povidone-iodine and Cadaver

The purpose of this laboratory study was to assess the effect of povidone-iodine (PI) use topically on the conjunctiva in regard to needle bore contamination and to compare these results with our previous findings from an evaluation of bacterial contamination following gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin administration.. We performed 100 conjunctival 27-gauge needle penetrations of both eyes of 13 fresh cadavers. Eyes were then soaked in 10% PI, after which conjunctiva was again penetrated 100 times. After conjunctival penetration, the needles were irrigated, and the irrigant was assessed for bacterial growth. Results were compared with previous work assessing fluoroquinolone effectiveness through the same model.. We observed a 28% (P = 0.003) decrease in bacterial growth and 40% (P < 0.0001) decrease in colony counts after PI placement. Differences between the effect of PI versus moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin were not statistically significant.. There is a greater decrease in bacterial load after treatment with PI for surface cultures than for cultures obtained through a needle bore passed through the conjunctiva. PI is a superior approach to topical antibiotics to decrease conjunctival bacterial load.

Topics: Administration, Ophthalmic; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Bacteria; Cadaver; Conjunctiva; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Fluoroquinolones; Gatifloxacin; Humans; Injections, Intraocular; Moxifloxacin; Needles; Povidone-Iodine

Lymphocele is a lymph collection that forms after surgery following injury to lymph nodes and vessels. The aim of the study was to perform a retrospective analysis of different treatment modalities of lymphocele in patients after kidney transplantation.. A lymphocele located in renal graft area was observed in 25 of 386 transplanted patients (6.5%). Mean patient age was 45 (95% confidence interval [CI], 40 to 50) years. Mean observation time was 35 (95% CI, 27 to 43) months.. Mean time from transplantation to diagnosis of lymphocele was 29 days (range, 4 to 127). In 13 patients (54.2%), the lymphocele was symptomatic, requiring initial treatment by repeated needle aspirations or percutaneous drainage. Among 7 patients with persistence of the lesion treatment by sclerotherapy with doxycycline, povidone-iodine, and/or ethanol was successful in 4 cases who showed maximal lymphocele volume of 500 mL. Three other patients, namely, volumes of 120, 874, and 2298 mL were referred for surgery; in two cases, internal marsupialization was performed and in one case external drainage was necessary due to abscess formation. Mean time from the diagnosis to recovery in patients requiring surgical treatment was 15 (range, 8 to 24) weeks. Eleven patients with asymptomatic lymphoceles (mean volume 45 mL; range, 8 to 140) were monitored to resolution after a mean of 4 (range, 1 to 11) weeks.. All lymphoceles with the maximal volume exceeding 140 mL were clinically symptomatic. Initial percutaneous drainage with or without sclerotherapy was an effective method of treatment. Punctures, drainage, and sclerotherapy were not effective in patients with lymphoceles (>500 mL).

Topics: Adult; Biopsy, Needle; Cadaver; Doxycycline; Ethanol; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Living Donors; Lymphocele; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Povidone-Iodine; Retrospective Studies; Sclerotherapy; Time Factors; Tissue Donors

Bacterial contamination of human corneas, in vivo and post mortem, was investigated. Bacterial samples were obtained by pressing small concave agar plates directly against the corneas. More colony forming units (C.F.U.) occurred in samples obtained from patients in general anesthesia than in samples obtained from healthy persons in local anaesthesia. The largest number of C.F.U. occurred post mortem. The number of C.F.U. obtained from cadaver corneas was not correlated to post mortem time. Rinsing with water removed 86% of the C.F.U. on cadaver corneas. Rinsing with water for 30 sec followed by 2 min treatment with 0.5% polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) and repeated rinsing removed 98% of the C.F.U. Epithelial or stromal lesions were not found after 2 min of exposure to 0.5% PVP-I.

Topics: Bacteria; Cadaver; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Cornea; Culture Media; Decontamination; Humans; Povidone-Iodine; Time Factors