pituitrin and Headache

A double-blind controlled trial of aqueous vasopressin injection (Pitressin) in the prophylaxis of lumbar puncture reactions in 50 patients showed that the incidence of reactions was unaffected, but that severe reactions occurred less frequently in the treatment group. Moderately severe side-effects occurred in 27% of those receiving vasopressin.

Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Headache; Humans; Spinal Puncture; Vasopressins

We present the eldest case ever reported of central diabetes insipidus (DI) associated with infundibulo-neurohypophysitis. A 77-year old woman, who complained of recent development of excessive thirst, polyuria and polydipsia, was referred to our hospital. The daily urine volume was markedly increased to 6 L. DDAVP administration effectively reduced urine volume and increased urine osmolality. The loading test using high-osmolar sodium chloride showed impaired excretion of vasopressin discordant with plasma osmolar changes. The anterior pituitary function was normal. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed thickening of the pituitary stalk and a lack of high-intensity signal of the neurohypophysis on T1-weighted images, suggestive of lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis. The thickness of pituitary stalk on MRI improved 6 months later. DI was controlled with DDAVP for 40 days. This was followed by stabilization of the daily urine volume to less than 2.5 L without DDAVP. Our case is the eldest case of central DI associated with infundibulo-neurohypophysitis. The rapid remission of pituitary changes on MRI provides an insight that spontaneously partial remission of central DI may occur, resulting in transient polyuria and polydipsia.

Topics: Aged; Blood; Chlorides; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Headache; Humans; Lymphocytes; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Osmolar Concentration; Pituitary Diseases; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Potassium; Sodium; Thirst; Urine; Vasopressins

The standard human vection model utilized for nausea has been an optokinetic drum. This model may be difficult to extrapolate to the usual clinical setting. Our goals were to develop an experimental model which could induce low grade nausea in humans and to determine the relationship between mild nausea and changes in the electrogastrogram and plasma vasopressin concentrations.. Twenty-one volunteers (11 males, mean age: 37 years) participated. At baseline and throughout the study the electrogastrogram was monitored, blood was drawn for vasopressin assay and symptoms of nausea, dizziness and headache were rated on a 0-10-point scale. Subjects were semireclined in a darkened room while viewing moving bars of light rotating at a rate of 85 degrees s-1. Subjects were asked to rate their proneness to motion sickness and their current level of anxiety at baseline.. Eight subjects developed mild to moderate (mean: 3.6) nausea during vection. Symptoms of nausea were correlated with a reported history of motion sickness (r = 0.49, P < 0.05) but not with anxiety (r = 0.14, P = 0.54). Degrees of nausea correlated with degrees of dizziness (r = 0.47, P < 0.05) but not with headache (r = 0.29, P = 0.14). Subjects who developed mild nausea were not significantly more likely to exhibit altered electrogastrogram or vasopressin than subjects who did not report nausea. Vasopressin levels during baseline and experimental conditions were highly correlated (r = 0.66, P < 0.005 and r = 0.55 P < 0.005, respectively) with reported baseline anxiety.. (1) This new model in humans induced mild nausea that was unrelated to electrogastrogram and vasopressin abnormalities, (2) high correlation between anxiety and vasopressin suggests that vasopressin may not be directly related to nausea, and (3) these data indicate that onset of nausea mediated centrally can occur without associated electrogastrogram changes.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Dizziness; Electromyography; Female; Headache; Humans; Illusions; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; Motion Sickness; Muscle, Smooth; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Nausea; Nystagmus, Optokinetic; Reference Values; Regression Analysis; Stomach; Vasopressins

Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Headache; Heart Rate; Hemorrhage; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Cramp; Nausea; Vasopressins

Topics: Eclampsia; Female; Headache; Humans; Hypertension; Methylergonovine; Obstetric Labor Complications; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Puerperal Disorders; Syndrome; Vasopressins

Topics: Acromegaly; Adenoma, Chromophobe; Craniopharyngioma; Female; Headache; Humans; Hypogonadism; Insulin; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Metyrapone; Optic Atrophy; Osteoporosis; Pituitary Neoplasms; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Skull Neoplasms; Thyroid Function Tests; Vasopressins; Vision Disorders

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Headache; Humans; Hypertonic Solutions; Hypopituitarism; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Kidney; Necrosis; Osmolar Concentration; Oxytocin; Parity; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance