povidone-iodine and Chronic-Disease

Although complete healing may appear to be the logical goal for most patients and clinicians, some wounds do not have the potential to heal due to a number of factors such as inadequate vasculature, coexisting medical conditions and medications that prohibit the healing process. Local management of wounds that are considered to have poor potential for healing remains elusive. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence that supports the use of topical antiseptic agents in non-healable wounds. Retrospective chart audit was conducted to evaluate the use of povidone iodine in the management of wounds that were deemed to have poor healing potential.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Povidone-Iodine; Retrospective Studies; Skin Ulcer; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Adult; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Povidone-Iodine; Prevotella intermedia; Subgingival Curettage; Tin Fluorides

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bandages; Chronic Disease; Evidence-Based Medicine; Foot Ulcer; Humans; Patient Selection; Podiatry; Povidone-Iodine; Skin Care; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing; Wound Infection

The natural element iodine has been used for more than 150 years to prevent infection and treat wounds. Yet only due to the development of iodophors has it become possible to use this highly efficient microbicide in a wide range of medical applications. The antimicrobial spectrum is universal. Its efficiency against clinically and epidemiologically significant new pathogens, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp. has also been validated. No development of resistance has been determined. New data are also available on the excellent local tolerability of Betaisodona (povidone-iodine) preparations. On these grounds, a number of clinical fields exist in prophylaxis and therapy, for either once only or repeated applications: the disinfection of hands and skin, mucosa antisepsis, intra- and postoperative wound treatment, therapy of skin infections, burns and chronic wounds.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antisepsis; Bacterial Infections; Burns; Chronic Disease; Enterococcus; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Hand; Humans; Intraoperative Care; Iodophors; Methicillin Resistance; Mucous Membrane; Postoperative Care; Povidone-Iodine; Skin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Wound Infection

Mediastinitis is one of severe and fatal complications after cardiac surgery, especially in the presence of a prosthetic graft. A 70-year-old male, who was suffered from chronic sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis after ascending aorta and hemiarch reconstruction was reported. He developed high fever and leucocytosis on the 16th postoperative day. Wound culture was positive for Grampositive organisms. He was diagnosed as having sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis and treated by sternal bone debridement and irrigation with dilute povidone iodine solution with no effects. Total excision of the infected sternum, irrigation with non-diluted solution of povidone iodine and omental transfer were performed successfully. The literature regarding omental transfer for mediastinitis and infected prosthetic grafts was briefly reviewed.

Topics: Aged; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Mediastinitis; Omentum; Osteomyelitis; Povidone-Iodine; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Sternum; Therapeutic Irrigation

To evaluate the efficacy of postoperative nasal irrigation with povidone-iodine (PVP-I) solution in patients undergoing sinonasal surgery.. Single-blind, randomized controlled study.. This is a prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study. Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and hypertrophic inferior turbinates who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and inferior turbinate reduction were enrolled in the study. Patients were evaluated using the Taiwanese version of the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (TWSNOT-22), rhinomanometry, endoscopic examination, and bacterial cultures. One week after the operation, patients were randomly assigned to either a 0.1% PVP-I nasal irrigation group or a control (normal saline) irrigation group. We then compared the two groups' results to illustrate the effects of nasal irrigation with PVP-I solution following sinonasal surgery.. Of the 55 patients that completed the study, 27 patients were in the PVP-I group and 28 were in the control group. In both groups, the TWSNOT-22 scores, Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scores, and total nasal resistance (TNR) all revealed significant improvements at 3 months postoperatively compared with preoperative measurements (all, P < .05). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in TWSNOT-22, endoscopic, or TNR scores 3 months after the operation (all, P > .05).. A dilute 0.1% PVP-I nasal irrigation as a postoperative care modality after sinonasal surgery did not provide additional benefit compared with normal saline irrigation.. 2 Laryngoscope, 132:1148-1152, 2022.

Topics: Chronic Disease; Endoscopy; Humans; Nasal Lavage; Paranasal Sinuses; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Rhinitis; Saline Solution; Single-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome

Chronic wounds represent a major health burden contributing to substantial mortality, morbidity and costs. Several new treatment options are currently available, which has revolutionised the management of chronic wounds. The present study is a single centre, prospective, clinical trial comparing oxum (super oxidised water) and betadine as a topical treatment of chronic wounds conducted in 30 Indian patients, with 15 patients in each group. At the end of the study, there was a significant reduction in primary parameters such as wound area and microbial colony count in oxum treated group compared to betadine group. However, both the oxum and betadine treated group showed a similar results when the secondary parameters such as oedema, erythema and granulation tissue were considered. Oxum was better tolerated than betadine. It can be concluded that use of oxum (super oxidised water) is a novel technological innovation in the therapy of chronic wounds. Oxum has been shown to be effective, well tolerated and superior to betadine in wound care.

Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Colony Count, Microbial; Female; Health Status Indicators; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Male; Oxidants; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

The aim of this double blind study was to evaluate the effect of various mouthwashes: Chlorhexidine, Essential oil, Azadirachta indica (Neem) extract, and Povidone iodine on gingival tissue interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) levels in patients with chronic gingivitis. A total of 8O patients (42 boys, 38 girls; mean age 16.0 +/- 1.8 years) were included in this study. Patients were randomly assigned into four groups of 20 each: Group I--Azadirachta indica (Neem) extract, Group II--Essential oil, Group III--Povidone iodine, and Group IV--Chlorhexidine. They were instructed to use these mouthwashes for two weeks. Plaque and gingival indices scores, and IL-2 and IFN-gamma levels in the gingival tissues were measured at baseline and after two weeks of mouthwash use. Results showed the reduction of plaque and gingival indices, and IL-2 and IFN-gamma level with Chlorhexidine, Essential oil, and Povidone iodine, which were found to be statistically significant. Although Neem reduced the level of plaque and gingival indices, and IL-2 and IFN-gamma to a certain level, it was not statistically significant. Therefore, Chlorhexidine, Essential oil, and Povidone iodine mouthwashes can be used as an adjunct to oral prophylaxis in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-2 and IFN-gamma in patients with chronic gingivitis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Child; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Dental Care for Children; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gingiva; Gingivitis; Glycerides; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-2; Male; Mouthwashes; Oils, Volatile; Periodontal Index; Plant Oils; Povidone-Iodine; Statistics, Nonparametric; Terpenes; Treatment Outcome

The treatment of venous leg ulcers is often inadequate, because of incorrect diagnosis, overuse of systemic antibiotics and inadequate use of compression therapy. Stasis dermatitis related to chronic venous insufficiency accompanied by infected superficial ulcers must be differentiated from erysipelas, cellulitis and contact eczema.. To assess the effectiveness of (1) topical povidone-iodine with and (2) without compression bandages, (3) to compare the efficacy of systemic antibiotics and topical antimicrobial agents to prevent the progression of superficial skin ulcers.. 63 patients presenting ulcerated stasis dermatitis due to deep venous refluxes were included in the study. The clinical stage of all patients was homogeneous determined by clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological classification. They were examined by taking a bacteriological swab from their ulcer area. Compression bandages were used in a total of 42 patients. Twenty-one patients with superficial infected (Staphylococcus aureus) ulcers were treated locally with povidone-iodine (Betadine), and 21 patients were treated with systemic antibiotics (amoxicillin). Twenty-one patients were treated locally with Betadine but did not use compression. The end point was the time of ulcus healing. The healing process of the ulcers was related to the impact of bacterial colonization and clinical signs of infection.. Compression increases the ulcer healing rate compared with no compression. Using the same local povidone-iodine (Betadine) treatment with compression bandages is more effective (82%) for ulcus healing than without compression therapy (62%). The healing rate of ulcers treated with systemic antibiotics was not significantly better (85%) than that of the Betadine group. Using systemic antibiotics, the relapse rate of superficial bacterial infections (impetigo, folliculitis) was significantly higher (32%) than in patients with local disinfection (11%).. Compression is essential in the mobilization of the interstitial lymphatic fluid from the region of stasis dermatitis. Topical disinfection and appropriate wound dressings are important to prevent wound infection. Systemic antibiotics are necessary only in systemic infections (fever, lymphangitis, lymphadenopathy, erysipelas).

Topics: Aged; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bandages; Chronic Disease; Humans; Middle Aged; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Quality Control; Recurrence; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Treatment Outcome; Varicose Ulcer; Wound Healing; Wound Infection

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical effects of one-stage periodontal debridement with an ultrasonic instrument, associated with 0.5% povidone (pvp)-iodine irrigation in patients with chronic periodontitis.. Forty-five patients were randomly assigned into three groups: the control group (CG) received quadrant root planing at 1-week intervals over four consecutive sessions; the periodontal debridement plus pvp-iodine group (PD-PIG) received a 45-minute full-mouth debridement with an ultrasonic instrument, associated with 0.5% pvp-iodine irrigation; and the periodontal debridement group (PDG) received a 45-minute full-mouth periodontal debridement with an ultrasonic instrument, associated with NaCl irrigation.. At the 3-month evaluation, the mean probing depth (PD) reduction in CG was 2.51+/-0.52 mm, 2.53+/-0.50 mm in PD-PIG, and 2.58+/-0.60 mm in PDG (P<0.05). The clinical attachment level (CAL) analysis showed a statistically significant gain in all groups compared to baseline (1.87+/-0.56 mm [CG], 1.94+/-0.70 mm [PD-PIG], and 1.99+/-0.92 mm [PDG]). Intergroup analysis of PD and CAL at 1 and 3 months showed no differences (P>0.05). The N-benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA) test showed a significant reduction in trypsin activity only during the first month (P<0.05); at 3 months there were no differences compared to baseline (P=0.80).. This study provides no evidence that pvp-iodine is effective as an adjunct for one-stage periodontal debridement.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Benzoylarginine Nitroanilide; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque; Dental Scaling; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Single-Blind Method; Statistics, Nonparametric; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy

The aim of this study was to compare serum antibody responses to periodontal pathogens after single-visit full-mouth ultrasonic debridement and quadrant-wise therapy.. Thirty-six subjects with chronic periodontitis were randomized into three groups: quadrant-wise debridement in four visits, one-visit full-mouth debridement with water and with povidone iodine. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after treatment and 1, 3 and 6 months post-therapy. Serum antibody titres and avidity to Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia and Treponema denticola were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and thiocyanate ELISA, respectively.. IgG titres to P. gingivalis significantly decreased at 1, 3 and 6 months in full-mouth debridement with water group, while significant reductions were seen only at 3 and 6 months after quadrant-wise debridement. Both full-mouth groups showed significant reduction in IgG titres to A. actinomycetemcomitans at 3 and 6 months. Significant increases in antibody avidity to P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were noted 3 months following full-mouth debridement with povidone.. Both full-mouth and quadrant treatments generally resulted in a decrease in antibody titres and increase in antibody avidity. Full-mouth debridement induced an earlier reduction of IgG titre to P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans, than quadrant-wise therapy.

Topics: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antibody Affinity; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Povidone-Iodine; Prevotella intermedia; Saliva; Single-Blind Method; Subgingival Curettage; Treponema denticola; Ultrasonic Therapy

Antiseptics and antibiotics delivered either locally or systemically have been used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing procedures in order to control the subgingival biofilm and thereby enhancing the treatment outcome. The results presented in the literature are, however, inconclusive. Povidone-iodine (PVP-iodine) has a bactericidal effect and is effective against most bacteria, including putative periodontal pathogens. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical effect of PVP-iodine as an adjunct to ultrasonic scaling in the treatment of severe chronic periodontitis.. Twenty patients were recruited to the study. Each test site and the related quadrant were randomly assigned to one of four different treatment modalities: ultrasonic scaling + subgingival irrigation with 0.5% PVP-iodine for 5 min/tooth, ultrasonic scaling + subgingival irrigation with sterile saline solution for 5 min/tooth, subgingival irrigation with sterile saline solution for 5 min/tooth, and subgingival irrigation with 0.5% PVP-iodine for 5 min/tooth. The individuals were followed longitudinally for 6 months.. The present study showed that non-surgical periodontal therapy by means of an ultrasonic device was effective in attaining a healthy periodontal status in patients with severe periodontal lesions. No additive effect was found when PVP-iodine was included.. Ultrasonic debridement using Odontogain is effective in controlling infection in patients with severe chronic periodontitis. PVP-iodine does not add any clinical benefit to the ultrasonic debridement alone under these circumstances.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Chronic Disease; Debridement; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Diseases; Povidone-Iodine; Therapeutic Irrigation; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy; Wound Healing

The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to determine the effects of single-visit full-mouth ultrasonic debridement versus quadrant-wise therapy.. Thirty-six subjects with chronic periodontitis, were randomly allocated to three groups--quadrant-wise ultrasonic debridement, single-visit full-mouth ultrasonic debridement with povidone iodine and single-visit full-mouth ultrasonic debridement with water. Whole-mouth plaque, bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth and attachment level were recorded before treatment and 1, 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Plaque and saliva samples were collected for microbiological analysis.. After treatment, all groups showed significant improvement in clinical parameters. Full-mouth treatments resulted in similar improvements in full-mouth mean plaque percentage, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level as conventional therapy. When data were analysed based on pocket depth and tooth type, there was no difference between groups in probing depth reduction or attachment gains. The full-mouth groups demonstrated greater reduction in BOP% and number of pockets > or =5 mm and the total treatment time was significantly shorter. The detection frequencies of periodontal pathogens in plaque and saliva showed slight changes with no difference between groups.. Single-visit full-mouth mechanical debridement may have limited additional benefits over quadrant-wise therapy in the treatment of periodontitis, but can be completed in a shorter time.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque; Dental Scaling; DNA, Bacterial; Episode of Care; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Satisfaction; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis; Povidone-Iodine; Saliva; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy

To determine the efficacy of Burow's solution as an otologic preparation for the treatment of chronic ear infection.. Two studies were included: 1) a prospective clinical study and 2) a laboratory study on antibacterial and antifungal effects.. A private otology practice and a laboratory study.. Fifty-eight patients with refractory otorrhea.. Diagnosis by otoscopy, audiometry, and bacteriology.. Burow's solution was mixed in solutions with four organisms: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus. Soon after Burow's solution was mixed in the solutions with organisms, and 5, 10, and 20 minutes thereafter, the mixtures were cultured on agars. The numbers of the bacterial or fungal colonies were counted to evaluate the effect of Burow's solution.. Changes in the clinical findings of the ears, the symptom of otorrhea, and side effects were assessed.. Thirty-five (70%) of the 50 ears assessed were "cured" and 10 (20%) ears assessed were "improved." No significant side effect was observed. Regarding the laboratory study, the four organisms disappeared within 20 minutes after Burow's solution was mixed.. Burow's solution was considered to be an effective otologic preparation.

Topics: Acetates; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Aspergillus; Candida albicans; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Otitis Externa; Otitis Media; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumoniae

To compare the effectiveness of ototopical ciprofloxacin (0.3%; CIP) with framycetin (0.5%), gramicidin, dexamethasone (FGD) eardrops (5 drops twice daily for 9 days) together with povidone-iodine (0.5%) ear cleaning as treatments for chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) in Aboriginal children.. Aboriginal community-controlled, community-based, multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial in eight Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services across northern Australia, involving 147 Aboriginal children with CSOM.. Resolution of otorrhoea (clinical cure), proportion of children with healed perforated tympanic membrane (TM) and improved hearing, 10-21 days after starting treatment.. 111 children aged 1-14 years (CIP, 55; FGD, 56) completed treatment. CSOM cures occurred in 64% (CIP, 76.4%; FGD, 51.8%), with a significantly higher rate in the ciprofloxacin group (P = 0.009, absolute difference of 24.6% [95% CI, 15.8%-33.4%]). TM perforation size and the level of hearing impairment did not change. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacterial pathogen (in 47.6%), while respiratory pathogens were rare (in 5.7%).. Twice-daily ear cleaning and topical ciprofloxacin is effective at community-level in achieving cure for CSOM. Healthcare providers to Aboriginal children with CSOM should be given special access to provide ototopical ciprofloxacin as first-line treatment.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Anti-Infective Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Ciprofloxacin; Community Health Services; Dexamethasone; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Framycetin; Gramicidin; Humans; Infant; Male; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; Otitis Media, Suppurative; Povidone-Iodine; Queensland; Treatment Outcome; Western Australia

To evaluate if povidone-iodine (PVP-I) can be used topically in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media-tubotympanic disease and to compare it with ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ear drops.. Prospective double-blind randomized study.. Academic tertiary medical center.. Forty patients with chronic suppurative otitis media were randomized into 2 groups.. One group (19 patients) received 5% PVP-I ear drops, while the other group (21 patients) received 0.3% ciprofloxacin ear drops. Both were administered topically, 3 drops 3 times daily for 10 days. These patients were followed up at weekly intervals for up to 4 weeks after commencing therapy.. Clinical improvement at the end of study was 88% in the PVP-I group and 90% in the ciprofloxacin group. The most commonly isolated organism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In vitro resistance to ciprofloxacin was seen in 17% of organisms, while no resistance was seen for PVP-I.. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the efficacy of PVP-I as a topical agent in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media. The results show that clinically, topical PVP-I is as effective as topical ciprofloxacin, with a superior advantage of having no in vitro drug resistance. Also, there is an added benefit of reduced cost of therapy.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Child; Chronic Disease; Ciprofloxacin; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Otitis Media, Suppurative; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Tympanic Membrane Perforation

The present study was performed to assess the effect of topically-applied PVP-iodine, used as an adjunct both during basic non-surgical therapy and at re-treatment during the long-term maintenance of patients with advanced periodontal disease.. 223 patients with advanced destructive periodontitis were recruited. The participants met the following inclusion criteria: (i) a minimum of 8 non-molar teeth, (ii) probing pocket depth of > or = 6 mm at > or = 2 teeth in each dentate quadrant, and radiographic bone loss exceeding 40% at the same teeth. A baseline I examination included assessment of plaque, gingivitis, probing pocket depth (PPD), probing attachment level (PAL) and radiographic bone height (RxBL). Following baseline I, the patients were stratified into 2 treatment groups; 2 subjects out of 3 were included in a control group and 1 in a test group. All participants, on an individual basis, received a case presentation and were instructed in proper self-performed plaque control measures. Non-surgical therapy was performed by the use of an ultrasonic device. The instrumentation in the test group was combined with the administration of 0.1% PVP-iodine. All subjects were recalled for comprehensive examinations 3, 6 and 12 months (baseline II) after baseline I and then after 3, 5 and 13 years of maintenance therapy. PAL determinations were performed annually. Subjects (losers) who at the re-examinations after 1, 2 and 3 years of maintenance demonstrated an annual further loss of PAL > or = 2 mm at > or = 4 teeth were exited from the study and referred for re-treatment. There were 9 losers in the test and 31 in the control group. In addition, 8 subjects in the test and 25 subjects in the control group withdrew from the trial for reasons unrelated to the study. These 73 subjects were not included in the data presentation from the various examinations.. It was demonstrated that non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in (i) improved gingival conditions, (ii) reduced PPD, (iii) gain in PAL. It was also documented that the topical application of 0.1% PVP-iodine in conjunction with the mechanical root debridement established conditions which further improved the outcome of therapy. This was evidenced by the fact that at the 3, 6, and 12 months re-examinations after baseline I, the test group had significantly lower mean PPD values and significantly more gain of PAL than the control group. During the 12 years of SPT, it was possible for most subjects in both groups to maintain shallow pockets and to avoid marked further loss of PAL. There were, however, a larger number of losers in the control than in the test group.. PVP-iodine, topically applied during subgingival instrumentation, may improve the outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Alveolar Bone Loss; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Dental Scaling; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gingivitis; Humans; Iodophors; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Povidone-Iodine; Statistics as Topic; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic Therapy

Bacterial biofilms on the sinonasal mucosa, especially biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, are associated with greater severity and recalcitrance of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). There are few, if any, antibiofilm agents suitable for sinonasal application available for the management of this problem. Nasodine® Nasal Spray (Nasodine) is a 0.5% povidone-iodine-based formulation that has been developed for sinonasal application. We investigated the antibiofilm efficacy of Nasodine to determine whether it may be a candidate for the treatment of biofilm-associated CRS.. Biofilms of S. aureus ATCC 6538 were grown in vitro using the Centers for Disease Control biofilm reactor. Intact biofilms were treated by immersion in 0.9% saline (control), half concentration Nasodine, or full concentration Nasodine for between 5 min and 6 h. Further biofilm cells were dispersed into suspension then treated for between 30 s and 5 min. Surviving bacteria were then enumerated by culture and counting colonies, and the log. Nasodine demonstrated time and concentration-dependent bacterial killing against intact biofilm. Statistically significant reductions in viable bacteria from intact biofilms were seen with exposures as brief as 5 min. Nasodine consistently eradicated dispersed biofilm within 1 min.. Nasodine is highly active against biofilms of S. aureus ATCC 6538 in vitro. Biofilm killing is impeded by the presence of the intact biofilm structure.. In chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), bacterial communities called biofilms are associated with more severe inflammation. An iodine-based nasal spray called Nasodine almost completely eradicates bacterial biofilms after 6 h of exposure. Nasodine may be useful for treating CRS. Laryngoscope, 133:2490-2495, 2023.

Topics: Biofilms; Chronic Disease; Humans; Nasal Sprays; Povidone-Iodine; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Staphylococcus aureus

Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Ointments; Povidone-Iodine; Skin Ulcer; Sugars; Ulcer

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Chronic Disease; Dermatitis, Contact; Erythema; Humans; Male; Mastoidectomy; Medical Illustration; Otitis Media, Suppurative; Postoperative Complications; Povidone-Iodine

The gram-negative bacteria secreted endotoxin, Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), plays important roles in the formation and recurrence of hepatolithiasis and chronic biliary inflammation in patients of Southeast Asia. We aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of local antibiotics irrigation on chronic proliferative cholangitis (CPC) and hepatolithiasis.. Escherichia coli was injected into rabbit bile ducts to induce CPC. Rabbits were divided into sham operation (SO), povidone-iodine, Metronidazole plus chlorhexidine, ofloxacin, furacillin, Neosporin® G.U., and CPC groups. Local irrigation was performed for 28 days after CPC was established. Residual E. coli and LPS, and the expression of MCP-1, CD14, COX-2, VEGF, IL-6, NF-κB, TNF-α, Fas, TGF-β1, α-SMA, Collagen-I, β-glucuronidase, PKC, C-myc, and Mucin 5AC were assessed in bile duct tissues.. The residual E. coli and LPS, and expression of MCP-1, CD14, COX-2, IL-6, NF-κB, TNF-α, Fas, TGF-β1, α-SMA, β-glucuronidase, PKC, C-myc, and Mucin 5AC in the SO, povidone-iodine, Metronidazole plus chlorhexidine, ofloxacin, and Neosporin® G.U. groups were significantly lower than those in the furacillin and CPC groups (P<0.05). VEGF and Collagen-I levels in the SO, povidone-iodine, metronidazole plus chlorhexidine, and ofloxacin groups were significantly lower than those in the furacillin, Neosporin® G.U., and CPC groups (P<0.05).. LPS affects the pathophysiology of E. coli caused chronic proliferative cholangitis and hepatolithiasis recurrence. Local antibiotics irrigation could prevent chronic proliferative cholangitis and stones formation by decreasing LPS-induced proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines release. Povidone iodine, metronidazole plus chlorhexidine, and ofloxacin were more effective than Neosporin® G.U. and furacillin.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacitracin; Chlorhexidine; Cholangitis; Chronic Disease; Collagen Type I; Cytokines; Drug Combinations; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Lipopolysaccharides; Lithiasis; Liver Diseases; Metronidazole; Neomycin; Nitrofurazone; Ofloxacin; Polymyxin B; Povidone-Iodine; Rabbits; Therapeutic Irrigation; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

BACKGROUND The management of chronic unilateral hematuria (CUH) caused by benign lesions is a therapeutic challenge to many urologists. The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of povidone iodine sclerotherapy for CUH. MATERIAL AND METHODS We identified 20 patients who underwent povidone iodine sclerotherapy to treat CUH between September 2013 and August 2017. Radiologic and hematologic tests were normal, no definite cause of hematuria was revealed, and the malignant lesions were excluded. Cystoscopy and ureteroscopy indicated the lesions were located in the renal pelvis. The goal of successful treatment was no recurrence of hematuria during follow-up. RESULTS The present study analyzed 20 patients (9 females and 11 males), 24-73 years old (mean age 44.6) with mean follow-up of 23.8 (range 13-60) months. Endoscopic findings included discrete lesions, diffuse lesions, and no obvious lesion. Discrete lesions were identified as hemangioma (4/20, 20%), minute venous rupture (12/20, 60%), and varix (1/20, 5%). Diffuse lesions were founded via ureteroscopy in 2 (2/20, 10%) patients. In the remaining 1 (1/20, 5%) patient, no obvious lesion was found. All patients with CUH were treated with 0.5% povidone iodine for pelvicalyceal system instillation, which was given at 12-h intervals for 3 days. Only 1 patient experienced recurrent gross hematuria, after 24 months postoperatively. The overall success rate, defined as resolution of gross hematuria after povidone iodine sclerotherapy, was 95%. No complications were recorded. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that povidone iodine sclerotherapy could be an effective, safe, and minimally invasive treatment for chronic unilateral hematuria caused by benign lesions.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Female; Hematuria; Humans; Kidney Pelvis; Male; Middle Aged; Povidone-Iodine; Sclerotherapy; Ureteroscopy

Recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis is a persistent inflammatory condition of the sinonasal mucosa despite adequate medical therapy and sinus surgery. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of dilute povidone-iodine (PVP-I) sinonasal rinses as an adjunctive therapy.. Prospective cohort study. Twenty-nine recalcitrant CRS patients with endoscopic evidence of ongoing inflammation and purulent discharge were prescribed 0.08% diluted PVP-I rinses. Changes to endoscopic modified Lund-Kennedy (MLK) scores at 7 weeks post-PVP-I rinsing served as the primary outcome measure.. The median MLK-discharge score significantly decreased in all patients by 1.50 points post-PVP-I rinsing (p value < 0.01). The total MLK score significantly decreased in all patients by 1.50 points (p value = 0.01). Up to a 17% reduction in serum inflammatory markers was measured post-PVP-I rinsing. Sinonasal culture revealed a shift from moderate-heavy growth to lighter bacterial growth overall. Subjective SNOT-22 scores significantly improved overall by ≥ 1 minimal clinically important difference (MCID > 12; baseline median = 33; follow-up median = 20; p value < 0.01; n = 22). TSH levels increased non-significantly within normal ranges (baseline median = 1.59 mU/L; follow-up median = 1.92 mU/L; p = 0.10; n = 15). Mucociliary clearance time increased non-significantly within normal ranges (baseline median = 9 min; follow-up median = 10 min; p value = 0.53; n = 17). Olfactory Sniffin'16 scores non-significantly decreased within age-related normal ranges (baseline median = 14; follow-up median = 13; p value = 0.72; n = 18).. A dilute 0.08% PVP-I sinonasal rinse as an ancillary therapy in recalcitrant CRS significantly reduces signs of infection alongside notable symptom improvement, without affecting thyroid function, mucociliary clearance or olfaction.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Cohort Studies; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Middle Aged; Mucociliary Clearance; Nasal Lavage; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Rhinitis; Severity of Illness Index; Sinusitis; Therapeutic Irrigation; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Animals; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Child; Chronic Disease; Diptera; Disease Susceptibility; Ear Canal; Humans; Larva; Male; Myiasis; Otitis Media with Effusion; Povidone-Iodine; Therapeutic Irrigation; Tympanic Membrane Perforation

The aim of this single-arm prospective study was to determine the flora of the external auditory canal (EAC) in inactive chronic otitis media and evaluate the alteration of microorganisms of the EAC during tympanoplasty upon povidone-iodine antisepsis. Sixty-three patients with central tympanic membrane perforation were enrolled in the study. Preoperative swab cultures were obtained and the EAC was packed with povidone-iodine absorbed gauze. Type I tympanoplasty via a retroauricular route was performed. Cultures from the EAC were taken at the end of each operation. Isolated organisms were identified based upon microbiological, morphological, and biochemical characteristics. The most commonly isolated organisms from preoperative samples were normal commensal flora, including 73 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and 18 diphtheroid bacilli (DB). Less commonly cultured pathogenic species included four isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and three isolates of Candida albicans. No bacteria were observed in five patients. Following povidone-iodine antisepsis, 32 of the samples were negative. Eradication was statistically significant for CNS, DB and pathogen microorganism (P < 0.05). Isolated bacteria differed from those in preoperative swab cultures in eight cases. After antisepsis, diverse strains of the CNS were isolated in 13 cases and 10 patients showed no change in microbial flora. Postoperative culture demonstrated that all seven pathogenic isolates were eradicated (100 %); this selective efficacy of povidone-iodine antisepsis against pathogenic isolates was significant when compared with commensal flora (P < 0.05). These results suggest that povidone-iodine antisepsis of the EAC before tympanoplasty is an effective method for the elimination microorganisms, especially pathogenic bacteria.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antisepsis; Bacteria; Chronic Disease; Ear Canal; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myringoplasty; Otitis Media; Povidone-Iodine; Prospective Studies; Tympanic Membrane Perforation; Young Adult

Giant fornix syndrome is a chronic copiously purulent conjunctivitis seen in elderly patients with dehiscence of the levator palpebrae superioris aponeurosis. We report a case of giant fornix syndrome secondary to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus conjunctivitis that was recalcitrant to standard treatment modalities, and we describe 2 novel interventions for this condition, which succeeded in eradicating the infection.. Case report.. After failing an aggressive treatment course of topical antibiotics and corticosteroids and after demonstrating an inability to tolerate oral antibiotics, the patient was treated with supratarsal subconjunctival injections of vancomycin and triamcinolone, followed by repeated sweepings of the conjunctival fornices with 10% povidone-iodine on a cotton swab. The patient's symptoms improved dramatically after the antibiotic and corticosteroid injections and ultimately resolved completely after multiple povidone-iodine sweepings.. In patients with giant fornix syndrome who are recalcitrant to or intolerant of aggressive topical and systemic therapy, supratarsal subconjunctival injections of antibiotics and corticosteroids and sweeping of the conjunctival fornices with povidone-iodine are 2 local treatments which may be useful in eradicating the infection.

Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Conjunctiva; Conjunctivitis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Injections; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Povidone-Iodine; Staphylococcal Infections; Syndrome; Therapeutic Irrigation; Triamcinolone Acetonide; Vancomycin

Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Leg Ulcer; Peptide Hydrolases; Povidone-Iodine; Protease Inhibitors; Venous Insufficiency; Wound Healing

Several factors may influence the results of bacteriological studies in chronic rhinosinusitis. We investigated the potential role of nasal cavity disinfection in the bacteriology of the bulla ethmoidalis in patients suffering from chronic sinusitis.. Bacteriology of the bulla ethmoidalis was studied in 176 consecutive adult patients presenting a chronic sinusitis refractory to standard medical treatment who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Two different techniques were used: (A) a technique with nasal vestibule and facial disinfection with chlorhexedin (N = 89 patients and 165 samples) vs. (B) a technique with facial, nasal vestibule and nasal cavity disinfection with a povidone-iodine solution followed by a cleansing of the nasal cavity (N = 87 patients and 166 samples).. Culture rate was 89.6% (183 bacterial isolates) for technique (A) vs 76.5% (164 bacterial isolates) for technique (B) (p < 0.001). Major bacteria encountered in the (A) group and in the (B) group were respectively: Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus: 77 vs 40 isolates (p < 0.001); Coagulase positive Staphylococcus: 44 vs 30 isolates (p = 0.061); Streptococcus pneumoniae: 4 vs 5 isolates; Others: Streptococcus sp.: 12 vs 16 isolates; Haemophilus influenzae: 8 vs 6 isolates; Enterobacteriacea: 33 vs 53 isolates (p = 0.013) and others Gram Negative Bacilli: 3 vs 7 isolates.. The standard (A) technique to study the bacteriology of the bulla ethmoidalis in patients with chronic sinusitis yielded a higher percentage of positive culture and of bacterial isolates than a more advanced (B) technique. This is mainly due to the higher percentage of contaminant bacteria such as Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus recovered with the standard technique. Enterobacteriacea and others Gram Negative Bacilli were more often encountered into the bulla ethmoidalis with the technique where disinfection of the nasal cavity was performed.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Chronic Disease; Coagulase; Disinfection; Endoscopy; Enterobacteriaceae; Ethmoid Sinus; Ethmoid Sinusitis; Female; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Male; Nasal Cavity; Povidone-Iodine; Preoperative Care; Prospective Studies; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus; Streptococcus pneumoniae

In chronic wounds (ulcus cruris) of lymphedematous patients (n = 25) opportunistic infections caused by gram-negative rods and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can be detected in 35% of cases. The healing of the wound takes a long time, which is the reason why the patients are taught how to manage the wound care. Local antibiotics must be avoided. The elimination of the wound infections is the first step of the complex decongestive physiotherapy. The infection aggravates the lymphostasis and makes the complaints of the patients (inflammation, pain, odor) more unacceptable, the systemic infections (erysipelas, lymphadenopathy, fever) more probable and the costs of the treatment higher. Betadine solution and ointment were used locally. The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of povidone-iodine has been validated. Excellent local tolerability has also been observed. The opinion of the patients was registered on a visual analog scale and statistically analyzed. No development of resistance has been noted. For local treatment, Betadine proved to be an effective preparation tolerable for a long time in the treatment of chronic wounds.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Leg Ulcer; Lymphedema; Male; Middle Aged; Povidone-Iodine; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Staphylococcal Skin Infections; Staphylococcus aureus

This is the first known case report that used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method to help identify the oral microflora in patients with chronic neutropenia. In this study, we report clinical periodontal findings and microflora profiles of 2 children, 1 with severe congenital neutropenia (SCN, Kostmann type) and 1 with cyclic neutropenia (CN).. The SCN patient had severe gingivitis, whereas the patient with CN had mild gingivitis in the gingival margins. Monthly oral cleaning instruction and review were performed without subsequent periodontal therapy. Oral hygiene conditions remained satisfactory and visible plaque was scarce, despite the persistence of mild gingivitis. Under supervised oral hygiene, we examined the presence of periodontal pathogens from patient plaque samples.. By a PCR-based method, Prevotella nigrescens, Bacteroides forsythus, Campylobacter rectus, and Capnocytophaga gingivalis were detected in the SCN patient and P. intermedia, C. rectus, C. gingivalis, and C. sputigena in the CN patient, suggesting the existence of periodontal pathogens. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and C. ochracea were not found in either patient.. Use of 1% povidone iodine solution and local antibiotic application under supervised oral hygiene were helpful to improve gingival conditions in patients with chronic neutropenia.

