pituitrin and Breast-Neoplasms

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a pre-invasive malignancy detected with an increasing frequency through screening mammography. One of the primary aims of therapy is to prevent local recurrence, as in situ or as invasive carcinoma, the latter arising in half of the recurrent cases. Reliable biomarkers predictive of its association with recurrence, particularly as invasive disease, are however lacking. In this study, we perform a meta-analysis of 26 studies which report somatic copy number aberrations (SCNAs) in 288 cases of 'pure' DCIS and 328 of DCIS associated with invasive carcinoma, along with additional unmatched cases of 145 invasive carcinoma of ductal/no special type (IDC) and 50 of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH). SCNA frequencies across the genome were calculated at cytoband resolution (UCSC genome build 19) to maximally utilize the available information in published literature. Fisher's exact test was used to identify significant differences in the gain-loss distribution in each cytoband in different group comparisons. We found synchronous DCIS to be at a more advanced stage of genetic aberrations than pure DCIS and was very similar to IDC. Differences in gains and losses in each disease process (i.e. invasive or in situ) at each cytoband were used to infer evidence of selection and conservation for each cytoband and to define an evolutionary conservation scale (ECS) as a tool to identify and distinguish driver SCNA from the passenger SCNA. Using ECS, we have identified aberrations that show evidence of selection from the early stages of neoplasia (i.e. in ADH and pure DCIS) and persist in IDC; we postulate these to be driver aberrations and that their presence may predict progression to invasive disease.

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma in Situ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosome Mapping; Computational Biology; Disease Progression; DNA Copy Number Variations; Female; Humans; Molecular Sequence Annotation; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neurophysins; Protein Precursors; Signal Transduction; Vasopressins

It is proposed that neuropeptide production by tumours is an important part of a special process of oncogenic transformation rather than a pre-existing condition of progenitor cells; this concept is called Selective Tumour gene Expression of Peptides essential for Survival (STEPS). All small-cell lung cancers and breast cancers evidently express the vasopressin gene, and this gene seems to be structurally normal in all but exceptional cases. Vasopressin gene expression in cancer cells leads to the production of both normal and abnormal forms of tumour vasopressin mRNA and proteins. Although the necessary post-translational processing enzymes are expressed in these cells, most processing seems to be extragranular, and most of the protein products become components of the plasma membrane. Small-cell lung cancer and breast cancer cells also express normal genes for all vasopressin receptors and produce normal vasopressin receptor mRNAs and V1a and V1b receptor proteins, and the vasopressin-activated calcium mobilising (VACM) protein; plus both normal and abnormal forms of the V2 receptor. Through these receptors, vasopressin exercises multifaceted effects on tumour growth and metabolism. A normal protein vasopressin gene promoter seems to be present in small-cell lung cancer cells, and this promoter contains all of the transcriptional elements known to be involved in gene regulation within hypothalamic neurones. Since these elements largely account for regulation of tumour gene expression observed in vitro, it is likely that as yet unknown factors are selectively produced by tumours in vivo to account for the observed seemingly autonomous or unregulated production of hormone in tumour patients. Promoter elements thought to be responsible for selective vasopressin gene expression in small-cell lung cancer probably include an E-box and a neurone restrictive silencer element close to the transcription start site. It is possible that transcription factors acting at these same elements can explain selective vasopressin expression, not only in small-cell tumours, but also in all other tumours such as breast cancer. By extrapolation, similar mechanisms might also be responsible for the expression of additional features that characterize the 'neuroendocrine' profile of these cancers.

Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Receptors, Vasopressin; Vasopressins

Sixteen tumor markers are reviewed, and measured to the ideal: produced by the tumor cell alone absent in health and in benign disease present in all patients with a given malignancy level in the blood representative of tumor mass detectable in occult disease. The only marker that approaches the ideal is human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in gestational trophoblastic tumors. In this malignancy, the HCG level suggests the diagnosis and stage, confirms response to therapy, and predicts relapse. The three most widely used and intensely studied tumor markers are carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alphafetoprotein (AFP), and HCG. CEA cannot be used in screening for cancer, but in carcinoma of the colon its elevation preoperatively increases the likelihood of advanced disease and postoperative recurrence. Postoperatively, elevated titers are often but not invariably associated with recurrent disease. AFP and HCG are useful in the management of nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors. Like CEA, they cannot be used for screening. They are more likely to be increased with advancing stage, and after therapy rising levels almost always mean recurrent disease. Some markers are valuable in specific circumstances, such as calcitonin in screening for familial medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. In multiple myeloma, immunoglobulins are useful in determining the tumor mass and response to therapy. In neuroblastoma, catecholamine metabolites are useful primarily in making the diagnosis. In some malignancies, the absence of effective therapy lowers the value of the marker, as for AFP in hepatoma. The remaining markers are too unreliable or too little studied to be useful in the management of an individual patient with cancer. The purpose of this paper is to provide the clinician with an understanding of the limitations of the present tumor markers that will lead to wiser use of the tests, and to provide standards to which future tumor markers should be measured.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Alkaline Phosphatase; alpha-Fetoproteins; Breast Neoplasms; Calcitonin; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Catecholamines; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Colonic Neoplasms; Female; Ferritins; Humans; Hydroxyproline; Immunoglobulins; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Parathyroid Hormone; Placental Lactogen; Polyamines; Pregnancy; Trophoblastic Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms; Vasopressins

We treated 34 patients with breast carcinoma metastatic to the liver and refractory to prior chemotherapy with sequential hepatic arterial infusion of cisplatin and vinblastine in an attempt to enhance their antitumor activity. Following the administration of cisplatin at 100 mg/m2 i.v., the patients received a continuous arterial infusion of vinblastine at 1.7 mg/m2 daily for 5 consecutive days. Of 33 patients evaluable for response, eleven (33%) achieved partial responses and eight (24%) had minor responses. Median time to progression for responding patients was 31 weeks (range, 6+ to 74), and median survival was 11 months (range, 5-19). The adverse effects of the regimen were considerable, and seven failures were related to treatment intolerance or major toxicity. One patient who received vinblastine 2.0 mg/m2 daily developed a transient inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Percutaneous hepatic arterial infusion of cisplatin and vinblastine has significant activity in the treatment of breast cancer metastatic to the liver, but subjective and objective treatment intolerance hamper the therapeutic value.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Cisplatin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Liver Function Tests; Liver Neoplasms; Menopause; Middle Aged; Vasopressins; Vinblastine

Breast cancer cells abnormally express vasopressin (AVP) and its receptors. The effect of AVP is largely orchestrated through its downstream signaling and by receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), in which Dynamin 2 (Dyn2) plays an integral role in vesicle closure. In this work, luminal A breast cancer cells were treated with AVP, and then Dynasore (DYN) was employed to inhibit Dyn2 to explore the combined effect of AVP and Dyn2 inhibition on the survival of breast cancer cells. The results revealed that DYN alone demonstrated a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect in AVP untreated cells. Apoptosis developed in 29.7 and 30.3% of cells treated with AVP or AVP+DYN, respectively, compared to 32.5% in cells treated with Wortmannin (Wort, a selective PI3K pathway inhibitor). More apoptosis was observed when cells were treated with DYN+Wort in presence or absence of exogenous AVP. Besides, 2 or 4- fold increases in the expression of Bax and Caspase-3, were observed in cells exposed to AVP in absence or presence of DYN, respectively. This was associated with higher levels of the autophagy marker (LC3II protein). Meanwhile, the activation of Akt protein, sequentially decreased in the same pattern. Cell's invasion decreased when they were exposed to AVP alone or combined with DYN or/and Wort. Conclusively, although many reports suggested the proliferative effect of AVP, the results predict the antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects of 100 nM AVP in luminal A breast cancer cells. However, the hormone did not enhance the cytotoxic effect of Dyn 2 or PI3K pathway inhibition. Summary of the Dynamin 2 independent AVP antiproliferative effects. Breast cancer cells expresses AVP as a Prohormone (A). At high dose of AVP, the hormone is liganded with AVP receptor (B) to initiate RME, where the endosomed complex (C) is degraded through the endosome-lysosome system, as a part of signal management. These events consume soluble Dyn2 in neck closure and vesicle fission (D). This makes the cells more substitutable to the direct apoptotic effect of DYN (E). Alternatively, at lower AVP doses the liganded AVP may initiate cAMP-mediated downstream signaling (F) and cellular proliferation. In parallel, Wort inhibits PIP2-PIP3 conversion (G) and the subsequent inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway leading to cell death.

Topics: Apoptosis; Breast Neoplasms; Dynamin II; Female; Humans; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Vasopressins

A native form of mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody called MAG-1, which recognizes an epitope on provasopressin, has been found to shrink and produce extensive necrosis of human breast tumor xenografts in nu/nu mice. We examined the ability of (90)Yttrium-labeled and native MAG-1 to affect the growth in nu/nu mice of cancer xenografts that were estrogen-responsive (from MCF-7 cells) and triple-negative (from MDA-MB231 cells). The growth rates of treated cells were compared to those receiving saline vehicle and those receiving (90)Yttrium-labeled and native forms of the ubiquitous antibody, MOPC21. Short-term treatments (4 doses over 6 days) not only with (90)Yttrium-MAG-1 but also native MAG-1 produced large reductions in size of rapidly growing tumors of both types, while both (90)Yttrium- MOPC21 and native MOPC21 had no effect. Native and (90)Yttrium-MAG-1 effects were similar, and arrested tumors recommenced growing soon after treatments stopped. Increasing native MAG-1 treatment to single dosing for 16 consecutive days shrank tumors of both types with no regrowth apparent over a 20-day post-treatment period of observation. Pathological examination of such tumors revealed they had undergone very extensive (>66%) necrosis.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Female; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Nude; Vasopressins; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Yttrium

Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Ductal; Female; Histological Techniques; Humans; Mice; Pituitary Gland; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Urinary Bladder; Vasopressins

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare clinical condition, which is usually caused by neurohypophyseal or pituitary stalk infiltration in cancer patients.. we present a 62-year old metastatic breast cancer woman with DI. She admitted to the hospital because of nausea, vomiting, polyuria and polydipsia, while she was on no cytotoxic medication. She had no electrolyte imbalance except mild hypernatremia. The CT scan of the brain yielded a suspicious area in pituitary gland. A pituitary stalk metastasis was found on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of pituitary. Water deprivation test was compatible with DI. A clinical response to nasal vasopressin was achieved.. Cancer patients who have symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, polyuria and polydipsia while they are not on chemotherapy should be evaluated for not only metabolic complications like hypercalcemia but also posterior pituitary or stalk metastasis MRI could be the choice of imaging for pituitary metastasis.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Breast Neoplasms; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nausea; Pituitary Neoplasms; Polyuria; Thirst; Vasopressins; Vomiting

The pathophysiology behind post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is still not fully understood, especially with respect to gender. According to PONV risk scores, female gender is the strongest predictor for PONV. The risk for PONV after general anaesthesia for breast cancer surgery is 50-80%. The aim of the present explorative study was to identify blood-borne factors that might be associated with the development of PONV in women undergoing breast cancer surgery as a basis for further studies.. Fifty patients were enrolled prospectively in the study. A standardized sevoflurane-based anaesthetic was used. Blood samples for the analysis of vasopressin, gastrin, cholecystokinin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, platelet count and blood glucose were taken at six pre-determined time points peri-operatively, and PONV was assessed during 24 h.. PONV was found in 27 of 47 patients completing the study. Patients with PONV had a larger variability of the platelet count (P = 0.001), a reduced platelet count on the first post-operative day (P = 0.02) and a less pronounced relationship between the platelet count and whole blood serotonin (P = 0.004) compared with non-PONV patients. A lack of a decrease in epinephrine levels in response to the induction of anaesthesia (P = 0.03) and increased levels of vasopressin (P < 0.001), epinephrine (P = 0.005) and blood glucose (P = 0.004) were observed in the early post-operative period in PONV patients.. Three different platelet-associated factors and an altered epinephrine pattern were found to be associated with the occurrence of PONV after breast cancer surgery.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Antiemetics; Blood Glucose; Breast Neoplasms; Epinephrine; Female; Hormones; Humans; Methyl Ethers; Middle Aged; Ondansetron; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Platelet Count; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; Prospective Studies; Serotonin; Sevoflurane; Stress, Physiological; Vasopressins

We previously found that expression of the vasopressin gene is a common feature of human breast cancer. In the present study we first examined 21 different cases of benign fibrocystic breast disease for vasopressin expression using immunohistochemistry and antibodies directed against vasopressin (anti-VP) and against vasopressin-associated glycopeptide (anti-VAG). All cases examined were negative for vasopressin gene expression using these antibodies. Alternatively, we examined 16 cases of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) using the second of these antibodies (anti-VAG), and all of these cases were positive for vasopressin gene expression. Our results suggest that products of vasopressin gene expression are not markers of cellular proliferation in the breast, and might rather represent an early part of the carcinogenic process in this tissue.

Topics: Biopsy; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Ductal; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Retrospective Studies; Vasopressins

Immunohistochemical analysis for products of vasopressin and oxytocin gene expression was performed on acetone-fixed tissues from 19 breast cancers representing a variety of tumor sub-types. Studies employed the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) immunohistochemical procedure and utilized rabbit polyclonal antibodies to arginine vasopressin (VP), provasopressin (ProVP), vasopressin-associated human glycopeptide (VAG), oxytocin (OT), oxytocin-associated human neurophysin (OT-HNP), and a mouse monoclonal antibody to vasopressin-associated human neurophysin (VP-HNP). Western Blot analysis was performed on protein extracts of fresh-frozen tissues from 12 additional breast tumors. While VP gene related proteins were not detected in normal breast tissue, immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of VP, ProVP, and VAG in all neoplastic cells for all of the tumor tissues examined. Vasopressin-associated human neurophysin was evident in only one of 19 acetone-fixed tumor preparations. However, Western blot analysis for all 12 fresh-frozen tumor samples showed the presence of two proteins, 42,000 and 20,000 daltons, that were immunoreactive with antibodies to VP, VP-HNP, and VAG. Oxytocin and OT-HNP, by immunohistochemistry, were found to be common to cells of normal breast tissues. For tumors, positive staining for OT was observed in 8 of 18 tumors, while OT-HNP was not detected in any of the tumors examined. These findings indicate that VP gene expression is a selective feature of all breast cancers, and that products of this expression might therefore be useful as markers for early detection of this disease and as possible targets for immunotherapy.

Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Arginine Vasopressin; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blotting, Western; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Glycopeptides; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Neurophysins; Oxytocin; Protein Precursors; Vasopressins

In order to isolate and characterize genes whose expression may be altered in breast malignancy, we screened a cDNA library with a polyclonal anti-serum against breast-cancer-metastasis membranes and isolated several immunopositive clones. One of these, AJ1, was analyzed in detail and found to be expressed at varying levels as a 3.3-kb mRNA in all of 143 breast cancers. High expression was associated with lymph-node involvement (p = 0.03). Comparison between high- and low-expressing groups showed a significant difference at 4 and 6 years for both overall (p = 0.004 and p = 0.002 respectively) and disease-free (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.04 respectively) survival, but not at 11 years. AJ1 was expressed at much lower levels in non-malignant biopsies as compared with malignant tissue (p = 0.001). Expression was observed in breast-cancer cell lines MCF-7, ZR-75-1, T47D, MDA-MB-231 and HBL 100. Partial sequence analysis of the 620 bp clone showed complete homology with human heat-shock protein 89 alpha. In addition to being heat-inducible in all the breast cell lines examined, AJ1 levels were increased by estradiol (blocked by cyclohexamide and tamoxifen), EGF, oxytocin and vasopressin in a time-dependent manner in MCF-7 cells and by estradiol, EGF, prolactin and hydrocortisone in T47D cells. In MDA-MB-231 cells, EGF caused down-regulation of AJ1 mRNA levels. The increasing evidence for the association of heat-shock proteins with steroid receptors suggests that AJ1 may play an important role in the control of estrogen-receptor transcriptional activity in breast cancers.

