pituitrin and Empyema

To determine vasopressin (VP) secretory capacity during osmotic stimulation and the response to desmopressin treatment in dogs with pyometra and control dogs.. 6 dogs with pyometra before and after ovariohysterectomy and 6 control dogs.. Urine osmolality (Uosm) was measured during 12 hours. Values measured on the first day defined the basal Uosm pattern. On the second day, dogs were given desmopressin to induce a desmopressin-stimulated Uosm pattern. On day 3, the VP response to osmotic stimulation was examined.. Median Uosm on day 1 was 340 mOsm/kg (range, 104 to 1,273 mOsm/kg) and 807 mOsm/kg (range, 362 to 1,688 mOsm/kg) in dogs with pyometra before and after surgery, respectively, and 1,511 mOsm/kg (range, 830 to 1,674 mOsm/kg) in control dogs. Median Uosm during desmopressin treatment was 431 mOsm/kg (range, 168 to 1,491 mOsm/kg) and 1,051 mOsm/kg (range, 489 to 1,051 mOsm/kg) in dogs with pyometra before and after surgery, respectively, and 1,563 mOsm/kg (range, 1,390 to 2,351) in control dogs. In dogs with pyometra, threshold for VP secretion was lower before surgery (median, 340 mOsm/kg; range, 331 to 366 mOsm/kg) than after surgery (median, 358 mOsm/kg; range, 343 to 439 mOsm/kg) or in control dogs (median, 347 mOsm/kg; range, 334 to 360 mOsm/kg). Highest maximum plasma VP values were found in dogs with pyometra.. Dogs with pyometra had increased urine concentration in response to desmopressin but not to the degree of control dogs, whereas VP secretory ability was not reduced.

Topics: Animals; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Empyema; Female; Hysterectomy; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Osmolar Concentration; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Uterine Diseases; Vasopressins

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone has been associated with many pulmonary diseases, including tuberculosis and bacterial and viral pneumonia: however, it has not been reported with anaerobic infections or empyema in the absence of pneumonia. We report a patient with empyema due to Bacteroides melaninogenicus, Bacteroides oralis, and Peptostreptococcus who developed the syndrome. Eight hours before the start of therapy, his serum sodium concentration was 127 mEq per liter; serum osmolality, 255 mOsm per kg; urine osmolality, 522 mOsm per kg; urinary sodium concentration, 39 mEq per liter. The creatinine clearance and the adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test were normal, and there was no evidence of dehydration. No other causes of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone were apparent. With drainage and antimicrobial drug therapy, the empyema cleared, and the syndrome resolved in 8 days. The patient has been well, without evidence of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, for 9 months. Anaerobic infections and/or empyema without pneumonia can be associated with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.

Topics: Adult; Anaerobiosis; Bacterial Infections; Bacteroides Infections; Empyema; Humans; Hyponatremia; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Peptostreptococcus; Prevotella melaninogenica; Syndrome; Vasopressins

Topics: Bacteroides; Bacteroides Infections; Empyema; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Vasopressins

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone has been associated with many pulmonary inflammatory diseases. The origin of the hormone in these cases is the neurohypophysis, although the afferent stimulus has not been adequately characterized. A previously unreported association of this syndrome with putrid pulmonary abscess and empyema is documented.

Topics: Empyema; Humans; Lung Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Syndrome; Vasopressins

Topics: Chlorides; Empyema; Extracellular Space; Hyponatremia; Models, Theoretical; Pneumococcal Infections; Rats; Research; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance