potassium-iodate and Deficiency-Diseases

Evidence showed that the occurrence of iodine deficiency endemic areas has been found in every provinces of Thailand. Thus, a new pilot programme for elimination of iodine deficiency endemic areas at the community level was designed in 2008 by integrating the concept of Sufficient Economic life style with the iodine biofortification of nutrients for community consumption.. A model of community hen egg farm was selected at an iodine deficiency endemic area in North Eastern part of Thailand. The process for the preparation of high content iodine enriched hen food was demonstrated to the farm owner with technical transfer in order to ensure the sustainability in the long term for the community. The iodine content of the produced iodine enriched hen eggs were determined and the iodine status of volunteers who consumed the iodine enriched hen eggs were monitored by using urine iodine excretion before and after the implement of iodine enrichment in the model farm.. The content of iodine in eggs from the model farm were 93.57 μg per egg for the weight of 55 - 60 g egg and 97.76 μg for the weight of 60 - 65 g egg. The biological active iodo-organic compounds in eggs were tested by determination of the base-line urine iodine of the volunteer villagers before and after consuming a hard boiled iodine enriched egg per volunteer at breakfast for five days continuous period in 59 volunteers of Ban Kew village, and 65 volunteers of Ban Nong Nok Kean village. The median base-line urine iodine level of the volunteers in these two villages before consuming eggs were 7.00 and 7.04 μg/dL respectively. After consuming iodine enriched eggs, the median urine iodine were raised to the optimal level at 20.76 μg/dL for Ban Kew and 13.95 μg/dL for Ban Nong Nok Kean.. The strategic programme for iodine enrichment in the food chain with biological iodo-organic compound from animal origins can be an alternative method to fortify iodine in the diet for Iodine Deficiency Endemic Areas at the community level in Thailand.

Topics: Adult; Animal Feed; Animals; Chickens; Deficiency Diseases; Eggs; Female; Food, Fortified; Health Policy; Humans; Iodates; Iodine; Middle Aged; Nutritional Status; Pilot Projects; Potassium Compounds; Potassium Iodide; Rural Health; Thailand; Young Adult

Iodine is an essential trace element for humans. Two billion individuals have insufficient iodine intake. Biofortification of vegetables with iodine offers an excellent opportunity to increase iodine intake by humans. The main aim was to study the effect of iodine form and concentration in the nutrient solution on growth, development and iodine uptake of lettuce, grown in water culture.. In both a winter and summer trial, dose rates of 0, 13, 39, 65, and 90 or 129 microg iodine L(-1), applied as iodate (IO(3)(-)) or iodide (I(-)), did not affect plant biomass, produce quality or water uptake. Increases in iodine concentration significantly enhanced iodine content in the plant. Iodine contents in plant tissue were up to five times higher with I(-) than with IO(3)(-). Iodine was mainly distributed to the outer leaves. The highest iodide dose rates in both trials resulted in 653 and 764 microg iodine kg(-1) total leaf fresh weight.. Biofortification of lettuce with iodine is easily applicable in a hydroponic growing system, both with I(-) and IO(3)(-). I(-) was more effective than IO(3)(-). Fifty grams of iodine-biofortified lettuce would provide, respectively, 22% and 25% of the recommended daily allowance of iodine for adolescents and adults.

Topics: Biomass; Crops, Agricultural; Deficiency Diseases; Electric Conductivity; Food, Fortified; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroponics; Iodates; Iodine; Lactuca; Osmolar Concentration; Plant Leaves; Potassium Compounds; Potassium Iodide; Quality Control; Seasons; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Water

This survey was conducted to monitor and evaluate the extent of salt iodation in Kenya in 1990/91. 799 salt samples were collected from 40 districts/municipalities in Kenya out of a possible 44. The samples originated from 16 different local manufacturers/packers. 35.4% of the salt samples were from a single manufacturer, and were available in all the districts/municipalities. 127 (15.9%) samples complied with the legislation of 168.5g/kg. Five samples had exceptionally high iodate--a mean of 8147.1g/kg. The mean iodate content of all samples analysed was 151 mg/kg. Uniformity of iodation was lacking as indicated by high standard deviations. Two manufacturers had iodate content complying with the minimum 168.5mg/kg required by the legislation.

Topics: Deficiency Diseases; Health Policy; Humans; Iodates; Iodine; Kenya; Potassium Compounds; Sampling Studies; Sodium Chloride, Dietary