparison with saline irrigation, at least not in sites with radiographic evidence of subgingival calculus.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Colony Count, Microbial; Dental Calculus; Dental Plaque; Dental Scaling; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Root Planing; Single-Blind Method; Statistics, Nonparametric; Therapeutic Irrigation

The present study was performed to assess the effect of topically-applied PVP-iodine, used as an adjunct both during basic non-surgical therapy and at re-treatment during the long-term maintenance of patients with advanced periodontal disease.. 223 patients with advanced destructive periodontitis were recruited. The participants met the following inclusion criteria: (i) a minimum of 8 non-molar teeth, (ii) probing pocket depth of > or = 6 mm at > or = 2 teeth in each dentate quadrant, and radiographic bone loss exceeding 40% at the same teeth. A baseline I examination included assessment of plaque, gingivitis, probing pocket depth (PPD), probing attachment level (PAL) and radiographic bone height (RxBL). Following baseline I, the patients were stratified into 2 treatment groups; 2 subjects out of 3 were included in a control group and 1 in a test group. All participants, on an individual basis, received a case presentation and were instructed in proper self-performed plaque control measures. Non-surgical therapy was performed by the use of an ultrasonic device. The instrumentation in the test group was combined with the administration of 0.1% PVP-iodine. All subjects were recalled for comprehensive examinations 3, 6 and 12 months (baseline II) after baseline I and then after 3, 5 and 13 years of maintenance therapy. PAL determinations were performed annually. Subjects (losers) who at the re-examinations after 1, 2 and 3 years of maintenance demonstrated an annual further loss of PAL > or = 2 mm at > or = 4 teeth were exited from the study and referred for re-treatment. There were 9 losers in the test and 31 in the control group. In addition, 8 subjects in the test and 25 subjects in the control group withdrew from the trial for reasons unrelated to the study. These 73 subjects were not included in the data presentation from the various examinations.. It was demonstrated that non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in (i) improved gingival conditions, (ii) reduced PPD, (iii) gain in PAL. It was also documented that the topical application of 0.1% PVP-iodine in conjunction with the mechanical root debridement established conditions which further improved the outcome of therapy. This was evidenced by the fact that at the 3, 6, and 12 months re-examinations after baseline I, the test group had significantly lower mean PPD values and significantly more gain of PAL than the control group. During the 12 years of SPT, it was possible for most subjects in both groups to maintain shallow pockets and to avoid marked further loss of PAL. There were, however, a larger number of losers in the control than in the test group.. PVP-iodine, topically applied during subgingival instrumentation, may improve the outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Alveolar Bone Loss; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Dental Scaling; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gingivitis; Humans; Iodophors; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Povidone-Iodine; Statistics as Topic; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy

Periodontal disease is a common infection-induced inflammatory disease among individuals suffering from diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of treatment of periodontal disease on the level of metabolic control of diabetes. A total of 113 Native Americans (81 females and 32 males) suffering from periodontal disease and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were randomized into 5 treatment groups. Periodontal treatment included ultrasonic scaling and curettage combined with one of the following antimicrobial regimens: 1) topical water and systemic doxycycline, 100 mg for 2 weeks; 2) topical 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) and systemic doxycycline, 100 mg for 2 weeks; 3) topical povidone-iodine and systemic doxycycline, 100 mg for 2 weeks; 4) topical 0.12% CHX and placebo; and 5) topical water and placebo (control group). Assessments were performed prior to and at 3 and 6 months after treatment and included probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque and determination of serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). After treatment all study groups showed clinical and microbial improvement. The doxycycline-treated groups showed the greatest reduction in probing depth and subgingival Porphyromonas gingivalis compared to the control group. In addition, all 3 groups receiving systemic doxycycline showed, at 3 months, significant reductions (P < or = 0.04) in mean HbA1c reaching nearly 10% from the pretreatment value. Effective treatment of periodontal infection and reduction of periodontal inflammation is associated with a reduction in level of glycated hemoglobin. Control of periodontal infections should thus be an important part of the overall management of diabetes mellitus patients.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Arizona; Blood Glucose; Chlorhexidine; Dental Plaque; Dental Scaling; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Doxycycline; Female; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Indians, North American; Iodophors; Male; Middle Aged; Mouthwashes; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Placebos; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Povidone-Iodine; Subgingival Curettage; Ultrasonic Therapy

This investigation compared a traditional periodontal surgical method with a non-surgical treatment of scaling and root planing by an ultrasonic device (Odontoson M) using irrigation with an iodised solution. 8 adult patients with periodontal disease were each treated at 2 randomly chosen quadrants by a Widman flap type surgical technique, and the remaining non-surgically. The patients then attended bi-monthly oral hygiene sessions over a period of 1 year. At that stage, clinical evaluation revealed that the Odontoson M plus an ionized irrigant solution achieved a statistically comparable outcome to that of surgical treatment, even in the pockets initially up to 7 mm in depth.

Topics: Adult; Dental Plaque Index; Dental Scaling; Female; Furcation Defects; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Root Planing; Subgingival Curettage; Therapeutic Irrigation; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy

Kostmann syndrome is a rare, congenital immunological disorder caused by a mutation of the hematopoietic cell-specific LYN substrate 1-associated protein X1. These patients pose a unique challenge to the dental practitioner due to the severe oral infections that are often seen in this population. The patient described in this report is a 16-year-old female with Kostmann syndrome-associated periodontitis. The treatment consisted of scaling and root planing performed in conjunction with subgingival irrigation with povidone-iodine solution. This report details how Kostmann syndrome-associated periodontitis can be successfully treated and maintained long-term, using non-surgical treatment modalities and local antimicrobial therapy.

Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes; Dental Scaling; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Furcation Defects; Gingival Recession; Gingivitis; Humans; Neutropenia; Periodontal Debridement; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Povidone-Iodine; Root Planing; Therapeutic Irrigation

Non-surgical therapy, including scaling, root planing, and personal plaque control continues to be a powerful effective treatment modality for treating chronic periodontal diseases. Reports in the literature have suggested that adjunctive procedures such as systemic antibiotics and topical antiseptics may enhance the clinical outcomes of non-surgical treatment.. Three retrospective case reports spanning an evaluation period of 9-36 months are presented. The patients were treated in a private periodontal practice and had advanced periodontal disease. A significant positive clinical and radiographic response was achieved with non-surgical and adjunctive therapy.. The teeth that were treated initially had deep angular bony defects with probing depths ranging 5-8 mm. Following non-surgical and adjunctive therapy, probing depths were considerably reduced and ranged 3-5 mm. As well, a significant degree of radiographic osseous fill of the angular defects was observed.. In light of the dramatic healing responses observed in these cases, the healing potential of deep periodontal defects with non-surgical and adjunctive therapy requires further investigation. Once the critical elements contributing to the positive responses noted can be identified, then perhaps a more predictable outcome may be achieved in future cases.

Topics: Alveolar Bone Loss; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bone Regeneration; Combined Modality Therapy; Dental Plaque; Dental Scaling; Doxycycline; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Root Planing; Subgingival Curettage; Treatment Outcome

The object of this study was to monitor the proportion of vital bacteria (microbial vitality: VF in %) present in subgingival dental plaque following one single subgingival irrigation with saline (S), chlorhexidine (CHX) or povidone iodine (I2), but without any subgingival instrumentation. Its effect on the main composition of the microflora was also assessed. Seventeen patients with adult periodontitis took part in this investigation. In each patient four initially untreated pockets (pocket depth 5-11 mm) associated with bleeding were selected for the standardised pocket irrigation and plaque sampling at baseline (0 h) and after the following 1 h, 24 h, 7 days and 31 days. The subgingival irrigation was only performed once (0 h). One pocket per quadrant was irrigated using 0.9% prereduced S, 0.2% CHX or 0.05% I2 (Iso-Betadine Buccale). The remaining untreated pocket without any irrigation served as an additional control (C). Using an acrylic splint as a guide, paperpoints were inserted into the pocket precisely at the same site to collect subgingival plaque. The bleeding on sampling (BOS) was thereafter noted. The proportions of bacterial morphotypes were examined by darkfield microscopy. VF was evaluated using a vital fluorescence staining. The undisturbed subgingival dental plaque was composed of 86% (median value) vital bacteria. The sampling procedure alone and the saline irrigation led to a decrease in the number of spirochetes but had no influence on the vitality of the flora. Large variations in VF could be observed in the short-term (1 h, 24 h) irrigation effect of CHX and I2. The reduction of VF was still significant after 7 days (VF(CHX) 30-80%, VF(I2) 35-80%) but persisted up to 31 days only after I2 irrigation (VF(I2) 12-90%). The findings indicated that all single subgingival irrigations resulted in a temporary change of the subgingival microflora while povidone iodine produced the longest lasting antimicrobial effect. Any clinical advantage of this situation should be further investigated.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria; Chlorhexidine; Coloring Agents; Dental Plaque; Female; Fluorescence; Follow-Up Studies; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Povidone-Iodine; Sodium Chloride; Spirochaetales; Therapeutic Irrigation; Treatment Outcome

12 patients (7 men and 5 women) with advanced periodontitis and probing depths of 4mm or more were selected to assess the effectiveness of an antiseptic: betadine used in situ, as a subgingival irrigation in periodontal pockets. Although widely used in other fields of medicine such as gynecology and dermatology, betadine has not been used in periodontology. However, betadine is an excellent antiseptic with a wide range of action. The slow release of iodine explains why this antiseptic is well tolerated by mucosae. The oral cavity was divided in 2 parts: the left side was irrigated with betadine while the right side was irrigated with saline which was used as a control. Irrigations were performed once a day during a period of 15 days. Patients were able to carry out the irrigations themselves after careful, instruction. Thc practitioner carried out the irrigation on day 0 and day 8. The comparison of clinical and histological data showed a decrease in gingival inflammation after 15 days of treatment. By means of the Student "t" test significant decreases in the plaque index, the gingival, index and the bleeding index were observed between day 0 and day 15 as well as a significant increase in recession. These clinical results were correlated with histological findings. Significant decreases in the volumetric density of the infiltrated connective tissue, the non collagenous structures and the number of plasma cells were observed as well as significant increases in the volumetric density of the non-infiltrated connective tissue of the collagenous structures and the number of fibroblasts.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Connective Tissue; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Epithelium; Female; Gingivitis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Povidone-Iodine; Therapeutic Irrigation; Time Factors

This study was undertaken to determine the optimal concentration of a povidone-iodine solution (Neojodin: NJD) for irrigation of subgingival pockets. Three different dilutions were prepared (undiluted, 20%, and 10%). Statistically significant reduction of total colony forming units (CFU) was shown after irrigation with undiluted NJD solution when compared to control sites. Although reduction was not significant after irrigation with 20% or 10% NJD solution, total CFU were reduced to less than 1% in several sites, which was not true with biological saline.

Topics: Bacteroides; Colony Count, Microbial; Humans; Periodontal Pocket; Povidone-Iodine; Therapeutic Irrigation

Topics: Adult; Dental Plaque; Female; Gingiva; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine; Therapeutic Irrigation; Water