povidone-iodine and Mycoses

To better inform medical practitioners on the role of antiseptics in oropharyngeal health and disease, this article focuses on povidone-iodine (PVP-I), an established and widely-available antiseptic agent.. Review of the anti-infective profile, efficacy and safety of PVP-I in managing common upper respiratory tract infections such as the common cold, influenza and tonsillo-pharyngitis, as well as oral complications resulting from cancer treatment (oral mucositis), and dental conditions (periodontitis, caries).. Antiseptics with broad-spectrum anti-infective activity and low resistance potential offer an attractive option in both infection control and prevention. While there is some evidence of benefit of antiseptics in a variety of clinical settings that include dental and oral hygiene, dermatology, oncology, and pulmonology, there appears to be discordance between the evidence-base and practice. This is especially apparent in the management and prevention of oropharyngeal infections, for which the use of antiseptics varies considerably between clinical practices, and is in marked contrast to their dermal application, where they are extensively used as both a prophylaxis and a treatment of skin and wound infections, thus minimising the use of antibiotics.. The link between oral and oropharyngeal health status and susceptibility to infection has long been recognised. The high rates of antibiotic misuse and subsequent development of bacterial resistance (e.g. increasing vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)) in large parts of the world, especially across Asia Pacific, highlight the need for identifying alternative antimicrobials that would minimise the use of these medications. This, together with recent large-scale outbreaks of, for example, avian and swine influenza virus, further underline the importance of an increasing armamentarium for infection prevention and control.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infection Control; Mouth Diseases; Mycoses; Povidone-Iodine; Respiratory Tract Infections; Virus Diseases

Clinical experience proved the efficacy of Betadine suppository in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and mycotic infections of the vagina. Vaginal infections, frequently observed in pregnancy, can led to maternal and fetal complications, thus Betadine should be used both for prevention and therapy. One can ask if iodine absorbed from the vagina can influence the fetal thyroid function? 64 pregnant women received 7 day Betadine suppository (200 mg polyvidonum-iodine PVP) treatment for colpitis on 37-40 gestational week with excellent therapeutic result. TSH levels were measured by immunoassay in the serum of newborns 4-5 days after delivery, no signs of hypothyroidism were observed. Authors recommended 7 day Betadine vaginal suppository regimen for the prevention of intrauterine infections, treatment of mixed (bacterial, mycotical) vaginal infections, and restoration of the normal vaginal equilibrium of bacterias, since the risk of hypothyroidism is negligeable in mature newborns. In case of prematurity hypothyroidism is more frequently found also without iodine treatment therefore TSH level control is recommended in each case.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacterial Infections; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mycoses; Povidone-Iodine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Suppositories; Thyrotropin; Vagina; Vaginitis

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Corneal Transplantation; Humans; Mycoses; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine

Fungal-bacterial interactions generate unique biofilms that cause many infections in humans. Candida albicans interact with Streptococcus mutans in dental biofilms associated with severe childhood tooth-decay, a prevalent pediatric oral disease. Current modalities are ineffective and primarily based on antimicrobial monotherapies despite the polymicrobial nature of the infection. Here, we show that the combination of clinically used topical antifungal fluconazole with povidone iodine (PI) can completely suppress C. albicans carriage and mixed-biofilm formation without increasing bacterial killing activity in vivo. We unexpectedly found that the inclusion of PI enhanced fluconazole efficacy by potently disrupting the assembly of a protective bacterial exopolysaccharide (EPS) matrix through inhibition of α-glucan synthesis by S. mutans exoenzyme (GtfB) bound on the fungal surface. Further analyses revealed that the EPS produced in situ directly bind and sequester fluconazole, reducing uptake and intracellular transportation of the drug. Conversely, inhibition of GtfB activity by PI, enzymatic degradation of the α-glucan matrix or co-culturing with gtfB-defective S. mutans re-established antifungal susceptibility. Hence, topical antifungal has limitations in mixed oral biofilms due to enhanced C. albicans tolerance to fluconazole afforded by the shielding effect of bacterial-derived EPS. The data provide new insights for treatment of C. albicans in cross-kingdom biofilms, indicating that EPS inhibitors may be required for enhanced killing efficacy and optimal anti-biofilm activity.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Bacterial Infections; Biofilms; Candida albicans; Drug Tolerance; Enzymes; Female; Fluconazole; Glucans; Metagenome; Mouth Diseases; Mycoses; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Povidone-Iodine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Streptococcus mutans