Topics: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacteroides; Campylobacter; Capnocytophaga; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque Index; Gingival Diseases; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingival Pocket; Gingivitis; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Male; Neutropenia; Oral Hygiene; Periodicity; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Povidone-Iodine; Prevotella; Prevotella intermedia; Treponema

Topics: Alginates; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bandages; Chronic Disease; Humans; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; Povidone-Iodine; Skin Care; Wound Infection

The iodine content of a tulle gras-type dressing medicated with povidone-iodine (Poviderm) has been measured and its potential efficacy in wound care explored by means of laboratory models. Simple tests demonstrated the ready diffusibility and antibacterial activity of povidone-iodine. Wound models clearly showed that the limiting factor for useful dressing life is extent of exudation. It seems likely that this dressing would provide good topical antibacterial prophylaxis and may reduce the bacterial burden of colonised wounds. The dressing should help contain wound bacteria and thus assist infection control.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bandages; Chronic Disease; Diffusion; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Humans; Povidone-Iodine; Pseudomonas Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Wound Infection

Thirty five patients, twenty nine men and six women with a mean age of twenty six and suffering from a pyothorax 23% or a pyopneumothorax 77% of whom 41% had a bronchopleural fistula on chronic evolution (greater than one month before drainage), had been treated using drainage and lavage with iodised polyvinylpyrrolidine without local or general antibiotics. This treatment enabled thirty four patients to be cured with some moderate radiological sequelae, a 50% restitution "ad integrum". The importance of the sequelae was correlated with increased aged (P less than 0.001), a delay before drainage (P less than 0.001) and a prolonged duration of drainage (P less than 0.01), to multiple organisms (P less than 0.01) and the presence of a pneumothorax (P less than 0.02) and to a tuberculous origin of the effusion (P less than 0.01). These two latter factors were the cause of a prolongation of the duration of drainage (P less than 0.01). Tuberculous patients who on average were older (P less than 0.05) and had a prolonged period of drainage (P less than 0.01) presented with major immediate radiological sequelae (P less than 0.01). In conclusion the technique of drainage using iodised polyvinylpyrrolidine gave excellent results in cases of non-tuberculous pyothorax in young subjects, but gave less impressive results in subjects suffering from tuberculosis, because of the significant radiological sequelae.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Burkina Faso; Chest Tubes; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Empyema, Pleural; Empyema, Tuberculous; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Infections; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumothorax; Povidone-Iodine; Therapeutic Irrigation; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Aged; Chronic Disease; Dermatitis, Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Female; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Middle Aged; Povidone-Iodine

Fifty cases of chronic osteomyelitis were treated by closed, continuous, suction and irrigation and followed up for between six months and eight years. In group A, 25 cases were treated by irrigation with antibiotics, and in group B, 25 cases were treated by irrigation with Bitadine solution, irrespective of the culture and sensitivity reports. Appropriate antibiotics were given systemically. There was no notable difference in the results in the two groups, with an overall success rate of about 80%.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine; Suction; Therapeutic Irrigation

A clinical study was conducted over a 2 year period to assess the effect of four different treatments on the healing of venous leg ulcers. The treatments consisted of standard local applications of povidone-iodine or normal saline, with and without electrode therapy. At weekly intervals, ulcer areas were measured using a newly developed technique. This allowed time-to-heal data to be analysed. A comparison of the four treatments revealed a highly significant retarding effect on ulcer healing by the povidone-iodine plus electrode treatment. There were no statistical differences for comparisons made between povidone-iodine alone and normal saline alone or for normal saline with and without electrode. Covariates were considered in the analyses. Patient sex and initial ulcer area were identified as significant factors in ulcer's time-to-heal (P less than 0.05), while patient's smoking habits, age and ulcer's initial total organism count had no influence.

Topics: Aged; Chronic Disease; Combined Modality Therapy; Electric Stimulation; Female; Humans; Male; Povidone-Iodine; Prognosis; Varicose Ulcer

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bandages; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable; Humans; Leg Ulcer; Male; Ointments; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine; Powders; Varicose Ulcer

One hundred and thirty-five women suffering from trichomonal, candidal, or both infections simultameously, were treated with povidone-iodine pessaries, 2 pessaries being inserted nightly. Ninety-nine women were given a 7-day course of treatment, but the results obtained were disappointing, and the authors do not recommend such a regime for routine treatment. Better results were obtained with the recommended 14-day course. A further 36 women suffering from chronic trichomonal and/or canidal infections which had previously resisted orthodox treatment were given a prolonged 28-day course of pessary treatment. The results obtained were very encouraging, 92% of the trichomonal and 96% of the canidal infections being cured. Furthermore, although povidone-iodine is slightly less effective in trichomoniasis, most patients suffering from a chronic infection (candidal, as well as trichomonal) were cured by the one preparation. Side-effects did occur, but were significant in only 3 patients. Subjective symptoms, especially any offensive odour, disappeared within 3 days of the start of the treatment. The authors recommend that the 28-day course of povidone-iodine pessaries is used in those cases where trichomoniasis or candidosis has been a therapeutic problem in the past, particularly if the patient is currently on the oral contraceptive pill.

Topics: Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal; Chronic Disease; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Pessaries; Povidone; Povidone-Iodine; Time Factors; Trichomonas Vaginitis