pituitrin and Duodenal-Ulcer

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Duodenal Ulcer; Gastrectomy; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Gastroscopy; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Peptic Ulcer; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Permeability; Stomach Ulcer; Stress, Psychological; Vagotomy; Vasopressins

Topics: Abdomen; Aged; Crohn Disease; Duodenal Diseases; Duodenal Ulcer; Esophageal Achalasia; Esophagitis; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrectomy; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hematoma; Hernia, Diaphragmatic; Humans; Intestine, Small; Methods; Obesity; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Postoperative Complications; Stomach Neoplasms; Stomach Ulcer; Vagotomy; Vasopressins; Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Acidosis; Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Aged; Alkalosis; Aortic Diseases; Aortic Rupture; Body Composition; Calorimetry; Cholecystectomy; Convalescence; Craniocerebral Trauma; Dehydration; Duodenal Ulcer; Endocrine Glands; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Iliac Artery; Infusions, Parenteral; Kidney; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Natriuresis; Pancreatitis; Peptic Ulcer Perforation; Postoperative Care; Postoperative Complications; Thoracic Injuries; Thrombosis; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Serum gastrin increased in patients with pernicious anaemia after a beef-meal, but decreased after an oral load of glucose, xylose or sodium chloride. 50 g of glucose and 25 or 75 g of xylose suppressed serum gastrin to approximately 40% of basal values at 60 min and were slightly more effective than 10 g of sodium chloride. There was no rise in beef-meal stimulated serum gastrin concentration in vagotomized patients and only a slight rise in two patients with duodenal ulcer when an oral dose of 10 g of sodium chloride was given together with the beef-meal. 25 g of xylose suppressed basal serum gastrin concentration significantly in six vagotomized patients. Nasal administration of small amounts of vasopressin decreased basal serum gastrin significantly in six vagotomized patients. Nasal administration of small amounts of vasopressin decreased basal serum gastrin significantly in all subjects examined. Further studies indicated, however, that vasopressin was only effective when pharmacological plasma concenten orally and intraduodenally were compared in six patients with pernicious anaemia. Serum gastrin concentration decreased approximately to the same extent in both experiments. It is concluded that the inhibitory effect of glucose on gastrin secretion most likely is mediated hormonally via osmo-receptors located in the small intestine.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Anemia, Pernicious; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Duodenal Ulcer; Duodenum; Female; Gastrins; Glucose; Humans; Hypertonic Solutions; Injections; Male; Middle Aged; Sodium Chloride; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve; Vasopressins; Xylose

Topics: Biological Clocks; Brain; Duodenal Ulcer; Humans; Neurons; Seasons; Vasopressins

Severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding is unusual in newborns, and is usually seen in sick premature infants. We report on three healthy full-term neonates who, after uneventful deliveries, presented with profuse bleeding in the first 48 h of life. Two infants had duodenal ulcers and one had diffuse hemorrhagic gastritis. All three patients responded to conservative medical therapy and have shown no recurrence of symptoms during a follow-up period of 1-4 yr.

Topics: Duodenal Ulcer; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Ranitidine; Time Factors; Vasopressins

The effect of gastric secretory inhibitors, vasoactive agents and gastrointestinal peptide hormones were investigated on gastric mucosal blood flow (MBF) and HCl secretion in 197 subjects. Changes in MBF were estimated by a new clearance substance, 99mTc-4-methyl-aminophenazone originally described by the authors. The procedure seemed to be suitable for characterizing changes in MBF without any toxic side effect or considerable radioactive loading of the patient or its surroundings. The studies were performed after a secretory steady state had been achieved by continuous pentagastrin infusion. Some experiments were done in the fasting stomach instilled with 0.160 N HCl. Secretory inhibition following atropine, pirenzepine, ranitidine and somatostatin was a primary effect of these substances, the observed MBF decrease being a secondary one. In contrast, vasopressin caused a fall in mucosal blood supply through vasoconstriction, the concomitant secretory inhibition being a secondary phenomenon. Certain doses of dopamine and terbutaline increased MBF without influencing HCl secretion. Glucagon in the dose used did not influence either mucosal blood flow or acid secretion. Synthetic secretin in the fasting stomach increased MBF without affecting HCl production; during pentagastrin stimulation it inhibited acid production while MBF remained unchanged. Cholecystokinin-octapeptide proved to be a direct vasodilating agent with a slight acid output increasing effect. Divergent effects of some drugs on mucosal blood flow and HCl production may be important in the pathology of hypoxic ulcerative damage and in the reparative processes of gastric ulceration. The 99mTc-4-methyl-aminophenazone clearance technique proved to be a reliable method for screening of drugs possessing vasoactive or secretion influencing properties.

Topics: Aminopyrine; Anemia, Pernicious; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Dipyrone; Duodenal Ulcer; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Humans; Organometallic Compounds; Organotechnetium Compounds; Parasympatholytics; Pentagastrin; Pyrazolones; Regional Blood Flow; Sympathomimetics; Technetium; Vasopressins

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Diverticulum, Colon; Duodenal Ulcer; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Mallory-Weiss Syndrome; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Radiography; Stomach; Stomach Ulcer; Varicose Veins; Vasopressins

Intraarterial vasopressin infusions were given to 46 patients with pyloroduodenal hemorrhage. Hemorrhage was angiographically and clinically controlled in 15 patients, with recurrent bleeding in five. Bleeding was not controlled in 31 patients; seven of these underwent Gelfoam embolization, with bleeding controlled in three. It is concluded that intraarterial vasopressin infusions are not as effective in controlling pyloroduodenal hemorrhage as in other areas of the gastrointestinal tract.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Duodenal Ulcer; Humans; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Pylorus; Radiography; Vasopressins

Topics: Acute Disease; Duodenal Ulcer; Epinephrine; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Portography; Stomach Ulcer; Vasopressins

Topics: Angiography; Celiac Artery; Duodenal Ulcer; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Liver Cirrhosis; Mesenteric Arteries; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Stomach Ulcer; Vasopressins

Topics: Adult; Aged; Arteries; Capillaries; Celiac Artery; Colonic Diseases; Diverticulum, Colon; Duodenal Ulcer; Epinephrine; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hernia, Diaphragmatic; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Mallory-Weiss Syndrome; Mesenteric Arteries; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Radiography; Stomach Ulcer; Vasopressins

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Angiography; Arteriosclerosis; Celiac Artery; Crohn Disease; Duodenal Ulcer; Epinephrine; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Hernia, Diaphragmatic; Humans; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Male; Mallory-Weiss Syndrome; Mesenteric Arteries; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage; Propranolol; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasopressins

Topics: Aminocaproates; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Blood Transfusion; Duodenal Ulcer; Esophageal and Gastric Varices; Esophagitis; Fibrinogen; Fibrinolysis; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Heparin; Humans; Liver Diseases; Phosphorus Isotopes; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; Stomach Ulcer; Therapeutic Irrigation; Vasopressins; Vitamin K

Topics: Achlorhydria; Bacteria; Cryosurgery; Dextrans; Dogs; Drug Therapy; Duodenal Ulcer; Freezing; Gastric Hypothermia; Hypothermia, Induced; Pepsin A; Pharmacology; Vasopressins