We report a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Corynespora cassiicola. Molecular identification of this pathogen on grasses confirms that it may be involved in human infection, as previously reported once in pre-molecular literature. In vitro antifungal susceptibility data of the strain are provided. The patient was successfully treated with oral terbinafine with topical povidone iodine in accordance with the results obtained through in vitro susceptibility testing.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Antifungal Agents; Ascomycota; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microscopy; Middle Aged; Mycoses; Naphthalenes; Povidone-Iodine; Terbinafine

Chytridiomycosis, a disease contributing to amphibian declines worldwide, is caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Identifying efficient and practical disinfectants effective against B. dendrobatidis is important to reduce the spread of the disease both in the wild and captivity. Previous studies identified a range of suitable disinfectant strategies. We evaluated the suitability of 3 additional disinfectants: two of these (TriGene Virucidal Disinfectant Cleaner and F10 Super Concentrate Disinfectant) are mixtures of chemicals and one (Betadine Antiseptic Liquid) contains a single active ingredient, povidone iodine. The disinfectants were tested using a range of concentrations for 1,5 and 10 min to determine their ability to kill B. dendrobatidis in vitro. The measure of effectiveness was 100% kill of zoosporangia grown in multiwell plates. All disinfectants had a 100% efficacy at concentrations recommended by the manufacturers. The lowest concentrations capable of 100% kill after exposure for 1 min were 0.1 ml l(-1) for TriGene, 0.33 ml l(-1) for F10 and 100 ml l(-1) for Betadine. TriGene is the most effective disinfectant yet to be found, and both TriGene and F10 are more effective than various disinfectants tested in previous studies. TriGene and F10 are considered suitable for use in the field, as only small amounts of concentrate are needed.

Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chytridiomycota; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Mycoses; Povidone-Iodine; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antifungal Agents; Basidiomycota; Cat Diseases; Cats; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Granuloma; Itraconazole; Male; Mycoses; Povidone-Iodine; Tail; Treatment Outcome

The Betadine is an antiseptic PVP (polyvinil prrolidon)-iodine containing, water soluble solution, which has been in circulation in Hungary for years. Until now Betadine was not applied in the oral cavity for bacterial and fungal infections, although its effectiveness is unquery. The PVP-iodine is water solubilized that's why it does not sting the healthy or ill oral mucosa and has not side effects as discoloration of the teeth and tongue and trouble in the sensation of taste as does chlorhexidine. The only contraindication is iodine allergy. In the present study: in periodontal cases (abscesses, postoperative prevention) and in oral medicine cases alone or in combination with specific treatment schedule was Betadine applied. PVP-iodine as oral rinse was applied in 25 cases. According to our experience Betadine was excellent against bacterial and fungal infections in the oral cavity, which prevent or treat bacterial infections after surgical interventions. By this way the bacterial superinfections of exulcerant oral mucosal diseases avoidable.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacterial Infections; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Mycoses; Oral Surgical Procedures; Periodontal Diseases; Povidone-Iodine

Topics: Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hair Diseases; Humans; Lice Infestations; Mitosporic Fungi; Mycoses; Piedra; Povidone-Iodine; Scalp

Topics: Bacterial Infections; Conjunctival Diseases; Corneal Diseases; Humans; Keratoconjunctivitis; Mycoses; Ophthalmic Solutions; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine; Virus Diseases

Topics: Catheterization; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Female; Gastrostomy; Glucose; Humans; Insulin; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Mycoses; Parenteral Nutrition; Penicillins; Postoperative Complications; Potassium Chloride; Povidone-Iodine; Sepsis; Serum Albumin; Sodium Chloride; Vena Cava, Superior; Vitamins