pirenzepine has been researched along with Myopia in 34 studies
Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.
Myopia: A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Pirenzepine ophthalmic gel 2% was effective compared with placebo in slowing the progression of myopia over a 2-year treatment period and demonstrated a clinically acceptable safety profile." | 9.13 | Two-year multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia. ( Cotter, SA; Crockett, RS; Miller, JM; Novack, GD; Siatkowski, RM; Zadnik, K, 2008) |
| "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the relatively selective M(1)-antagonist, pirenzepine ophthalmic gel (gel), in slowing the progression of myopia in school-aged children." | 9.11 | One-year multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia. ( Chua, WH; Crockett, RS; Lam, DS; Shu-Ping, DF; Tan, DT, 2005) |
| "Pirenzepine is effective and relatively safe in slowing the progression of myopia during a 1-year treatment period." | 9.11 | Safety and efficacy of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia: a 1-year, multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled parallel study. ( Cotter, S; Crockett, RS; Miller, JM; Novack, GD; Scher, CA; Siatkowski, RM, 2004) |
| "Injections of the D2 dopamine receptor agonist quinpirole or the acetylcholine muscarinic receptor antagonists pirenzepine and atropine prevent the development of negative-lens-induced myopia in chicks by inhibiting ocular growth." | 7.91 | Effects of time-of-day on inhibition of lens-induced myopia by quinpirole, pirenzepine and atropine in chicks. ( Jordan, K; Nickla, DL; Singh, P; Yang, J, 2019) |
| "In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of action of pirenzepine in a guinea pig model of myopia induced by exposure to monochromatic light." | 7.81 | Pirenzepine Inhibits Myopia in Guinea Pig Model by Regulating the Balance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 Expression and Increased Tyrosine Hydroxylase Levels. ( Chen, P; Li, X; Qian, L; Tang, W; Wang, Q; Yin, J; Zhang, J; Zhao, H, 2015) |
| "To study effects of vitreous injecting M(1)-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, on expression of M(1) and M(4) receptor in retina, choroid, sclera and iris-ciliary body of guinea pig with form-deprived myopia." | 7.76 | [Effect on of pirenzepine on expression of mAChRs in the ocular tissues of guinea pig with form-deprived myopia]. ( Liu, Q; Yu, J; Zeng, JW, 2010) |
| "Pirenzepine ophthalmic solution can inhibit the development of form deprivation myopia." | 7.75 | [Mechanism of Smad 3 signaling pathway and connective tissue growth factor in the inhibition of form deprivation myopia by pirenzepine]. ( Ji, X; Jia, P; Sun, H; Wang, Y; Zhang, J, 2009) |
| "Subconjunctivally administration of the M1 selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, partly prevents or restrains form deprivation induced myopia." | 7.73 | [Effect of pirenzepine on form deprivation myopia in chicks and its possible mechanism]. ( Dai, SZ; Wang, LY; Zeng, JW, 2006) |
| "Topical administration of the M1-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, can prevent induced form-deprivation myopia in guinea pigs by inhibiting axial elongation without obvious damage to ocular tissues." | 7.73 | Effect of pirenzepine ophthalmic solution on form-deprivation myopia in the guinea pigs. ( Cheng, NN; Chu, RY; Le, QH; Wu, W, 2005) |
| "To determine the efficacy of the M(1)-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, in preventing lens-induced myopia in the guinea-pig and to study the mechanism and the possibility of treatment of myopia with pirenzepine." | 7.72 | [Effects of pirenzepine on lens-induced myopia in the guinea-pig]. ( Chu, RY; Hu, WZ; Ouyang, CH, 2003) |
| "The success of the M(1)-selective muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine in preventing myopia development in animal models implicates a role for the M(1) receptor." | 7.71 | Inhibition of myopia development in chicks using himbacine: a role for M(4) receptors? ( Cottriall, CL; McBrien, NA; Truong, HT, 2001) |
| "Whilst the precise mechanism regulating ocular growth is unknown, it has been shown that various pharmacological agents, including the muscarinic receptor antagonists, atropine and pirenzepine, are effective at preventing the development of myopia." | 7.71 | Pirenzepine affects scleral metabolic changes in myopia through a non-toxic mechanism. ( Cottriall, CL; Gentle, A; McBrien, NA; Truong, HT, 2002) |
| "The present study investigated the drug distribution and elimination profiles in ocular tissues of pirenzepine, a selective M1 muscarinic antagonist known to inhibit myopia." | 7.70 | Prevention of form-deprivation myopia with pirenzepine: a study of drug delivery and distribution. ( Annies, R; Cottriall, CL; Leech, EM; McBrien, NA, 1999) |
| "To determine the efficacy of the M1-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, in preventing experimentally induced myopia in a mammalian model, the tree shrew." | 7.69 | The M1 muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine reduces myopia and eye enlargement in the tree shrew. ( Cottriall, CL; McBrien, NA, 1996) |
| "Previous studies have demonstrated that muscarinic antagonists, such as atropine and pirenzepine, block form deprivation myopia in avian and mammalian models." | 7.69 | Pirenzepine prevents form deprivation myopia in a dose dependent manner. ( Cottriall, CL; Leech, EM; McBrien, NA, 1995) |
| "Myopia is one of the most common ocular disorders for which standard treatments, such as refractive surgery, often involve invasive procedures." | 5.46 | Ion-paired pirenzepine-loaded micelles as an ophthalmic delivery system for the treatment of myopia. ( Li, P; Li, Y; Mi, G; Shen, Y; Sun, L; Tu, J; Webster, TJ; Zhang, Y, 2017) |
| "Pirenzepine ophthalmic gel 2% was effective compared with placebo in slowing the progression of myopia over a 2-year treatment period and demonstrated a clinically acceptable safety profile." | 5.13 | Two-year multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia. ( Cotter, SA; Crockett, RS; Miller, JM; Novack, GD; Siatkowski, RM; Zadnik, K, 2008) |
| "Pirenzepine is effective and relatively safe in slowing the progression of myopia during a 1-year treatment period." | 5.11 | Safety and efficacy of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia: a 1-year, multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled parallel study. ( Cotter, S; Crockett, RS; Miller, JM; Novack, GD; Scher, CA; Siatkowski, RM, 2004) |
| "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the relatively selective M(1)-antagonist, pirenzepine ophthalmic gel (gel), in slowing the progression of myopia in school-aged children." | 5.11 | One-year multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia. ( Chua, WH; Crockett, RS; Lam, DS; Shu-Ping, DF; Tan, DT, 2005) |
| "Atropine eye drops and pirenzepine eye gel are highly effective for controlling myopia progression in children." | 4.98 | Epidemiology of myopia and prevention of myopia progression in children in East Asia: a review. ( Chen, LJ; Lee, SM; Mak, CY; Yam, JC; Young, AL, 2018) |
| "Myopia (short-sightedness), usually caused by excessive elongation of the eye during development, has reached epidemic proportions worldwide." | 4.02 | Transcriptome-based insights into gene networks controlling myopia prevention. ( Ashby, R; Hardy, K; Karouta, C; Kucharski, R; Maleszka, R; Morgan, I; Thomson, K, 2021) |
| "Injections of the D2 dopamine receptor agonist quinpirole or the acetylcholine muscarinic receptor antagonists pirenzepine and atropine prevent the development of negative-lens-induced myopia in chicks by inhibiting ocular growth." | 3.91 | Effects of time-of-day on inhibition of lens-induced myopia by quinpirole, pirenzepine and atropine in chicks. ( Jordan, K; Nickla, DL; Singh, P; Yang, J, 2019) |
| "To investigate the efficacy of α-adrenergic agonist brimonidine either alone or combined with pirenzepine for inhibiting progressing myopia in guinea pig lens-myopia-induced models." | 3.85 | α-adrenergic agonist brimonidine control of experimentally induced myopia in guinea pigs: A pilot study. ( Jiang, X; Li, X; Liu, Y; Lv, H; Wang, Y; Zhang, M, 2017) |
