pituitrin and Pyelonephritis

Topics: Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Indicator Dilution Techniques; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Kidney Function Tests; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins; Water Deprivation

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Alcoholism; Animals; Dogs; Ethanol; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Glomerulus; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Urinary Bladder; Vasopressins

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Alcoholism; Animals; Dogs; Ethanol; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Glomerulus; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Urinary Bladder; Vasopressins

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adenylyl Cyclases; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Chronic Disease; Cyclic AMP; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Male; Menstruation; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Pregnancy; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Sex Factors; Thyrotropin; Vasopressins

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Biopsy; Body Weight; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Eclampsia; Edema; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Nephritis; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pyelonephritis; Sodium; Uric Acid; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Kidneys, Artificial; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pyelonephritis; Transplantation, Homologous; Vasopressins

A 57-year-old woman with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) was hospitalized because of fever and fatigue. On admission, increased inflammatory response and pyuria with bacteriuria were observed. Pyelonephritis was successfully treated with antibiotics, whereas her fatigue continued and she developed progressive hypercalcemia and hyponatremia; serum sodium level, 116 mEq/L and corrected serum calcium level, 13.4 mg/dL. Plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol and serum luteinizing hormone were under the detection level. Although the reaction of other anterior pituitary hormones and the serum antidiuretic hormone (ADH) was preserved, the response of serum luteinizing hormone to administration of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone was impaired. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no structural abnormality in the thalamus, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland. She was diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency caused by partial hypopituitarism in concomitant with pyelonephritis. After starting hydrocortisone replacement, serum levels of sodium and calcium were rapidly normalized. This case highlights the importance of adrenal insufficiency as a differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia in patients with pre-dialysis CKD, especially when hyponatremia was concomitantly observed. Besides, infection should be considered as an important trigger for the development of latent adrenal insufficiency since it could increase the physiological demand of corticosteroid in the body. Also, CKD may enhance the magnitude of hypercalcemia since CKD patients have decreased capacity to increase urinary calcium excretion.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenal Insufficiency; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Diagnosis, Differential; Dialysis; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypercalcemia; Hyponatremia; Hypopituitarism; Luteinizing Hormone; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Treatment Outcome; Vasopressins

Children and adults with pyelonephritic renal scarring are at high risk of developing hypertension. The objectives of the present investigation were to study if it is possible to detect early disturbances in blood pressure (BP) control and secretion of hormones involved in the regulation of BP and renal function, in patients with renal scarring. We studied renal function at rest, BP regulating hormones and BP at rest and during graded bicycle exercise until exhaustion. The 22 patients with renal scarring had significantly lower glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow than the 13 healthy age-matched controls. At rest, the patients had higher diastolic (p less than 0.01) and mean arterial BP (p less than 0.02), higher plasma renin (p = 0.06) and higher serum osmolality (p less than 0.001) but there were no significant differences in systolic BP, angiotensin II, aldosterone or vasopressin (AVP). The patients with renal scarring had higher AVP than the controls during light and moderate exercise and 15 min after maximal exercise. BP and renal hormones increased significantly but similarly during exercise in both patients and controls. There were no significant differences in BP control or release of pressure-regulating hormones at maximal exercise. Maximal exercise did not evoke pathological BP response in normotensive young adults with pyelonephritic renal scarring. The increase in serum osmolality and hypersecretion of AVP during light and moderate exercise may be important in the pathogenesis of hypertension in this group of patients.

Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Exercise; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Hematocrit; Humans; Male; Potassium; Pyelonephritis; Renal Circulation; Renin; Rest; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chromium; Diuresis; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Mannitol; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins

In 35 patients with normal renal function antidiuretic hormone (DDAVP) effected a significant contraction of renal pelvis and calices, while in 10 other cases an enlargement of the roentgenological size of the kidneys was caused by the administration of the diuretic furosemide (Lasix). These results suggest a dependence of urographic findings from the state of diuresis.