Topics: Blotting, Northern; Breast Neoplasms; Epidermal Growth Factor; Estradiol; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Oxytocin; Prolactin; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Neoplasm; Tamoxifen; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vasopressins

The arginine vasopressin and oxytocin content of normal and cancerous human breast tissue were measured using radioimmunoassay. Both peptides were present in amounts greater than that found in the circulation, but no difference between normal and malignant tissues was found. Binding of [3H]oxytocin and [3H]vasopressin were characterized in human breast carcinoma cells (MCF7 cells). Binding of both hormones to MCF7 cells was specific and saturable, the vasopressin receptor found to be of the V1 subtype. Scatchard analyses of the data were linear, indicating a single high affinity, low capacity binding site for each hormone (vasopressin: KD = 47.4 +/- 1.6 nmol/liter, Bmax = 27,300 +/- 6,500 sites/cell; oxytocin: KD = 51.3 +/- 0.4 nmol/liter, Bmax = 87,000 +/- 4,000 sites/cell). The effects of vasopressin and oxytocin on the growth of MCF7 cells were assessed using protein accumulation and cell numbers. Vasopressin at 10-1000 pmol/liter was mitogenic for MCF7 cells, but higher doses (10 nmol/liter) were growth inhibitory. Oxytocin was also mitogenic for MCF7 cells but to a lesser extent than vasopressin. In conclusion, we suggest that vasopressin and possibly oxytocin may be important modulators of the growth of some human breast carcinomas.

Topics: Arginine Vasopressin; Binding, Competitive; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line; Female; Humans; Inositol Phosphates; Kinetics; Oxytocin; Radioimmunoassay; Receptors, Angiotensin; Receptors, Oxytocin; Receptors, Vasopressin; Reference Values; Vasopressins

The study included 10 female donors, 12 patients with benign and 59 with malignant tumors of the breast at various stages before and after treatment. The immunomodulating effect of vasopressin and interleukin-2 on blood-natural killer functional activity was studied in vitro. Vasopressin dose of 4 x 10(-1) IU/5 x 10(5) cells exerted an immunosuppressive effect while 4 x 10(-5) IU/5 x 10(5) cells stimulated immunity. The stimulating effect of optimal interleukin-2 dosage (20-40 U/5 x 10(5) cells) on natural killer functional activity appeared 1.5-2-times higher than that optimal vasopressin dose (4 x 10(-5)/5 x 10(5) cells). Combined administration of the agents was not followed by increase in overall effect. Sensitivity of blood-natural killer cells in breast cancer patients to vasopressin and interleukin-2 depended upon clinical pattern, stage of tumor and treatment modality.

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Drug Synergism; Female; Humans; Interleukin-2; Killer Cells, Natural; Neoplasm Staging; Vasopressins

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Pituitary Gland; Postoperative Complications; Vasopressins

Diabetes insipidus, resulting from metastatic involvement of the neurohypophysial system, is a rare complication of breast cancer. This review examined the clinical features, metastatic pattern, and radiological and postmortem findings of 39 breast cancer patients with this complication. All patients had polyuria and polydipsia, and all had evidence of advanced metastatic breast cancer. A high incidence of meningeal carcinoma carcinomatosis and/or sellar metastases was observed. In view of the anatomical proximity of the posterior pituitary to the dura mater and the sella turcica, our findings suggest that metastases to the neurohypophysis can occur not only as a result of hematogenous dissemination of malignant cells, but also from direct tumor extension and/or invasion from adjacent structures. Although satisfactory symptomatic relief can be obtained with vasopressin tannate, complete resolution of the diabetic insipidus syndrome was evident only in those patients who had achieved control of the underlying breast disease.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Humans; Meningeal Neoplasms; Menopause; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pituitary Neoplasms; Sella Turcica; Vasopressins

The development of a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for vasopressin is described. Antibodies were successfully produced following the coupling of synthetic arginine vasopressin with bovine serum albumin carried out with carbodiimide. In order to standardize the assay, the labelled hormone has to be separated twice using a DEAE-Sephadex-A-25 column and thin layer chromatography with cellulose plates. A further condition to obtain a reproducible standard curve is the use of a pure arginine vasopressin checked by cellulose chromatography. Most of the vasopressin batches available do not fulfil this requirement of purity. With the method described, vasopressin can be determined in unextracted human urine. The lower limit of detection is 2 pg/ml. Normal values are in the range of 67.5 +/- 34.3 ng/24 h (kappa +/- SD, n =45). No significant difference of AVP excretion was found between men and women. The usefulness of the assay is demonstrated in patients with hypothalamic or pituitary disorders.

Topics: Acromegaly; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arginine Vasopressin; Breast Neoplasms; Child; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cushing Syndrome; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunodiffusion; Lypressin; Male; Middle Aged; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radioimmunoassay; Vasopressins

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Alkalosis; Bicarbonates; Breast Neoplasms; Calcium; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Female; Gentamicins; Hodgkin Disease; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hyponatremia; Hypothalamus; Lung Neoplasms; Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes; Phosphates; Potassium; Vasopressins

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mathematics; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; Neoplasm Metastasis; Palliative Care; Remission, Spontaneous; Time Factors; Vasopressins

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenalectomy; Androgens; Androstanols; Breast Neoplasms; Estrogens; Female; Hirsutism; Hormones; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hypertension; Hypophysectomy; Male; Nandrolone; Norethindrone; Ovarian Neoplasms; Progesterone; Prostatic Neoplasms; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroid Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms; Vasopressins

Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Lysine; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests; Vasopressins

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Humans; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; Leukemia, Myeloid; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pituitary Neoplasms; Polyuria; Vasopressins

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Deficiency Diseases; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Osmolar Concentration; Pituitary Function Tests; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Pituitary Neoplasms; Polyuria; Vasopressins; Water Deprivation

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Cortisone; Desoxycorticosterone; Diabetes Insipidus; Female; Hematocrit; Humans; Hyponatremia; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Regeneration; Neurons; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Postoperative Complications; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Vasopressins; Water; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Topics: Androgens; Blindness; Breast Neoplasms; Cortisone; Cyclophosphamide; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Methods; Pituitary Irradiation; Thiotepa; Thyroxine; Vasopressins; Yttrium Isotopes

Topics: Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Diuresis; Female; Humans; Mannitol; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Vasopressins; Water

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Diuresis; Female; Humans; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome; Neoplasms; Vasopressins

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Diuresis; Female; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Hypothalamus; Neoplasm Metastasis; Palliative Care; Vasopressins

Topics: Acromegaly; Adult; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Cushing Syndrome; Diabetes Insipidus; Diabetic Retinopathy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Gland; Polyuria; Prostatic Neoplasms; Ultrasonic Therapy; Vasopressins

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Blindness; Breast Neoplasms; Central Nervous System Diseases; Diabetes Insipidus; Fistula; Follow-Up Studies; Gold Isotopes; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Meningitis; Pituitary Irradiation; Sella Turcica; Vasopressins

Topics: Adenoma; Adenoma, Acidophil; Adenoma, Chromophobe; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Breast Neoplasms; Diabetes Insipidus; Endocrinology; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior; Prednisone; Prolactin; Thyrotropin; Vasopressins

Topics: Arginine Vasopressin; Breast Neoplasms; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Interphase; Polyuria; Vasopressins