pituitrin and Glomerulonephritis

Topics: Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Indicator Dilution Techniques; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Kidney Function Tests; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins; Water Deprivation

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; Blood Volume; Edema; Extracellular Space; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Kidney; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Sodium; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Alcoholism; Animals; Dogs; Ethanol; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Glomerulus; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Urinary Bladder; Vasopressins

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Alcoholism; Animals; Dogs; Ethanol; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Glomerulus; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Urinary Bladder; Vasopressins

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adenylyl Cyclases; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Chronic Disease; Cyclic AMP; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Male; Menstruation; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Pregnancy; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Sex Factors; Thyrotropin; Vasopressins

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Biopsy; Body Weight; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Eclampsia; Edema; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Nephritis; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pyelonephritis; Sodium; Uric Acid; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Kidneys, Artificial; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pyelonephritis; Transplantation, Homologous; Vasopressins

Hypotension is frequently encountered during hemodialysis (HD). One of the main factors of the HD-induced hypotension is acute reduction of circulating plasma volume by water removal, which is induced by the poor plasma refilling from the extravascular space into vessels. The determinants of plasma refilling, however, have not been clearly identified. Recently, we devised a mathematical model of water transport in HD patients, which can estimate the plasma-refilling coefficient (Kr) during HD. In the present study, we evaluated the factors determining plasma refilling by using this model. In 13 patients undergoing regular HD, the changes of Kr during HD were calculated from the model. Levels of ANP, cGMP, cAMP, endothelin, angiotensin II and vasopressin were measured before and after HD. Kr fell from 750.4 +/- 558.0 to 112.8 +/- 81.9 ml/mm Hg/h during HD. The rate of water removal during HD showed no significant correlation with the changes of Kr. Among the hormones and nucleotides measured here, plasma ANP level and cGMP were significantly correlated with Kr (r = 0.78, p < 001 and r = 0.62, p < 0.01, respectively). Our findings suggest that severe reduction in the level of serum ANP during HD, which is induced by water removal, plays some role in HD-induced hypotension through the attenuation of plasma refilling in HD patients.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin II; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Endothelins; Female; Fluid Shifts; Glomerulonephritis; Hematocrit; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrosclerosis; Plasma; Polycystic Kidney Diseases; Renal Dialysis; Vasopressins; Water

Prostanoid excretion with urine in children suffering from glomerulonephritis indicates that in the kidneys the output of prostacycline decreases and that of thromboxan rises. In glomerulonephritis children prostacycline and prostaglandin E promote the maintenance of glomerular filtration, which is evidenced by the reduction of their output in the stage of chronic renal failure. The growth of renin and antidiuretic hormone synthesis in children suffering from nephrotic glomerulonephritis is not accompanied by the increase of the output of prostaglandin E, their renal antagonist, and may be one of the reasons of the development of the edematous syndrome.

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prostaglandins; Renin; Vasopressins

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Diuresis; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immersion; Kidney; Nephrotic Syndrome; Time Factors; Vasopressins

The effects of administration of angiotensin II (ANG II) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR, measured as creatinine clearance) were examined in patients with mesangial proliferation. For this study, the patients whose conditions were similar to that of healthy subjects, except for asymptomatic urinary abnormalities and glomerular histological changes, were selected. Both ANG II and ADH administration significantly decreased GFR in the patients and the healthy subjects. Compared to the healthy subjects, a significantly greater drop in GFR was observed in the patients following ANG II infusion with or without SQ14225 administration, but not following ADH infusion. We conclude that mesangial proliferation may modulate an ANG II induced drop in GFR.

Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Chronic Disease; Creatinine; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerular Mesangium; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Natriuresis; Urine; Vasopressins

To verify whether or not an increased secretion of ADH may cause the water retention commonly observed in nephrotic syndrome, 16 nephrotic patients and 13 normal control subjects were studied in basal conditions and following a water load or an iso-osmotic blood volume expansion by 20% albumin infusion. In the basal condition there were no differences in plasma ADH, urine output, urinary osmolality (UOsm), and plasma renin activity between nephrotic patients and control subjects; POsm, PNa+, UNaV, and blood volume (BV) instead, were significantly lower in nephrotic patients than in control subjects. Following the water load control subjects reached a minimal UOsm of 82 +/- 12 mOsm/kg at 60 min and excreted completely the ingested water in 150 min; nephrotic patients reached a minimal UOsm of 160 +/- 111 mOsm/kg at 120 min, and the water was eliminated completely in 240 min. Plasma ADH decreased significantly in the first hour following water load only in control subjects. A significant direct correlation was observed between plasma ADH and POsm in control subjects (ADH = -85 + 0.30 POsm, P less than 0.001) but not in nephrotic patients. Plasma ADH was inversely correlated with BV in nephrotic patients (ADH = 15.47 -0.17 BV, P less than 0.001) but not in normal control subjects. In nephrotic patients with reduced BV the expansion of BV with 20% albumin was effective in reducing the plasma levels of ADH and promoting a water diuresis. Our results demonstrate a sustained volume mediated secretion of ADH in the nephrotic syndrome, which is responsible for the impairment in water excretion.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Volume; Child; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Hematuria; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Osmolar Concentration; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chromium; Diuresis; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Mannitol; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins

U-Deamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin (DDAVP) is a new synthetic antidiuretic hormone with prolonged action. 0.02 mg given intranasally to 38 patients with far advanced chronic renal failure effected an instantaneous decrease in urine volume as well as an augmentation of U/P-inulin ratio, fraction of filtered sodium and chloride excreted and of the absolute elimination of these ions. These findings suggest an improvement of permeability at the descending limb of Henle, too, the latter and a diminution of circulation in the renal medulla being responsible for the increase in renal salt loss after DDAVP. A rise of blood pressure or other side effects could not be observed.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Arginine; Chlorides; Diuresis; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Pyelonephritis; Sodium; Vasopressins

Topics: Aldosterone; Anemia; Anuria; Child; Child, Preschool; Diuresis; Diuretics; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Infant; Kidney; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Kidney Diseases; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Polyuria; Pyelonephritis; Thalassemia; Vasopressins; Water; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Circadian Rhythm; Creatinine; Cyclic AMP; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Glucagon; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Male; Menstruation; Middle Aged; Osmolar Concentration; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphates; Pregnancy; Pyelonephritis; Tritium; Urine; Vasopressins

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cystinosis; Diabetes Insipidus; Diuresis; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Diseases, Cystic; Polyuria; Pyelonephritis; Uremia; Vasopressins

Topics: Coloring Agents; Glomerulonephritis; Glucocorticoids; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Pituitary Hormones, Posterior; Pyelonephritis; Skin; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Acetazolamide; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Aminophylline; Calcium; Chlorothiazide; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Mannitol; Middle Aged; Organomercury Compounds; Pyelonephritis; Vasopressins

Topics: Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diuresis; Edema; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; Inulin; Kidney; Kidney Function Tests; Nephrosclerosis; Osmolar Concentration; Pathology; Pharmacology; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Proteinuria; Vasopressins