| "In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of action of pirenzepine in a guinea pig model of myopia induced by exposure to monochromatic light." | 3.81 | Pirenzepine Inhibits Myopia in Guinea Pig Model by Regulating the Balance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 Expression and Increased Tyrosine Hydroxylase Levels. ( Chen, P; Li, X; Qian, L; Tang, W; Wang, Q; Yin, J; Zhang, J; Zhao, H, 2015) |
| "Pirenzepine did not alter the level of positive-lens-induced hyperopia in chicks wearing +10 D lenses compared with that in the vehicle control group (+8." | 3.76 | The effect of pirenzepine on positive- and negative-lens-induced refractive error and ocular growth in chicks. ( McBrien, NA; Metlapally, S, 2010) |
| "To study effects of vitreous injecting M(1)-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, on expression of M(1) and M(4) receptor in retina, choroid, sclera and iris-ciliary body of guinea pig with form-deprived myopia." | 3.76 | [Effect on of pirenzepine on expression of mAChRs in the ocular tissues of guinea pig with form-deprived myopia]. ( Liu, Q; Yu, J; Zeng, JW, 2010) |
| "Pirenzepine ophthalmic solution can inhibit the development of form deprivation myopia." | 3.75 | [Mechanism of Smad 3 signaling pathway and connective tissue growth factor in the inhibition of form deprivation myopia by pirenzepine]. ( Ji, X; Jia, P; Sun, H; Wang, Y; Zhang, J, 2009) |
| "Subconjunctivally administration of the M1 selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, partly prevents or restrains form deprivation induced myopia." | 3.73 | [Effect of pirenzepine on form deprivation myopia in chicks and its possible mechanism]. ( Dai, SZ; Wang, LY; Zeng, JW, 2006) |
| "Topical administration of the M1-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, can prevent induced form-deprivation myopia in guinea pigs by inhibiting axial elongation without obvious damage to ocular tissues." | 3.73 | Effect of pirenzepine ophthalmic solution on form-deprivation myopia in the guinea pigs. ( Cheng, NN; Chu, RY; Le, QH; Wu, W, 2005) |
| "To determine the efficacy of the M(1)-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, in preventing lens-induced myopia in the guinea-pig and to study the mechanism and the possibility of treatment of myopia with pirenzepine." | 3.72 | [Effects of pirenzepine on lens-induced myopia in the guinea-pig]. ( Chu, RY; Hu, WZ; Ouyang, CH, 2003) |
| " This finding is of primary interest to vision researchers in that it suggests pirenzepine is unlikely to mediate its inhibitory effect on the progression of myopia through an M1 receptor in chick." | 3.72 | Muscarinic antagonist control of myopia: a molecular search for the M1 receptor in chick. ( Gentle, A; McBrien, NA; Yin, GC, 2004) |
| "The success of the M(1)-selective muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine in preventing myopia development in animal models implicates a role for the M(1) receptor." | 3.71 | Inhibition of myopia development in chicks using himbacine: a role for M(4) receptors? ( Cottriall, CL; McBrien, NA; Truong, HT, 2001) |
| "Whilst the precise mechanism regulating ocular growth is unknown, it has been shown that various pharmacological agents, including the muscarinic receptor antagonists, atropine and pirenzepine, are effective at preventing the development of myopia." | 3.71 | Pirenzepine affects scleral metabolic changes in myopia through a non-toxic mechanism. ( Cottriall, CL; Gentle, A; McBrien, NA; Truong, HT, 2002) |
| "The present study investigated the drug distribution and elimination profiles in ocular tissues of pirenzepine, a selective M1 muscarinic antagonist known to inhibit myopia." | 3.70 | Prevention of form-deprivation myopia with pirenzepine: a study of drug delivery and distribution. ( Annies, R; Cottriall, CL; Leech, EM; McBrien, NA, 1999) |
| "Previous studies have demonstrated that muscarinic antagonists, such as atropine and pirenzepine, block form deprivation myopia in avian and mammalian models." | 3.69 | Pirenzepine prevents form deprivation myopia in a dose dependent manner. ( Cottriall, CL; Leech, EM; McBrien, NA, 1995) |
