polidocanol and Edema

Several treatment modalities have been postulated to improve the efficacy of varicose vein treatment. Addition of glycerine to the sclerosing material has been documented to increase its viscosity and subsequently prolong the duration of stability, in addition to the direct sclerosing effect of glycerine. This histological and immunohistochemical study investigated the efficacy of addition of glycerine 72% to sclerotherapy on the human varicose vein.. After surgical stripping of great saphenous veins, three equal segments were resected between two clamps. Specimen 1 was injected with saline only, specimen 2 was exposed to foam sclerosant 2%, and specimen 3 was exposed to a mixture of foam sclerosant 2% and glycerine 72%. All segments were left for 5min. Vein segments were then processed for histological and immunohistochemical study.. Microscopically, haematoxylin and eosin-stained specimen 1 showed endothelial swelling, cytoplasmic eosinophilia and pyknotic nuclei. The media showed sarcoplasm vacuolisation and necrosis. Specimen 3 showed hypereosinophilic sarcoplasm of the smooth muscle fibres. Oedema was less evident, with a relative decrease in the thickness of the wall compared with specimen 2. Immunohistochemically, the expression of smooth muscle actin was weak in specimen 3 compared with specimens 1 and 2. Expression of CD31 antibody was much reduced in specimen 2 which showed conserved islands of endothelial cells. By contrast, there was a complete loss of endothelial cells in specimen 3.. Addition of glycerine 72% to foam sclerosant has a more damaging effect on human vein wall.

Topics: Actins; Drug Combinations; Edema; Endothelium; Glycerol; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Polidocanol; Saphenous Vein; Sclerosing Solutions; Varicose Veins; Viscosity

Topics: Edema; Female; Forearm; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Medication Errors; Pain; Polidocanol; Sclerosing Solutions; Young Adult

The aims of the present study were to evaluate, by means of impedance plainmetry, regional differences in biomechanical properties in the normal oesophagus and the oesophagus damaged by sclerotherapy.. Four minipigs underwent a weekly session of sclerotherapy for 4 weeks. Impedance planimetry was performed before the first session of sclerotherapy and 1 week after the last session of sclerotherapy. Investigations were performed by stepwise pressure-induced balloon distensions with concomitant measurements of pressure and luminal cross-sectional area (CSA) in the oesophagus 5 and 10 cm above the gastro-oesophageal junction (GEJ).. The normal oesophagus had significantly larger CSAs 5 cm than 10 cm above the GEJ (P < 0.05). Endoscopic sclerotherapy entailed an inversion (P < 0.05) of the normal oesophageal configuration, with narrowing 5 cm above the GEJ (P < 0.05) and increased CSAs 10 cm above the GEJ (P < 0.05).. Regional differences in CSA occur in the normal oesophagus, and sclerotherapy produces profound changes in the oesophageal configuration.

Topics: Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Edema; Electric Impedance; Electrodes; Electrodiagnosis; Esophageal Diseases; Esophagogastric Junction; Esophagoscopy; Esophagus; Female; Male; Polidocanol; Polyethylene Glycols; Pressure; Sclerosing Solutions; Sclerotherapy; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Ulcer

Intravenous administration of etacrynic acid induces protein rich oedema in hind legs of chloralose anaesthesized cats. Clobenoside was able to prevent the development of this oedema if administered prior to oedema provocation either orally or intravenously. The degree of inhibition of oedema development was quite similar after oral and intravenous administration, respectively, thus the bioavailability of clobenoside should be good. The half-life of orally administered clobenoside is prolonged as even 24 h after a single oral administration the activity was considerably high. Clobenoside did not influence blood pressure nor heart rate and did not produce any direct vasoactive effects.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Detergents; Edema; Ethacrynic Acid; Glucose; Half-Life; Injections, Intravenous; Polidocanol; Polyethylene Glycols; Time Factors