Topics: Diagnostic Errors; Diuresis; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Pelvis; Pyelonephritis; Radiography; Vasopressins

U-Deamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin (DDAVP) is a new synthetic antidiuretic hormone with prolonged action. 0.02 mg given intranasally to 38 patients with far advanced chronic renal failure effected an instantaneous decrease in urine volume as well as an augmentation of U/P-inulin ratio, fraction of filtered sodium and chloride excreted and of the absolute elimination of these ions. These findings suggest an improvement of permeability at the descending limb of Henle, too, the latter and a diminution of circulation in the renal medulla being responsible for the increase in renal salt loss after DDAVP. A rise of blood pressure or other side effects could not be observed.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Arginine; Chlorides; Diuresis; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Pyelonephritis; Sodium; Vasopressins

Topics: Creatinine; Electrophoresis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Tubules; Neurophysins; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins

Topics: Aldosterone; Anemia; Anuria; Child; Child, Preschool; Diuresis; Diuretics; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Infant; Kidney; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Kidney Diseases; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Polyuria; Pyelonephritis; Thalassemia; Vasopressins; Water; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Circadian Rhythm; Creatinine; Cyclic AMP; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Glucagon; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Male; Menstruation; Middle Aged; Osmolar Concentration; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphates; Pregnancy; Pyelonephritis; Tritium; Urine; Vasopressins

The effect of early bilateral pyelonephritis on urinary concentrating ability was studied in rats injected intravenously with enterococci or Staphylococcus aureus and in rats inoculated with Escherichia coli into the medullae of both kidneys. The mean maximum urinary osmolality of normal rats was 2352 mOsm/kg of water. Inoculation of E. coli caused reversible pyelonephritis with sterilization of the kidneys within 12 wk. By 1 day after injection the mean maximum urinary osmolality had decreased to about 1100 mOsm. remained at this level for 3 wk, and then rose to normal by 12 wk. After injection of enterococci and staphylococci, the mean maximum urine osmolality decreased over 3-4 days to about 1000 and 800 mOsm respectively. In the enterococcal infection (which is chronic) the maximum urine osmolality remained about 1200 mOsm for at least 12 wk whereas in the staphylococcal infection (which is reversible) the osmolality gradually rose. Antimicrobial therapy of E. coli renal infection with colistimethate sodium and S. aureus infection with ampicillin rapidly reduced bacterial titers in the kidneys with an associated rise in maximum urinary osmolality. Therapy of enterococcal renal infection with ampicillin produced less impressive decreases in bacterial titers in the kidneys and little or no improvement in urinary concentrating ability. With antimicrobial therapy or with the self-limited infections, the rate of increase in concentrating ability was directly correlated with the rate of decrease of bacterial titers. However, there was poor correlation between histological findings in the kidneys and urinary concentrating ability. These studies demonstrate that early experimental pyelonephritis is associated with a concentrating defect that can be rapidly reversed and therefore is not related to permanent renal damage.

Topics: Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colistin; Creatinine; Escherichia coli Infections; Kidney; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Vasopressins

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antibodies; Bacteriuria; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Aged; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Kidney; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Kidney Tubules; Male; Middle Aged; Osmolar Concentration; Pyelonephritis; Sodium; Vasopressins

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Sideroblastic; Aspirin; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatinine; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hematuria; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Phenacetin; Pyelonephritis; Radioisotope Renography; Scotland; Substance-Related Disorders; Uremia; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine; Urography; Vasopressins

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cystinosis; Diabetes Insipidus; Diuresis; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Diseases, Cystic; Polyuria; Pyelonephritis; Uremia; Vasopressins

Topics: Adult; Aged; Cobalt Isotopes; Diuresis; Diuretics; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Iodine Isotopes; Iodohippuric Acid; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Mannitol; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis; Renal Artery Obstruction; Urea; Vasopressins; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane Permeability; Diuresis; Dogs; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Function Tests; Kidney Tubules; Osmosis; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Sodium Chloride; Urea; Vasopressins

Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Female; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney; Proteus Infections; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Renin; Streptococcal Infections; Vasopressins

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Atrophy; Female; Humans; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Potassium; Pyelonephritis; Renal Artery Obstruction; Sodium; Vasopressins

Topics: Coloring Agents; Glomerulonephritis; Glucocorticoids; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Pituitary Hormones, Posterior; Pyelonephritis; Skin; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Acetazolamide; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Aminophylline; Calcium; Chlorothiazide; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Mannitol; Middle Aged; Organomercury Compounds; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins

Topics: Celiac Disease; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Humans; Infant; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins

Topics: Blood Chemical Analysis; Creatine; Creatinine; Early Diagnosis; Inulin; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Function Tests; Nitrogen; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins

Topics: Colistin; Humans; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Pharmacology; Pseudomonas Infections; Pyelonephritis; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Staphylococcal Infections; Urography; Vasopressins