| "To determine the efficacy of the M1-selective muscarinic antagonist, pirenzepine, in preventing experimentally induced myopia in a mammalian model, the tree shrew." | 3.69 | The M1 muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine reduces myopia and eye enlargement in the tree shrew. ( Cottriall, CL; McBrien, NA, 1996) |
| "The most likely effective treatment to slow myopia progression thus far is anti-muscarinic topical medication." | 2.47 | Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children. ( Cotter, SA; Lindsley, K; Mutti, DO; Twelker, JD; Vedula, SS; Walline, JJ, 2011) |
| "Myopia is a significant public health problem and its prevalence may be increasing over time." | 2.45 | Treatment options for myopia. ( Gwiazda, J, 2009) |
| "represents a breakthrough in the treatment of myopia and clearly indicates that we will be able in the near future to slow down or even block the progression of this refractive anomaly." | 2.43 | [Fundamentals of modern treatment of myopia]. ( Czepita, D, 2005) |
| "Myopia is a worldwide epidemic." | 1.56 | Practice patterns to decrease myopia progression differ among paediatric ophthalmologists around the world. ( Farzavandi, SK; Gomez-de-Liaño, R; Leshno, A; Mezer, E; Sprunger, DT; Wygnanski-Jaffe, T, 2020) |
| "Myopia is one of the most common ocular disorders for which standard treatments, such as refractive surgery, often involve invasive procedures." | 1.46 | Ion-paired pirenzepine-loaded micelles as an ophthalmic delivery system for the treatment of myopia. ( Li, P; Li, Y; Mi, G; Shen, Y; Sun, L; Tu, J; Webster, TJ; Zhang, Y, 2017) |
| "Myopia is a huge public health problem worldwide, reaching the highest incidence in Asia." | 1.39 | Muscarinic cholinergic receptor (M2) plays a crucial role in the development of myopia in mice. ( Barathi, VA; Beuerman, RW; Goh, LK; Kwan, JL; Seet, LF; Tan, QS; Vithana, EN; Weon, SR, 2013) |
| "Myopia is the most common human eye disorder." | 1.37 | An evidence-based update on myopia and interventions to retard its progression. ( Leo, SW; Young, TL, 2011) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 6 (17.65) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 16 (47.06) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 10 (29.41) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 2 (5.88) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Leshno, A | 1 |
| Farzavandi, SK | 1 |
| Gomez-de-Liaño, R | 1 |
| Sprunger, DT | 1 |
| Wygnanski-Jaffe, T | 1 |
| Mezer, E | 1 |
| Karouta, C | 1 |
| Kucharski, R | 1 |
| Hardy, K | 1 |
| Thomson, K | 1 |
| Maleszka, R | 1 |
| Morgan, I | 1 |
| Ashby, R | 1 |
| Li, Y | 1 |
| Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Li, P | 1 |
| Mi, G | 1 |
| Tu, J | 1 |
| Sun, L | 1 |
| Webster, TJ | 1 |
| Shen, Y | 1 |
| Liu, Y | 1 |
| Wang, Y | 2 |
| Lv, H | 1 |
| Jiang, X | 1 |
| Zhang, M | 1 |
| Li, X | 2 |
| Mak, CY | 1 |
| Yam, JC | 1 |
| Chen, LJ | 1 |
| Lee, SM | 1 |
| Young, AL | 1 |
| Nickla, DL | 1 |
| Jordan, K | 1 |
| Yang, J | 1 |
| Singh, P | 1 |
| Barathi, VA | 1 |
| Kwan, JL | 1 |
| Tan, QS | 1 |
| Weon, SR | 1 |
| Seet, LF | 1 |
| Goh, LK | 1 |
| Vithana, EN | 1 |
| Beuerman, RW | 1 |
| Qian, L | 1 |
| Zhao, H | 1 |
| Yin, J | 1 |
| Tang, W | 1 |
| Chen, P | 1 |
| Wang, Q | 1 |
| Zhang, J | 2 |
| Gwiazda, J | 1 |
| Ji, X | 1 |
| Sun, H | 1 |
| Jia, P | 1 |
| Liu, Q | 1 |
| Yu, J | 1 |
| Zeng, JW | 2 |
| Metlapally, S | 1 |
| McBrien, NA | 7 |
| Leo, SW | 1 |
| Young, TL | 1 |
| Walline, JJ | 1 |
| Lindsley, K | 1 |
| Vedula, SS | 1 |
| Cotter, SA | 2 |
| Mutti, DO | 1 |
| Twelker, JD | 1 |
| Saw, SM | 1 |
| Gazzard, G | 1 |
| Au Eong, KG | 1 |
| Tan, DT | 2 |
| Bartlett, JD | 1 |
| Niemann, K | 1 |
| Houde, B | 1 |
| Allred, T | 1 |
| Edmondson, MJ | 1 |
| Crockett, RS | 4 |
| Ouyang, CH | 1 |
| Chu, RY | 2 |
| Hu, WZ | 1 |
| Yin, GC | 1 |
| Gentle, A | 2 |
| Siatkowski, RM | 2 |
| Cotter, S | 1 |
| Miller, JM | 2 |
| Scher, CA | 1 |
| Novack, GD | 2 |
| Lam, DS | 1 |
| Chua, WH | 1 |
| Shu-Ping, DF | 1 |
| Le, QH | 1 |
| Cheng, NN | 1 |
| Wu, W | 1 |
| Czepita, D | 1 |
| Dai, SZ | 1 |
| Wang, LY | 1 |
| Zadnik, K | 1 |
| Leech, EM | 2 |
| Cottriall, CL | 5 |
| Rickers, M | 1 |
| Schaeffel, F | 1 |
| Tigges, M | 1 |
| Iuvone, PM | 1 |
| Fernandes, A | 1 |
| Sugrue, MF | 1 |
| Mallorga, PJ | 1 |
| Laties, AM | 2 |
| Stone, RA | 2 |
| Annies, R | 1 |
| Bullimore, MA | 1 |
| Kienzle-Pfeilsticker, H | 1 |
| Truong, HT | 2 |
| Lin, T | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vice-president, Nurse, Principal Investigator[NCT02903628] | 1,517 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-06-30 | Completed | |||
| Orthokeratology for High Myopia (OHM) Study[NCT03881358] | 66 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2018-08-04 | Recruiting | |||
| Myopia Progression in Children Wearing Near Center and Distance Center Multifocals - a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial[NCT03519490] | 0 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2018-06-01 | Withdrawn (stopped due to Lack of interest and support) | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
6 reviews available for pirenzepine and Myopia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Epidemiology of myopia and prevention of myopia progression in children in East Asia: a review.
Topics: Administration, Ophthalmic; Asia, Eastern; Atropine; Child; Contact Lenses; Disease Progression; Eye | 2018 |
Treatment options for myopia.
Topics: Atropine; Contact Lenses; Equipment Design; Eyeglasses; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Mydriatics; | 2009 |
Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children.
Topics: Atropine; Child; Contact Lenses; Cyclopentolate; Disease Progression; Eyeglasses; Humans; Muscarinic | 2011 |
Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children.
Topics: Atropine; Child; Contact Lenses; Cyclopentolate; Disease Progression; Eyeglasses; Humans; Muscarinic | 2011 |
Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children.
Topics: Atropine; Child; Contact Lenses; Cyclopentolate; Disease Progression; Eyeglasses; Humans; Muscarinic | 2011 |
Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children.
Topics: Atropine; Child; Contact Lenses; Cyclopentolate; Disease Progression; Eyeglasses; Humans; Muscarinic | 2011 |
Myopia: attempts to arrest progression.
Topics: Accommodation, Ocular; Adolescent; Adult; Atropine; Biofeedback, Psychology; Child; Contact Lenses; | 2002 |
[Fundamentals of modern treatment of myopia].
Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Child; Disease Progression; Gels; Humans; Myopia; Pirenzepine | 2005 |
What can be done for my child?
Topics: Child; Contact Lenses; Disease Progression; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; Ophthalmic Solut | 2000 |
4 trials available for pirenzepine and Myopia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
A tolerability study of pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in myopic children.
Topics: Child; Disease Progression; Female; Gels; Humans; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; Ophthalmic S | 2003 |
Safety and efficacy of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia: a 1-year, multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled parallel study.
Topics: Child; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gels; Humans; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; Ophthalmic S | 2004 |
One-year multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gels; Humans; Male; Muscarinic | 2005 |
Two-year multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Child; Double-Blind Method; Follow-Up Studies; Gels; Humans; Muscarinic Ant | 2008 |
24 other studies available for pirenzepine and Myopia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Practice patterns to decrease myopia progression differ among paediatric ophthalmologists around the world.
Topics: Atropine; Behavior Therapy; Child, Preschool; Disease Progression; Eyeglasses; Female; Global Health | 2020 |
Transcriptome-based insights into gene networks controlling myopia prevention.
Topics: Alternative Splicing; Animals; Atropine; Chickens; Circadian Rhythm; Early Growth Response Protein 1 | 2021 |
Ion-paired pirenzepine-loaded micelles as an ophthalmic delivery system for the treatment of myopia.
Topics: Animals; Biological Availability; Cornea; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Micelles; Muscarinic Antago | 2017 |
α-adrenergic agonist brimonidine control of experimentally induced myopia in guinea pigs: A pilot study.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Th | 2017 |
Effects of time-of-day on inhibition of lens-induced myopia by quinpirole, pirenzepine and atropine in chicks.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Chickens; Circadian Rhythm; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Administrat | 2019 |
Muscarinic cholinergic receptor (M2) plays a crucial role in the development of myopia in mice.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alkaloids; Animals; Cell Proliferation; Collagen; Disease Progression; Extracellular Ma | 2013 |
Pirenzepine Inhibits Myopia in Guinea Pig Model by Regulating the Balance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 Expression and Increased Tyrosine Hydroxylase Levels.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Guinea Pigs; Len | 2015 |
[Mechanism of Smad 3 signaling pathway and connective tissue growth factor in the inhibition of form deprivation myopia by pirenzepine].
Topics: Animals; Connective Tissue Growth Factor; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; Piren | 2009 |
[Effect on of pirenzepine on expression of mAChRs in the ocular tissues of guinea pig with form-deprived myopia].
Topics: Animals; Guinea Pigs; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; Pirenzepine; Receptor, Muscarinic M1; Receptor | 2010 |
The effect of pirenzepine on positive- and negative-lens-induced refractive error and ocular growth in chicks.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biometry; Chickens; Contact Lenses; Disease Models, Animal; Eye; Glycosam | 2010 |
An evidence-based update on myopia and interventions to retard its progression.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Male; Muscarinic Ant | 2011 |
[Effects of pirenzepine on lens-induced myopia in the guinea-pig].
Topics: Animals; Contact Lenses; Disease Models, Animal; Guinea Pigs; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; Pirenz | 2003 |
Muscarinic antagonist control of myopia: a molecular search for the M1 receptor in chick.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Northern; Blotting, Southern; Brain; Chickens; DNA Primers; DNA Probes; DNA, Comp | 2004 |
Effect of pirenzepine ophthalmic solution on form-deprivation myopia in the guinea pigs.
Topics: Animals; Eye; Guinea Pigs; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; Ophthalmic Solutions; Organ Size; Pirenze | 2005 |
[Effect of pirenzepine on form deprivation myopia in chicks and its possible mechanism].
Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Chickens; Conjunctiva; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Muscarinic Anta | 2006 |
Pirenzepine prevents form deprivation myopia in a dose dependent manner.
Topics: Animals; Anterior Eye Segment; Biometry; Chickens; Conjunctiva; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fo | 1995 |
Dose-dependent effects of intravitreal pirenzepine on deprivation myopia and lens-induced refractive errors in chickens.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Chickens; Dopamine; Electroretinography; Hyperopia; Myopia; | 1995 |
The M1 muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine reduces myopia and eye enlargement in the tree shrew.
Topics: Accommodation, Ocular; Animals; Conjunctiva; Disease Models, Animal; Eye; Hypertrophy; Injections; M | 1996 |
Effects of muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonists on postnatal eye growth of rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atropine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eye; Macaca mulatta; Muscarinic Anta | 1999 |
Prevention of form-deprivation myopia with pirenzepine: a study of drug delivery and distribution.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Conjunctiva; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections; Muscarinic Antagonists | 1999 |
[Anti-ulcer drug pirenzepin: new use as an aid for prevention of myopia?].
Topics: Asia; Child; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Multicenter Studies as Topic | 2001 |
Inhibition of myopia development in chicks using himbacine: a role for M(4) receptors?
Topics: Age Factors; Alkaloids; Animals; Chickens; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; | 2001 |
Pirenzepine affects scleral metabolic changes in myopia through a non-toxic mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Biometry; Cell Survival; Chickens; DNA; Glycosaminoglycans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Myopia; | 2002 |
Muscarinic antagonist effects on experimental chick myopia.
Topics: Animals; Chick Embryo; Eye; Myopia; Pirenzepine; Receptors, Muscarinic; Retina | 1991 |