pituitrin and Diseases-in-Twins

Topics: Adult; Animals; Congenital Hypothyroidism; Diseases in Twins; Female; Humans; Hyponatremia; Hypothyroidism; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Pregnancy; Thyroxine; Vasopressins

To evaluate vasopressin as a rescue therapy in catecholamine-refractory septic and cardiogenic shock in very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants.. Prospective assessment of vasopressin therapy in three VLBW infants with catecholamine-refractory septic shock (24 + 6 wk, 600 g) and cardiogenic shock (26 + 1 wk, 890 g; 26 + 1 wk, 880 g) at a university hospital.. Adequate systemic arterial blood pressure could only be restored after vasopressin administration as a continuous infusion over a 36-h period in the preterm suffering from septic shock; in the two neonates with cardiogenic shock, only a transient stabilization in mean arterial pressure was observed, which did not impact on the poor prognosis.. Although vasopressin appears to be a suitable rescue therapy in catecholamine-resistant septic shock in VLBW infants, further evaluation in controlled clinical trials is warranted.

Topics: Diseases in Twins; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; Norepinephrine; Shock, Cardiogenic; Shock, Septic; Treatment Failure; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasopressins

Two cases, twins, affected by congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI) with a high daily volume of dilute urine excretion and periods of compensatory high levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) simultaneously developed a fluctuating Menière-type hearing loss. It is well known that the kidney and the cochlea are linked by structural and anatomic characteristics, as well as by the physiologic mechanism of electrolytes and fluid regulation. The patients herein described seem to be paradoxical, because they suffered from hydropic hearing loss despite the pathophysiologic mechanism of CNDI and the possible role played by ADH in water regulation in the inner ear. The consequences on Menière's disease of the different therapeutic regimens followed by the two CNDI patients are discussed. To our knowledge these are the first cases of CNDI with Menière's disease described in the literature.

Topics: Audiometry, Pure-Tone; Diabetes Insipidus; Diseases in Twins; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Hearing Tests; Humans; Male; Meniere Disease; Middle Aged; Vasopressins

Water intoxication with seizures secondary to excessive fluid ingestion occurred in four apparently healthy infants in two families; we also review five previously reported cases.

Topics: Diseases in Twins; Drinking; Female; Humans; Hyponatremia; Infant; Infant Care; Male; Seizures; Vasopressins; Water Intoxication

Topics: Diseases in Twins; Humans; Hyponatremia; Hypothyroidism; Infant; Kidney; Male; Sodium; Syndrome; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance