piracetam and Disease Models, Animal studies

Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.

Disease Models, Animal: Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" The use of AEDs as a possible neuroprotective strategy in brain ischemia is receiving increasing attention and the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam, a 2S-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidiny1) butanamide, belonging to the pyrrolidone family, could have a crucial role in regulation of epileptogenesis and neuroprotection."	8.87	Levetiracetam in brain ischemia: clinical implications in neuroprotection and prevention of post-stroke epilepsy. ( Belcastro, V; Pierguidi, L; Tambasco, N, 2011)
"Piracetam was a candidate neuroprotective drug for acute stroke ineffective in clinical trial."	8.84	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of piracetam and piracetam-like compounds in experimental stroke. ( Macleod, MR; Sena, ES; Wheble, PC, 2008)
" The present study has been designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of telmisartan and metformin on diazepam-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice."	8.02	Evaluation of nootropic activity of telmisartan and metformin on diazepam-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice through AMPK pathway and amelioration of hippocampal morphological alterations. ( Alfuraih, BS; Alsuhaibani, NA; Elsayed, AM; Mahmoud, RH; Nadwa, EH; Rashed, LA; Said, ES, 2021)
"Our previous study showed that treatment with levetiracetam (LEV) after status epilepticus (SE) termination by diazepam might prevent the development of spontaneous recurrent seizures via the inhibition of neurotoxicity induced by brain edema events."	7.83	Levetiracetam treatment influences blood-brain barrier failure associated with angiogenesis and inflammatory responses in the acute phase of epileptogenesis in post-status epilepticus mice. ( Chiba, Y; Dohgu, S; Ishihara, Y; Itoh, K; Kataoka, Y; Komori, R; Nochi, H; Takata-Tsuji, F; Taniguchi, R; Ueno, M, 2016)
"To investigate the antiepileptic and protective effects of intravenous levetiracetam (iv LEV) in the rhesus monkey model of acute status epilepticus (SE)."	7.81	Pretreatment with intravenous levetiracetam in the rhesus monkey Coriaria lactone-induced status epilepticus model. ( Chen, F; Chen, SH; Cheng, L; Hong, Z; Lei, S; Li, HX; Li, JM; Li, L; Yang, TH; Zhou, D, 2015)
"TO determine neuroprotective properties of levetiracetam and simvastatin using rats with pilocaroine-induced epilepsy."	7.81	[Protective effects of levetiracetam and simvastatin on pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in rat models]. ( Chen, T; Li, MQ; Liu, L; Zhang, WW, 2015)
" This study was designed to compare the effects of levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug, on memory deficits associated with normal aging and AD in mouse models."	7.79	Effects of levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug, on memory impairments associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease in mice. ( Devi, L; Ohno, M, 2013)
"Levetiracetam has been reported to be well tolerated and effective in status epilepticus (SE) refractory to benzodiazepine."	7.79	The effect of levetiracetam on status epilepticus-induced neuronal death in the rat hippocampus. ( Choi, HC; Kang, TC; Kim, JE; Kim, YI; Lee, DS; Ryu, HJ; Song, HK, 2013)
"Levetiracetam, a novel antiepileptic drug, has recently been shown to have antinociceptive effects in various animal models of pain."	7.76	The antihyperalgesic effect of levetiracetam in an inflammatory model of pain in rats: mechanism of action. ( Micov, A; Popović, B; Stepanović-Petrović, R; Tomić, M, 2010)
"To demonstrate the effect of piracetam on changes in brain tissue and serum nitric oxide levels in dogs submitted to hemorrhagic shock."	7.74	The effect of piracetam on brain damage and serum nitric oxide levels in dogs submitted to hemorrhagic shock. ( Akdur, O; Avşaroğullari, L; Durukan, P; Ikizceli, I; Küçük, C; Muhtaroğlu, S; Ozkan, S; Oztürk, F; Sözüer, EM, 2008)
" In the present study, we examined the effects of the two new, high affinity SV2A ligands, brivaracetam and seletracetam, in comparison to levetiracetam on the severity of dystonia in mutant hamsters."	7.74	Brivaracetam and seletracetam, two new SV2A ligands, improve paroxysmal dystonia in the dt sz mutant hamster. ( Hamann, M; Richter, A; Sander, SE, 2008)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a new antiepileptic drug effective as adjunctive therapy for partial seizures."	7.73	Evaluation of levetiracetam effects on pilocarpine-induced seizures: cholinergic muscarinic system involvement. ( Aguiar, LM; Fonteles, MM; Freitas, RM; Nascimento, VS; Nogueira, CR; Oliveira, AA; Sousa, FC; Viana, GS, 2005)
"Effects of NEF on fully amygdala-kindled seizures and development of amygdala-kindled seizures were investigated in rats and compared with those of levetiracetam (LEV), a pyrrolidone-type antiepileptic drug (AED)."	7.73	Effects of Nefiracetam, a novel pyrrolidone-type nootropic agent, on the amygdala-kindled seizures in rats. ( Kasai, Y; Kinoshita, M; Kitano, Y; Komiyama, C; Makino, M; Sakurada, S; Takasuna, K; Takazawa, A; Yamauchi, T; Yamazaki, O, 2005)
"To assess the anticonvulsant activity of the novel antiepileptic drug, levetiracetam (LEV) in a model of self-sustaining limbic status epilepticus, and to measure the consequence of LEV treatment on the pattern of mitochondrial dysfunction known to occur after status epilepticus (SE)."	7.73	Levetiracetam: antiepileptic properties and protective effects on mitochondrial dysfunction in experimental status epilepticus. ( Cock, HR; Gibbs, JE; Walker, MC, 2006)
"The protective and adverse effect potentials of levetiracetam ((S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-pyrrolidine acetamide) in rodent models of seizures and epilepsy were compared with the profile of several currently prescribed and newly developed antiepileptic drugs."	7.70	Evidence for a unique profile of levetiracetam in rodent models of seizures and epilepsy. ( Gobert, J; Klitgaard, H; Matagne, A; Wülfert, E, 1998)
"Levetiracetam (Keppra) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) characterized by a novel mechanism of action, unique profile of activity in seizure models, and broad-spectrum clinical efficacy."	6.45	Benefit of combination therapy in epilepsy: a review of the preclinical evidence with levetiracetam. ( Kaminski, RM; Klitgaard, H; Matagne, A; Patsalos, PN, 2009)
"Epilepsy is a neurological disorder consisting of recurrent seizures, resulting from excessive, uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain."	6.43	Neuromodulation with levetiracetam and vagus nerve stimulation in experimental animal models of epilepsy. ( Boon, P; De Herdt, V; De Smedt, T; Dedeurwaerdere, S; Delbeke, J; Legros, B; Raedt, R; Van Hese, P; Van Laere, K; Vonck, K; Wadman, W; Waterschoot, L; Wyckhuys, T, 2006)
" The pharmacokinetic profiles of R-PhP in mouse plasma and its bioavailability in brain tissue were assessed."	5.56	Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity of DAT inhibitor R-phenylpiracetam in experimental models of inflammation in male mice. ( Dambrova, M; Grinberga, S; Stelfa, G; Svalbe, B; Vavers, E; Videja, M; Zvejniece, B; Zvejniece, L, 2020)
"Treatment with levetiracetam dose-dependently improved memory performance of the ketamine-exposed rats."	5.48	Treatment with levetiracetam improves cognition in a ketamine rat model of schizophrenia. ( Gallagher, M; Koh, MT; Rosenzweig-Lipson, S; Shao, Y, 2018)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a novel anticonvulsant with proven antinociceptive properties."	5.48	Antinociceptive and pronociceptive effect of levetiracetam in tonic pain model. ( Alfaro-Rodriguez, A; Bandala, C; Bonilla-Jaime, H; Carrillo-Mora, P; Cortes-Altamirano, JL; Olmos-Hernández, A; Reyes-Long, S, 2018)
"Depression was evaluated in all experimental groups using the tail suspension and sucrose preference test on days 1, 5, 10 and 15, 2 h after pentylenetetrazole challenge."	5.46	Adjuvant quercetin therapy for combined treatment of epilepsy and comorbid depression. ( Goel, RK; Kaur, T; Singh, T, 2017)
"Recently, the use of acute seizure tests in epileptic rats or mice has been proposed as a novel strategy for evaluating novel AEDs for increased antiseizure efficacy."	5.43	Evaluation of the pentylenetetrazole seizure threshold test in epileptic mice as surrogate model for drug testing against pharmacoresistant seizures. ( Löscher, W; Töllner, K; Twele, F, 2016)
"Levetiracetam treatment for 25 days, initiated 24 hours after induction of kainate-induced SE, significantly decreased the mean duration of spontaneous EEG seizures 58 days later."	5.36	Levetiracetam suppresses development of spontaneous EEG seizures and aberrant neurogenesis following kainate-induced status epilepticus. ( Kato, N; Kudo, K; Maru, E; Shibasaki, T; Sugaya, Y, 2010)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a structurally novel antiepileptic drug (AED) which has demonstrated a broad spectrum of anticonvulsant activities both in experimental and clinical studies."	5.34	Prophylactic treatment with levetiracetam after status epilepticus: lack of effect on epileptogenesis, neuronal damage, and behavioral alterations in rats. ( Bethmann, K; Brandt, C; Fedrowitz, M; Gastens, AM; Glien, M; Löscher, W; Potschka, H; Volk, HA, 2007)
"Treatment with levetiracetam also improved functional outcomes and reduced vasospasm following SAH."	5.33	Levetiracetam is neuroprotective in murine models of closed head injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage. ( Gao, J; Laskowitz, DT; Lassiter, TF; Lynch, JR; McDonagh, DL; Sheng, H; Wang, H; Warner, DS, 2006)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a new antiepileptic drug with a promising preclinical profile involving both anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic effects in kindling models."	5.31	Neuroprotective properties of the novel antiepileptic drug levetiracetam in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia. ( Hanon, E; Klitgaard, H, 2001)
" The use of AEDs as a possible neuroprotective strategy in brain ischemia is receiving increasing attention and the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam, a 2S-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidiny1) butanamide, belonging to the pyrrolidone family, could have a crucial role in regulation of epileptogenesis and neuroprotection."	4.87	Levetiracetam in brain ischemia: clinical implications in neuroprotection and prevention of post-stroke epilepsy. ( Belcastro, V; Pierguidi, L; Tambasco, N, 2011)
"Piracetam was a candidate neuroprotective drug for acute stroke ineffective in clinical trial."	4.84	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of piracetam and piracetam-like compounds in experimental stroke. ( Macleod, MR; Sena, ES; Wheble, PC, 2008)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) suppresses the upregulation of proinflammatory molecules that occurs during epileptogenesis after status epilepticus (SE)."	4.12	Regulation of Inflammation-Related Genes through ( Hashimoto, R; Ishihara, Y; Itoh, K; Komori, R; Kono, T; Kozawa, C; Kubo, S; Matsuo, T; Yokota-Nakatsuma, A, 2022)
" The present study has been designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of telmisartan and metformin on diazepam-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice."	4.02	Evaluation of nootropic activity of telmisartan and metformin on diazepam-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice through AMPK pathway and amelioration of hippocampal morphological alterations. ( Alfuraih, BS; Alsuhaibani, NA; Elsayed, AM; Mahmoud, RH; Nadwa, EH; Rashed, LA; Said, ES, 2021)
"Our previous study showed that treatment with levetiracetam (LEV) after status epilepticus (SE) termination by diazepam might prevent the development of spontaneous recurrent seizures via the inhibition of neurotoxicity induced by brain edema events."	3.83	Levetiracetam treatment influences blood-brain barrier failure associated with angiogenesis and inflammatory responses in the acute phase of epileptogenesis in post-status epilepticus mice. ( Chiba, Y; Dohgu, S; Ishihara, Y; Itoh, K; Kataoka, Y; Komori, R; Nochi, H; Takata-Tsuji, F; Taniguchi, R; Ueno, M, 2016)
"To investigate the antiepileptic and protective effects of intravenous levetiracetam (iv LEV) in the rhesus monkey model of acute status epilepticus (SE)."	3.81	Pretreatment with intravenous levetiracetam in the rhesus monkey Coriaria lactone-induced status epilepticus model. ( Chen, F; Chen, SH; Cheng, L; Hong, Z; Lei, S; Li, HX; Li, JM; Li, L; Yang, TH; Zhou, D, 2015)
"TO determine neuroprotective properties of levetiracetam and simvastatin using rats with pilocaroine-induced epilepsy."	3.81	[Protective effects of levetiracetam and simvastatin on pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in rat models]. ( Chen, T; Li, MQ; Liu, L; Zhang, WW, 2015)
" Diazepam produced a dose-dependent protection against 6-Hz seizures in control and pilocarpine mice, both at 2 weeks and 8 weeks after SE, but with a more pronounced increase in potency in post-SE animals at 2 weeks."	3.81	Status epilepticus induction has prolonged effects on the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs in the 6-Hz seizure model. ( Kaminski, RM; Leclercq, K, 2015)
" The treatment was given 1 and 5 min after exposure to a supralethal dose of nerve agents, and the results showed that the triple regimen successfully prevented or terminated seizures and preserved the lives of rats exposed to 5×LD50 of soman, sarin, cyclosarin, or VX, but solely 3×LD50 of tabun was managed by this regimen."	3.81	Supralethal poisoning by any of the classical nerve agents is effectively counteracted by procyclidine regimens in rats. ( Aas, P; Enger, S; Mariussen, E; Myhrer, T, 2015)
" These results suggest that ceftriaxone, particularly in combinations with ibuprofen, celecoxib, paracetamol, or levetiracetam, may provide useful approach to the clinical treatment of inflammation-related pain."	3.80	Antihyperalgesic/antinociceptive effects of ceftriaxone and its synergistic interactions with different analgesics in inflammatory pain in rodents. ( Boškovic, BD; Kovacevic, JM; Micov, AM; Stepanovic-Petrovic, RM; Tomic, MA, 2014)
" This study was designed to compare the effects of levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug, on memory deficits associated with normal aging and AD in mouse models."	3.79	Effects of levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug, on memory impairments associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease in mice. ( Devi, L; Ohno, M, 2013)
"Levetiracetam has been reported to be well tolerated and effective in status epilepticus (SE) refractory to benzodiazepine."	3.79	The effect of levetiracetam on status epilepticus-induced neuronal death in the rat hippocampus. ( Choi, HC; Kang, TC; Kim, JE; Kim, YI; Lee, DS; Ryu, HJ; Song, HK, 2013)
"Results from studies based on microinfusions into seizure controlling brain sites (area tempestas, medial septum, perirhinal cortex, posterior piriform cortex) have shown that procyclidine, muscimol, caramiphen, and NBQX, but not ketamine, exert anticonvulsant effects against soman-induced seizures."	3.77	Enhanced efficacy of anticonvulsants when combined with levetiracetam in soman-exposed rats. ( Aas, P; Enger, S; Jonassen, M; Myhrer, T, 2011)
" We previously showed that tolerance to levetiracetam (LEV) developed within 4 days after the start of the treatment in a rat model for spontaneous seizures after electrically induced status epilepticus."	3.76	Improved seizure control by alternating therapy of levetiracetam and valproate in epileptic rats. ( Edelbroek, PM; Gorter, JA; van Vliet, EA, 2010)
" Levetiracetam, 40 mg/kg, suppressed the development of kindling measured as severity of seizures and AD duration."	3.76	Levetiracetam attenuates hippocampal expression of synaptic plasticity-related immediate early and late response genes in amygdala-kindled rats. ( Christensen, KV; Egebjerg, J; Kallunki, P; Leffers, H; Sánchez, C; Watson, WP, 2010)
"Levetiracetam, a novel antiepileptic drug, has recently been shown to have antinociceptive effects in various animal models of pain."	3.76	The antihyperalgesic effect of levetiracetam in an inflammatory model of pain in rats: mechanism of action. ( Micov, A; Popović, B; Stepanović-Petrović, R; Tomić, M, 2010)
"To characterize the interactions between levetiracetam and the antiepileptic drugs gabapentin, tiagabine, and vigabatrin in suppressing pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice, type II isobolographic analysis was used."	3.75	Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction profiles of levetiracetam in combination with gabapentin, tiagabine and vigabatrin in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model: an isobolographic analysis. ( Andres-Mach, MM; Czuczwar, SJ; Dudra-Jastrzebska, M; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N; Sielski, M, 2009)
"This study was designed so as to characterize the interactions between levetiracetam (LEV) and the conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ETS), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA) in suppressing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures in mice by use of type II isobolographic analysis."	3.75	Isobolographic characterization of the anticonvulsant interaction profiles of levetiracetam in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model. ( Andres-Mach, MM; Czuczwar, SJ; Dudra-Jastrzebska, M; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2009)
"Levetiracetam, the alpha-ethyl analogue of the nootropic piracetam, is a widely used antiepileptic drug (AED) that provides protection against partial seizures and is also effective in the treatment of primary generalized seizure syndromes including juvenile myoclonic epilepsy."	3.74	Brivaracetam: a rational drug discovery success story. ( Rogawski, MA, 2008)
"To demonstrate the effect of piracetam on changes in brain tissue and serum nitric oxide levels in dogs submitted to hemorrhagic shock."	3.74	The effect of piracetam on brain damage and serum nitric oxide levels in dogs submitted to hemorrhagic shock. ( Akdur, O; Avşaroğullari, L; Durukan, P; Ikizceli, I; Küçük, C; Muhtaroğlu, S; Ozkan, S; Oztürk, F; Sözüer, EM, 2008)
" In the present study, we examined the effects of the two new, high affinity SV2A ligands, brivaracetam and seletracetam, in comparison to levetiracetam on the severity of dystonia in mutant hamsters."	3.74	Brivaracetam and seletracetam, two new SV2A ligands, improve paroxysmal dystonia in the dt sz mutant hamster. ( Hamann, M; Richter, A; Sander, SE, 2008)
"The effects of brivaracetam and levetiracetam on epileptiform activity and seizure expression were examined in rat hippocampal slices, corneally kindled mice, audiogenic seizure-susceptible mice, maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazol seizures in mice, hippocampal-kindled rats, amygdala-kindled rats and genetic absence epilepsy rats."	3.74	Anti-convulsive and anti-epileptic properties of brivaracetam (ucb 34714), a high-affinity ligand for the synaptic vesicle protein, SV2A. ( Kenda, B; Klitgaard, H; Margineanu, DG; Matagne, A; Michel, P, 2008)
"NEF inhibited electroshock-induced seizures at nontoxic doses, whereas it had no effect on seizures chemically induced by pentylenetetrazole, bicuculline, picrotoxin, strychnine, or N-methyl-D-aspartate."	3.73	Anticonvulsant properties of the novel nootropic agent nefiracetam in seizure models of mice and rats. ( Kitano, Y; Komiyama, C; Makino, M; Sakurada, S; Takasuna, K; Takazawa, A, 2005)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a new antiepileptic drug effective as adjunctive therapy for partial seizures."	3.73	Evaluation of levetiracetam effects on pilocarpine-induced seizures: cholinergic muscarinic system involvement. ( Aguiar, LM; Fonteles, MM; Freitas, RM; Nascimento, VS; Nogueira, CR; Oliveira, AA; Sousa, FC; Viana, GS, 2005)
"The long-lasting antiseizure effects of levetiracetam (LEV) have been observed in the spontaneously epileptic rat (SER) that expresses both tonic and absence-like seizures."	3.73	Separation of antiepileptogenic and antiseizure effects of levetiracetam in the spontaneously epileptic rat (SER). ( Ishihara, K; Ji-qun, C; Nagayama, T; Sasa, M; Serikawa, T; Yan, HD, 2005)
"Effects of NEF on fully amygdala-kindled seizures and development of amygdala-kindled seizures were investigated in rats and compared with those of levetiracetam (LEV), a pyrrolidone-type antiepileptic drug (AED)."	3.73	Effects of Nefiracetam, a novel pyrrolidone-type nootropic agent, on the amygdala-kindled seizures in rats. ( Kasai, Y; Kinoshita, M; Kitano, Y; Komiyama, C; Makino, M; Sakurada, S; Takasuna, K; Takazawa, A; Yamauchi, T; Yamazaki, O, 2005)
"To assess the anticonvulsant activity of the novel antiepileptic drug, levetiracetam (LEV) in a model of self-sustaining limbic status epilepticus, and to measure the consequence of LEV treatment on the pattern of mitochondrial dysfunction known to occur after status epilepticus (SE)."	3.73	Levetiracetam: antiepileptic properties and protective effects on mitochondrial dysfunction in experimental status epilepticus. ( Cock, HR; Gibbs, JE; Walker, MC, 2006)
"0 mg/kg) as well as increasing the threshold to electrically- and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures (TID(10)s 7."	3.73	In vivo characterisation of the small-conductance KCa (SK) channel activator 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (1-EBIO) as a potential anticonvulsant. ( Anderson, NJ; Slough, S; Watson, WP, 2006)
"The nootropic drug piracetam was investigated in various experimental models of epilepsy."	3.72	Effects of piracetam alone and in combination with antiepileptic drugs in rodent seizure models. ( De Sarro, G; Fischer, W; Kittner, H; Regenthal, R; Russo, E, 2004)
"The protective and adverse effect potentials of levetiracetam ((S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-pyrrolidine acetamide) in rodent models of seizures and epilepsy were compared with the profile of several currently prescribed and newly developed antiepileptic drugs."	3.70	Evidence for a unique profile of levetiracetam in rodent models of seizures and epilepsy. ( Gobert, J; Klitgaard, H; Matagne, A; Wülfert, E, 1998)
"The protective efficacy of pentoxiphylline, piracetam, and dihydroergotoxine against abrupt hypoxia was tested in a model of acute reversible respiratory failure, where repeated apnoeic attacks were induced by inhalation in repeated hypoxic exposures was reduced in control as well as in dihydroergotoxine-treated animals, it was increased after pentoxiphylline, and was not changed after piracetam."	3.67	Anti-hypoxic potency of cerebroprotective drugs studied in a model of acute reversible respiratory failure. ( Nistiarová, A; Tkácová, R; Tomori, Z, 1989)
"Current treatment of human status epilepticus (SE) relies on drugs developed for chronic treatment of epilepsy."	2.76	Canine status epilepticus: a translational platform for human therapeutic trials. ( Cloyd, JC; Coles, LD; Craft, EM; Leppik, IE; Patterson, EN, 2011)
"Levetiracetam (Keppra) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) characterized by a novel mechanism of action, unique profile of activity in seizure models, and broad-spectrum clinical efficacy."	2.45	Benefit of combination therapy in epilepsy: a review of the preclinical evidence with levetiracetam. ( Kaminski, RM; Klitgaard, H; Matagne, A; Patsalos, PN, 2009)
"Epilepsy is a hetergenous syndrome characterized by recurrently and repeatedly occurring seizures."	2.43	A new frontier in epilepsy: novel antiepileptogenic drugs. ( Sasa, M, 2006)
"Epilepsy is a neurological disorder consisting of recurrent seizures, resulting from excessive, uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain."	2.43	Neuromodulation with levetiracetam and vagus nerve stimulation in experimental animal models of epilepsy. ( Boon, P; De Herdt, V; De Smedt, T; Dedeurwaerdere, S; Delbeke, J; Legros, B; Raedt, R; Van Hese, P; Van Laere, K; Vonck, K; Wadman, W; Waterschoot, L; Wyckhuys, T, 2006)
" We investigated the effect of piracetam and clonazepam, an anti-epileptic drug, on high dosage urea-induced myoclonus using an electromyogram in rats."	2.41	[A pharmacological profile of piracetam (Myocalm), a drug for myoclonus]. ( Nanri, M; Tajima, K, 2000)
"Levetiracetam is a new antiepileptic drug (AED) devoid of anticonvulsant activity in the two classic screening models for AEDs, the maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazol seizure tests in both mice and rats."	2.41	Levetiracetam: the preclinical profile of a new class of antiepileptic drugs? ( Klitgaard, H, 2001)
" The pharmacokinetic profiles of R-PhP in mouse plasma and its bioavailability in brain tissue were assessed."	1.56	Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity of DAT inhibitor R-phenylpiracetam in experimental models of inflammation in male mice. ( Dambrova, M; Grinberga, S; Stelfa, G; Svalbe, B; Vavers, E; Videja, M; Zvejniece, B; Zvejniece, L, 2020)
"Risperidone and piracetam were found to be effective alone, while their high dose combination, produced potentiating effect in reversing the extinction deficit, behavioral alterations, altered cortical and hippocampal BDNF, IL-6, TNF-α, caspase-3, oxidative stress markers, and neurotransmitter levels."	1.51	Co-treatment of piracetam with risperidone rescued extinction deficits in experimental paradigms of post-traumatic stress disorder by restoring the physiological alterations in cortex and hippocampus. ( Akhtar, A; Bansal, Y; Kuhad, A; Sah, SP; Singh, R; Uniyal, A, 2019)
"The present investigation was carried out to improve the galantamine bioavailability in brain by intranasal drug delivery through thiolated chitosan nanoparticles and compared to nasal and oral delivery of its solution using pharmacodynamic activity as well as biochemical estimation."	1.51	Nose to Brain Delivery of Galantamine Loaded Nanoparticles: In-vivo Pharmacodynamic and Biochemical Study in Mice. ( Mishra, DN; Singh, SK, 2019)
"Treatment with levetiracetam dose-dependently improved memory performance of the ketamine-exposed rats."	1.48	Treatment with levetiracetam improves cognition in a ketamine rat model of schizophrenia. ( Gallagher, M; Koh, MT; Rosenzweig-Lipson, S; Shao, Y, 2018)
"Piracetam was investigated up to phase III of clinical trials and there is lack of data on brain penetration in cerebral ischemic condition."	1.48	Pharmacokinetic Study of Piracetam in Focal Cerebral Ischemic Rats. ( Dash, D; Krishnamurthy, S; Paliwal, P, 2018)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a novel anticonvulsant with proven antinociceptive properties."	1.48	Antinociceptive and pronociceptive effect of levetiracetam in tonic pain model. ( Alfaro-Rodriguez, A; Bandala, C; Bonilla-Jaime, H; Carrillo-Mora, P; Cortes-Altamirano, JL; Olmos-Hernández, A; Reyes-Long, S, 2018)
"Piracetam treatment offered significant protection against LPS induced oxidative and inflammatory parameters and inhibited astrocytes activation."	1.48	New therapeutic activity of metabolic enhancer piracetam in treatment of neurodegenerative disease: Participation of caspase independent death factors, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis. ( Biswas, J; Chaturvedi, S; Gupta, P; Gupta, S; Joshi, N; Singh, A; Singh, S; Sivarama Raju, K; Tiwari, S; Verma, DK; Wahajuddin, M, 2018)
"Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE) is an idiopathic partial epilepsy with a family history in about 25% of cases, with autosomal dominant inheritance (autosomal dominant NFLE [ADNFLE])."	1.46	Rationale for an adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. ( Aroni, S; Marrosu, F; Melis, M; Milioli, G; Muntoni, AL; Parrino, L; Pillolla, G; Pistis, M; Puligheddu, M; Sagheddu, C; Terzano, GM, 2017)
"Perinatal arterial stroke is the most frequent form of cerebral infarction in children."	1.46	Different response to antiepileptic drugs according to the type of epileptic events in a neonatal ischemia-reperfusion model. ( Auvin, S; Baud, O; Bonnin, P; Charriaut-Marlangue, C; Dupuis, N; Enderlin, J; Leger, PL; Morin, L; Perrotte, G, 2017)
"Depression was evaluated in all experimental groups using the tail suspension and sucrose preference test on days 1, 5, 10 and 15, 2 h after pentylenetetrazole challenge."	1.46	Adjuvant quercetin therapy for combined treatment of epilepsy and comorbid depression. ( Goel, RK; Kaur, T; Singh, T, 2017)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is an antiepileptic agent targeting novel pathways."	1.43	Levetiracetam Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury: Operation Brain Trauma Therapy. ( Bramlett, HM; Browning, M; Dietrich, WD; Dixon, CE; Hayes, RL; Kochanek, PM; Mondello, S; Poloyac, SM; Povlishock, JT; Schmid, KE; Shear, DA; Tortella, FC; Wang, KK, 2016)
" LEV3D treatment failed to improve cognitive or motor performance; however extending the dosing regimen through 10 days post-injury afforded significant neuroprotective benefit."	1.43	Neuroprotection and anti-seizure effects of levetiracetam in a rat model of penetrating ballistic-like brain injury. ( Caudle, KL; Lu, XC; Mountney, A; Shear, DA; Tortella, FC, 2016)
"Recently, the use of acute seizure tests in epileptic rats or mice has been proposed as a novel strategy for evaluating novel AEDs for increased antiseizure efficacy."	1.43	Evaluation of the pentylenetetrazole seizure threshold test in epileptic mice as surrogate model for drug testing against pharmacoresistant seizures. ( Löscher, W; Töllner, K; Twele, F, 2016)
"Seizures were induced at two weeks after FPI by KA in another group (FPI-LS)."	1.43	Levetiracetam prophylaxis ameliorates seizure epileptogenesis after fluid percussion injury. ( Chen, YH; Chiang, YH; Chou, YC; Hoffer, BJ; Huang, EY; Kuo, TT; Ma, HI; Tsai, JJ; Wu, PJ, 2016)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a novel anti-epileptic drug (AED) used to treat partial seizures and idiopathic generalized epilepsy."	1.43	Chronic treatment with levetiracetam reverses deficits in hippocampal LTP in vivo in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy rats. ( Ge, YX; Lin, YY; Liu, XY; Tian, XZ, 2016)
"Pre-clinical trial of abbreviated LEV dosing in an experimental model of TBI Methods: After either controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury or sham surgery, rats received three 50 mg kg(-1) doses over 24 hours or vehicle."	1.42	Abbreviated levetiracetam treatment effects on behavioural and histological outcomes after experimental TBI. ( Fowler, L; Hurwitz, M; Wagner, AK; Zou, H, 2015)
"In a first step, we examined anti-seizure effects of 6 AEDs on spontaneous recurrent focal electrographic seizures and secondarily generalized convulsive seizures in epileptic mice, showing that the focal nonconvulsive seizures were resistant to carbamazepine and phenytoin, whereas valproate and levetiracetam exerted moderate and phenobarbital and diazepam marked anti-seizure effects."	1.42	Inter-individual variation in the effect of antiepileptic drugs in the intrahippocampal kainate model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in mice. ( Bankstahl, M; Klein, S; Löscher, W, 2015)
" Dose-response curves for phenytoin and levetiracetam were generated in the three strains at 32 and 44 mA current intensities using both devices."	1.42	Genetic background of mice strongly influences treatment resistance in the 6 Hz seizure model. ( Kaminski, RM; Leclercq, K, 2015)
"Only 29% of LEV-treated animals had seizures compared to all controls following a latent period that was similar in duration."	1.42	The anti-ictogenic effects of levetiracetam are mirrored by interictal spiking and high-frequency oscillation changes in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. ( Avoli, M; Behr, C; Lévesque, M, 2015)
"Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug with analgesic efficacy shown in pain models and small clinical trials."	1.42	The effects of levetiracetam, sumatriptan, and caffeine in a rat model of trigeminal pain: interactions in 2-component combinations. ( Micov, AM; Pecikoza, UB; Popović, BV; Stepanović-Petrović, RM; Tomić, MA, 2015)
"Treatment-resistant seizures affect about a third of patients suffering from epilepsy."	1.42	Cross-species pharmacological characterization of the allylglycine seizure model in mice and larval zebrafish. ( Afrikanova, T; Buenafe, OE; Crawford, AD; De Prins, A; de Witte, PA; Esguerra, CV; Kaminski, RM; Langlois, M; Leclercq, K; Rospo, CC; Smolders, I; Van Eeckhaut, A, 2015)
"Seizures were induced by single application of a current intensity of 49 mA to i."	1.42	Validation of the 6 Hz refractory seizure mouse model for intracerebroventricularly administered compounds. ( Bentea, E; Coppens, J; Maes, K; Massie, A; Smolders, I; Van Eeckhaut, A; Van Liefferinge, J; Walrave, L, 2015)
"In four of ten rats, seizure frequency was unaltered by LEV (non-responders)."	1.42	Blockade of endothelin B receptor improves the efficacy of levetiracetam in chronic epileptic rats. ( Kang, TC; Ko, AR, 2015)
"Limbic (psychomotor) seizure activity was evoked in albino Swiss mice by a current (32mA, 6Hz, 3s stimulus duration) delivered via ocular electrodes; type II isobolographic analysis was used to characterize the consequent anticonvulsant interactions between the various drug combinations for fixed-ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10."	1.40	Interactions of levetiracetam with carbamazepine, phenytoin, topiramate and vigabatrin in the mouse 6Hz psychomotor seizure model - a type II isobolographic analysis. ( Florek-Luszczki, M; Luszczki, JJ; Wlaz, A, 2014)
"In these conditions, non-convulsive seizures (NCSs) propagate from the core of the focal lesion into perilesional tissue, enlarging the damaged area and promoting epileptogenesis."	1.39	The antiepileptic drug levetiracetam suppresses non-convulsive seizure activity and reduces ischemic brain damage in rats subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. ( Cataldi, M; Cuomo, O; di Renzo, G; Leo, A; Politi, GB; Rispoli, V; Vinciguerra, A, 2013)
"Tonic hind limb extension (seizure activity) was evoked in adult male albino Swiss mice by a current (sine-wave, 25 mA, 500 V, 50 Hz, 0."	1.38	Interactions of pregabalin with gabapentin, levetiracetam, tiagabine and vigabatrin in the mouse maximal electroshock-induced seizure model: a type II isobolographic analysis. ( Filip, D; Florek-Luszczki, M; Luszczki, JJ, 2012)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is an established anticonvulsant with numerous mechanisms of action."	1.38	Anti-inflammatory effects of levetiracetam in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. ( Ellrichmann, G; Faustmann, PM; Gold, R; Haghikia, A; Thöne, J, 2012)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a unique antiepileptic drug that preferentially interacts with synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A)."	1.36	Antiepileptogenic and anticonvulsive actions of levetiracetam in a pentylenetetrazole kindling model. ( Ishihara, S; Ohno, Y; Sasa, M; Serikawa, T; Terada, R, 2010)
"Levetiracetam treatment for 25 days, initiated 24 hours after induction of kainate-induced SE, significantly decreased the mean duration of spontaneous EEG seizures 58 days later."	1.36	Levetiracetam suppresses development of spontaneous EEG seizures and aberrant neurogenesis following kainate-induced status epilepticus. ( Kato, N; Kudo, K; Maru, E; Shibasaki, T; Sugaya, Y, 2010)
"Levetiracetam was given alone or in combination with 7-nitroindazole, a preferential inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, or with L: -arginine, the precursor of nitric oxide synthesis."	1.35	In the rat maximal dentate activation model of partial complex epilepsy, the anticonvulsant activity of levetiracetam is modulated by nitric oxide-active drugs. ( Carletti, F; D'Agostino, S; Ferraro, G; Lonobile, G; Rizzo, V; Sardo, P, 2009)
" Limbic (psychomotor) seizure activity was evoked in albino Swiss mice by a current (32 mA, 6 Hz, 3s stimulus duration) delivered via ocular electrodes and isobolographic analysis for parallel and non-parallel dose-response effects was used to characterize the consequent anticonvulsant interactions between the various drug combinations."	1.35	Isobolographic characterization of interactions of levetiracetam with the various antiepileptic drugs in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model. ( Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Wlaz, A; Wojda, E, 2009)
" LEV and FBM brain concentrations were measured by HPLC in order to determine any pharmacokinetic contribution to the observed antiseizure effect."	1.34	Levetiracetam and felbamate interact both pharmacodynamically and pharmacokinetically: an isobolographic analysis in the mouse maximal electroshock model. ( Andres-Mach, MM; Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2007)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a structurally novel antiepileptic drug (AED) which has demonstrated a broad spectrum of anticonvulsant activities both in experimental and clinical studies."	1.34	Prophylactic treatment with levetiracetam after status epilepticus: lack of effect on epileptogenesis, neuronal damage, and behavioral alterations in rats. ( Bethmann, K; Brandt, C; Fedrowitz, M; Gastens, AM; Glien, M; Löscher, W; Potschka, H; Volk, HA, 2007)
"The anti-seizure activity of both compounds occurred 30 min following intraperitoneal (i."	1.34	Brivaracetam is superior to levetiracetam in a rat model of post-hypoxic myoclonus. ( Tai, KK; Truong, DD, 2007)
" Brain AED concentrations were determined to ascertain any pharmacokinetic contribution to the observed antiseizure effect."	1.33	Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characterization of interactions between levetiracetam and numerous antiepileptic drugs in the mouse maximal electroshock seizure model: an isobolographic analysis. ( Andres, MM; Cioczek-Czuczwar, A; Czuczwar, P; Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2006)
"Treatment with levetiracetam also improved functional outcomes and reduced vasospasm following SAH."	1.33	Levetiracetam is neuroprotective in murine models of closed head injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage. ( Gao, J; Laskowitz, DT; Lassiter, TF; Lynch, JR; McDonagh, DL; Sheng, H; Wang, H; Warner, DS, 2006)
"The incidence of induced myoclonus decreased significantly by intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg piracetam and oral administration of 0."	1.31	[Effect of piracetam on urea-induced myoclonus in rats]. ( Matsuura, N; Nanri, M; Yamamoto, A, 2000)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is an interesting novel antiepileptic drug with proven efficacy in both animal models and patients with partial epilepsy."	1.31	Development of tolerance during chronic treatment of kindled rats with the novel antiepileptic drug levetiracetam. ( Hönack, D; Löscher, W, 2000)
"Aniracetam was administered to 1-month-old rats, demonstrating a prolonged (2 months) therapeutic effect, observed in rats aged 3 months."	1.31	Can nootropic drugs be effective against the impact of ethanol teratogenicity on cognitive performance? ( Vaglenova, J; Vesselinov Petkov, V, 2001)
"Levetiracetam (LEV) is a new antiepileptic drug with a promising preclinical profile involving both anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic effects in kindling models."	1.31	Neuroprotective properties of the novel antiepileptic drug levetiracetam in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia. ( Hanon, E; Klitgaard, H, 2001)

Research

Studies (152)

Authors

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Functional Connectivity Strengths of Neural Networks

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	3 (1.97)	18.7374
1990's	7 (4.61)	18.2507
2000's	59 (38.82)	29.6817
2010's	79 (51.97)	24.3611
2020's	4 (2.63)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Martini, E	1
Salvicchi, A	1
Ghelardini, C	1
Manetti, D	1
Dei, S	1
Guandalini, L	1
Martelli, C	1
Melchiorre, M	1
Cellai, C	1
Scapecchi, S	1
Teodori, E	1
Romanelli, MN	1
Gurjar, AS	1
Darekar, MN	1
Yeong, KY	1
Ooi, L	1
Solinski, HJ	1
Dranchak, P	1
Oliphant, E	1
Gu, X	1
Earnest, TW	1
Braisted, J	1
Inglese, J	1
Hoon, MA	1
Abrams, RPM	1
Yasgar, A	1
Teramoto, T	1
Lee, MH	1
Dorjsuren, D	1
Eastman, RT	1
Malik, N	1
Zakharov, AV	1
Li, W	1
Bachani, M	1
Brimacombe, K	1
Steiner, JP	1
Hall, MD	1
Balasubramanian, A	1
Jadhav, A	1
Padmanabhan, R	1
Simeonov, A	1
Nath, A	1
Said, ES	1
Elsayed, AM	1
Rashed, LA	1
Nadwa, EH	1
Alsuhaibani, NA	1
Alfuraih, BS	1
Mahmoud, RH	1
Komori, R	2
Matsuo, T	1
Yokota-Nakatsuma, A	1
Hashimoto, R	1
Kubo, S	1
Kozawa, C	1
Kono, T	1
Ishihara, Y	3
Itoh, K	3
Uniyal, A	1
Singh, R	1
Akhtar, A	1
Bansal, Y	1
Kuhad, A	1
Sah, SP	1
Zvejniece, L	2
Zvejniece, B	1
Videja, M	1
Stelfa, G	1
Vavers, E	2
Grinberga, S	1
Svalbe, B	2
Dambrova, M	2
Stepanović-Petrović, R	2
Micov, A	2
Tomić, M	2
Pecikoza, U	1
Wang, P	1
Sun, H	1
Liu, D	1
Jiao, Z	1
Yue, S	1
He, X	1
Xia, W	1
Ji, J	1
Xiang, L	1
Havolli, E	1
Hill, MD	1
Godley, A	1
Goetghebeur, PJ	1
Koh, MT	3
Shao, Y	1
Rosenzweig-Lipson, S	1
Gallagher, M	3
Puligheddu, M	1
Melis, M	1
Pillolla, G	1
Milioli, G	1
Parrino, L	1
Terzano, GM	1
Aroni, S	1
Sagheddu, C	1
Marrosu, F	1
Pistis, M	1
Muntoni, AL	1
Luszczki, JJ	8
Patrzylas, P	1
Zagaja, M	1
Andres-Mach, M	1
Zaluska, K	1
Kondrat-Wrobel, MW	1
Szpringer, M	1
Chmielewski, J	1
Florek-Luszczki, M	3
Paliwal, P	1
Dash, D	1
Krishnamurthy, S	1
Cortes-Altamirano, JL	1
Reyes-Long, S	1
Olmos-Hernández, A	1
Bonilla-Jaime, H	1
Carrillo-Mora, P	1
Bandala, C	1
Alfaro-Rodriguez, A	1
Verma, DK	1
Gupta, S	1
Biswas, J	1
Joshi, N	1
Singh, A	1
Gupta, P	1
Tiwari, S	1
Sivarama Raju, K	1
Chaturvedi, S	1
Wahajuddin, M	1
Singh, S	1
Singh, SK	1
Mishra, DN	1
Devi, L	1
Ohno, M	1
Lee, DS	1
Ryu, HJ	1
Kim, JE	1
Choi, HC	1
Kim, YI	1
Song, HK	1
Kang, TC	2
Tiurenkov, IN	2
Samotrueva, MA	1
Priluchnyĭ, SV	1
Barrera-Bailón, B	1
Oliveira, JA	1
López, DE	1
Muñoz, LJ	1
Garcia-Cairasco, N	1
Sancho, C	1
Akhapkina, VI	1
Akhapkin, RV	1
Stepanovic-Petrovic, RM	2
Micov, AM	2
Tomic, MA	2
Kovacevic, JM	1
Boškovic, BD	1
Wlaz, A	2
Cuomo, O	1
Rispoli, V	1
Leo, A	1
Politi, GB	1
Vinciguerra, A	1
di Renzo, G	1
Cataldi, M	1
Lee, SH	1
Kang, JW	1
Lin, T	1
Lee, JE	1
Jin, DI	1
Vilskersts, R	1
Domracheva, I	1
Vorona, M	1
Veinberg, G	1
Misane, I	1
Stonans, I	1
Kalvinsh, I	1
Yılmaz, T	1
Akça, M	1
Turan, Y	1
Ocak, H	1
Kamaşak, K	1
Yildirim, M	1
Griesmaier, E	1
Stock, K	1
Medek, K	1
Stanika, RI	1
Obermair, GJ	1
Posod, A	1
Wegleiter, K	1
Urbanek, M	1
Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U	1
Nieoczym, D	1
Socała, K	1
Raszewski, G	2
Wlaź, P	1
Arık, AE	1
Bağırıcı, F	1
Sefil, F	1
Marangoz, C	1
Zou, H	1
Hurwitz, M	1
Fowler, L	1
Wagner, AK	1
Lukawski, K	1
Czuczwar, SJ	5
Klein, S	1
Bankstahl, M	1
Löscher, W	4
Leclercq, K	5
Kaminski, RM	5
Cheng, L	1
Lei, S	1
Chen, SH	1
Hong, Z	1
Yang, TH	1
Li, L	1
Chen, F	1
Li, HX	1
Zhou, D	1
Li, JM	1
Lévesque, M	1
Behr, C	1
Avoli, M	2
Pecikoza, UB	1
Popović, BV	1
Tabuchi, M	1
Lone, SR	1
Liu, S	1
Liu, Q	1
Zhang, J	2
Spira, AP	1
Wu, MN	1
Inamine, M	1
Oshima, W	1
Kotani, M	1
Chiba, Y	2
Ueno, M	2
Afrikanova, T	1
Langlois, M	1
De Prins, A	1
Buenafe, OE	1
Rospo, CC	1
Van Eeckhaut, A	2
de Witte, PA	1
Crawford, AD	1
Smolders, I	2
Esguerra, CV	1
Li, MQ	1
Zhang, WW	1
Chen, T	1
Liu, L	1
Walrave, L	1
Maes, K	1
Coppens, J	1
Bentea, E	1
Massie, A	1
Van Liefferinge, J	1
Myhrer, T	2
Mariussen, E	1
Enger, S	2
Aas, P	2
Ko, AR	1
Tuglu, D	1
Yuvanc, E	1
Ozan, T	1
Bal, F	1
Yilmaz, E	1
Atasoy, P	1
Kisa, U	1
Batislam, E	1
Browning, M	1
Shear, DA	2
Bramlett, HM	1
Dixon, CE	1
Mondello, S	1
Schmid, KE	1
Poloyac, SM	1
Dietrich, WD	1
Hayes, RL	1
Wang, KK	1
Povlishock, JT	1
Tortella, FC	2
Kochanek, PM	1
Erbaş, O	1
Oltulu, F	1
Yılmaz, M	1
Yavaşoğlu, A	1
Taşkıran, D	1
Caudle, KL	1
Lu, XC	1
Mountney, A	1
Töllner, K	1
Twele, F	1
Chen, YH	1
Huang, EY	1
Kuo, TT	1
Hoffer, BJ	1
Wu, PJ	1
Ma, HI	1
Tsai, JJ	1
Chou, YC	1
Chiang, YH	1
Ge, YX	1
Tian, XZ	1
Lin, YY	1
Liu, XY	1
Yasnetsov, VV	2
Tsublova, EG	1
Skachilova, SY	1
Karsanova, SK	1
Ivanov, YV	1
Nochi, H	1
Taniguchi, R	1
Takata-Tsuji, F	1
Dohgu, S	1
Kataoka, Y	1
Morin, L	1
Enderlin, J	1
Leger, PL	1
Perrotte, G	1
Bonnin, P	1
Dupuis, N	1
Baud, O	1
Charriaut-Marlangue, C	1
Auvin, S	1
Singh, T	1
Kaur, T	1
Goel, RK	1
Haberman, RP	2
Celik, Y	1
Resitoglu, B	1
Komur, M	1
Polat, A	1
Arslankoylu, AE	1
Okuyaz, C	1
Erdogan, S	1
Beydagi, H	1
Matveeva, EA	1
Vanaman, TC	1
Whiteheart, SW	1
Slevin, JT	1
Rogawski, MA	1
Matagne, A	6
Patsalos, PN	6
Klitgaard, H	10
van Vliet, EA	3
Aronica, E	1
Redeker, S	1
Boer, K	1
Gorter, JA	3
Ozkan, S	1
Ikizceli, I	1
Sözüer, EM	1
Avşaroğullari, L	1
Oztürk, F	1
Muhtaroğlu, S	1
Akdur, O	1
Küçük, C	1
Durukan, P	1
Hamann, M	1
Sander, SE	1
Richter, A	1
Nahata, A	1
Patil, UK	1
Dixit, VK	1
Sliva, J	1
Dolezal, T	1
Prochazkova, M	1
Votava, M	1
Krsiak, M	1
Dudra-Jastrzebska, M	2
Andres-Mach, MM	3
Sielski, M	1
Ratnaraj, N	4
Gillard, M	1
Hanon, E	2
Lorent, G	1
Dassesse, D	1
Sardo, P	1
D'Agostino, S	1
Rizzo, V	1
Carletti, F	1
Lonobile, G	1
Ferraro, G	1
Wojda, E	1
Edelbroek, PM	2
Ishimaru, Y	1
Chiba, S	1
Serikawa, T	6
Sasa, M	6
Inaba, H	1
Tamura, Y	1
Ishimoto, T	1
Takasaki, H	1
Sakamoto, K	1
Yamaguchi, K	1
Russo, E	2
Citraro, R	1
Scicchitano, F	1
De Fazio, S	1
Di Paola, ED	1
Constanti, A	1
De Sarro, G	2
Foti, S	1
McCown, TJ	1
Frycia, A	1
Starck, JP	1
Jadot, S	1
Lallemand, B	1
Lo Brutto, P	1
Verbois, V	1
Mercier, J	1
Kenda, B	2
Christensen, KV	1
Leffers, H	1
Watson, WP	2
Sánchez, C	1
Kallunki, P	1
Egebjerg, J	1
Ohno, Y	3
Ishihara, S	1
Terada, R	1
Kalkan, E	1
Keskin, F	1
Kaya, B	1
Esen, H	1
Tosun, M	1
Kalkan, SS	1
Erdi, F	1
Unlü, A	1
Avunduk, MC	1
Cicek, O	1
Sugaya, Y	1
Maru, E	1
Kudo, K	1
Shibasaki, T	1
Kato, N	1
Belcastro, V	1
Pierguidi, L	1
Tambasco, N	1
Popović, B	1
Boido, D	1
Farisello, P	1
Cesca, F	1
Ferrea, E	1
Valtorta, F	1
Benfenati, F	1
Baldelli, P	1
Tokuda, S	1
Sofue, N	1
Ahishali, B	1
Kaya, M	1
Orhan, N	1
Arican, N	1
Ekizoglu, O	1
Elmas, I	1
Kucuk, M	1
Kemikler, G	1
Kalayci, R	1
Gurses, C	1
Zalewska-Kaszubska, J	1
Bajer, B	1
Czarnecka, E	1
Dyr, W	1
Gorska, D	1
Ishii, Y	1
Tanaka, T	1
Jonassen, M	1
Yoshino, A	1
Filip, D	1
Leppik, IE	1
Patterson, EN	1
Coles, LD	1
Craft, EM	1
Cloyd, JC	1
Baulac, S	1
Ishida, S	1
Mashimo, T	1
Boillot, M	1
Fumoto, N	1
Kuwamura, M	1
Takizawa, A	1
Aoto, T	1
Ueda, M	1
Ikeda, A	1
LeGuern, E	1
Takahashi, R	1
Thöne, J	1
Ellrichmann, G	1
Faustmann, PM	1
Gold, R	1
Haghikia, A	1
Nau, JY	1
Halliday, AJ	1
Campbell, TE	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Network-Level Mechanisms for Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Development[NCT03461861]	Phase 2	26 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-11	Completed
Bridging Cognitive Aging in Rodents to Man Using fMRI in Amnestic MCI[NCT01044758]	Phase 2	96 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Completed
Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial of Levetiracetam on Ethanol Intake[NCT01168687]		46 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-11-30	Completed
Effectiveness of Combined Levetiracetam and Midazolam in Treatment of Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Children[NCT04926844]	Phase 2	144 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-06-20	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

The seed-based functional connectivity strengths of the hippocampus network and the default mode network will be employed to measure the changes between AGB101 and Placebo perturbation. The functional connectivity strengths will be measured with the median of the Pearson cross-correlation coefficients over entire brain regions. (NCT03461861)
Timeframe: 2 weeks after treatment between AGB101 and Placebo

Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Delayed Recall Scaled Integer. The Higher is the Better

Intervention	Pearson coefficient (Median)
AGB101 220 mg	0.233
Placebo	0.318

Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), delayed recall Scaled integer will be employed to measure the episodic memory changes before and after AGB101 treatment. The AVLT score will be recorded as a standard score. The theoretical range: min 50, max 155, the higher the better. The higher the number is, the better the memory. It is an integer number. (NCT03461861)
Timeframe: Placebo vs AGB101 2 weeks after treatment paired t-test

Behavioral Performance as Assessed in the Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Memory Task

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
AGB101 220 mg	108
Placebo	105

Mnemonic similarity task which assesses long term memory function. Scale ranges from 0-100 with higher scores indicating better memory performance. (NCT01044758)
Timeframe: 2 weeks

Brain Activity in the Dentate Gyrus / CA3 Subregion of the Hippocampus Measured With Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) Functional MRI

Intervention	percent correct recalled (Mean)
aMCI_62.5	38
aMCI_62.5 Placebo	33
aMCI_125	33
aMCI_125 Placebo	28
aMCI_250	34
aMCI_250 Placebo	31
Age Matched Control	44

Measurement of average brain activity in the dentate gyrus / CA3 subregion of the hippocampus measured with BOLD functional MRI in patients with mild cognitive impairment on placebo and on drug compared to average brain activity in this brain area in control subjects. (NCT01044758)
Timeframe: 2 weeks

Standard Alcoholic Drinks Per Treatment Period

Intervention	mean beta coefficient (Mean)
aMCI_62.5	-0.1203
aMCI_62.5 Placebo	0.4353
aMCI_125	-0.2238
aMCI_125 Placebo	0.8814
aMCI_250	0.3928
aMCI_250 Placebo	0.4825
Age Matched Control	-.02507

The primary outcome of this study is to determine the effect of levetiracetam on alcohol consumption as measured by change in # of drinks during each treatment period. (NCT01168687)
Timeframe: During each 14 day treatment period

Intervention	number of drinks per treatment period (Mean)
All Subjects (n = 46) Placebo	41.2
All Subjects (n = 46) Levetiracetam	45.4

Article	Year
Benefit of combination therapy in epilepsy: a review of the preclinical evidence with levetiracetam. Epilepsia, 2009, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Interact	2009
Levetiracetam in brain ischemia: clinical implications in neuroprotection and prevention of post-stroke epilepsy. Brain & development, 2011, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Ischemia; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy	2011
[Pharmacology and clinical results of levetiracetam (E Keppra(®) Tablets), a new antiepileptic drug]. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2011, Volume: 137, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Disease; Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; C	2011
[Rational combinations of antiepileptic drugs for refractory epilepsy]. Nihon shinkei seishin yakurigaku zasshi = Japanese journal of psychopharmacology, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Carbamazepine; Cl	2011
[Characteristics and indications of levetiracetam]. Revista de neurologia, 2002, Volume: 35 Suppl 1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Humans	2002
Antiepileptogenesis, neuroprotection, and disease modification in the treatment of epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam. Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape, 2003, Volume: 5 Suppl 1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Humans; Kindling, Neurologic; Levetirace	2003
A new frontier in epilepsy: novel antiepileptogenic drugs. Journal of pharmacological sciences, 2006, Volume: 100, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Levetiracetam; Models, Biological; Pirac	2006
Neuromodulation with levetiracetam and vagus nerve stimulation in experimental animal models of epilepsy. Acta neurologica Belgica, 2006, Volume: 106, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Epilepsy; Humans; Levetiracetam; Neur	2006
[A new aspect in the research on antiepileptic drugs]. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2007, Volume: 129, Issue:2 Topics: Acetamides; Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Carbamates; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Aci	2007
Levetiracetam: the profile of a novel anticonvulsant drug-part I: preclinical data. CNS drug reviews, 2007,Spring, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Epilepsy; Humans; Le	2007
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of piracetam and piracetam-like compounds in experimental stroke. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Neuroprotective Agents; Piracetam; Stroke	2008
[A pharmacological profile of piracetam (Myocalm), a drug for myoclonus]. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2000, Volume: 116, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dr	2000
Levetiracetam: the preclinical profile of a new class of antiepileptic drugs? Epilepsia, 2001, Volume: 42 Suppl 4 Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug E	2001

Article	Year
Design, synthesis and nootropic activity of new analogues of sunifiram and sapunifiram, two potent cognition-enhancers. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2009, Nov-01, Volume: 17, Issue:21 Topics: Animals; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Design; Mice; Nootropic Agents; Piperazines; Sulfon	2009
In silico studies, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation to explore multi-targeted approach for imidazole analogues as potential cholinesterase inhibitors with neuroprotective role for Alzheimer's disease. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2018, 05-01, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cholinesterase Inhibitors;	2018
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice. Science translational medicine, 2019, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell-Free System; Dermatitis, Contact; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, S	2019
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49 Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Artificial Intelligence; Chlorocebus aethiops; Disease Models, Animal; Dr	2020
Evaluation of nootropic activity of telmisartan and metformin on diazepam-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice through AMPK pathway and amelioration of hippocampal morphological alterations. European journal of pharmacology, 2021, Dec-05, Volume: 912 Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caspase 3; Cell Death; Cognitive Dysfuncti	2021
Regulation of Inflammation-Related Genes through International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, Jul-09, Volume: 23, Issue:14 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Inflammation; Levetiracetam; Mice; Piloc	2022
Co-treatment of piracetam with risperidone rescued extinction deficits in experimental paradigms of post-traumatic stress disorder by restoring the physiological alterations in cortex and hippocampus. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2019, Volume: 185 Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synerg	2019
Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity of DAT inhibitor R-phenylpiracetam in experimental models of inflammation in male mice. Inflammopharmacology, 2020, Volume: 28, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biological Availability; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine	2020
Levetiracetam synergizes with gabapentin, pregabalin, duloxetine and selected antioxidants in a mouse diabetic painful neuropathy model. Psychopharmacology, 2017, Volume: 234, Issue:11 Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antioxidants; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Diabetes Me	2017
Protective effect of a phenolic extract containing indoline amides from Portulaca oleracea against cognitive impairment in senescent mice induced by large dose of D-galactose /NaNO Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2017, May-05, Volume: 203 Topics: Aging; Amides; Animals; Antioxidants; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Galactose; Indo	2017
Spatial recognition test: A novel cognition task for assessing topographical memory in mice. Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2017, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Donepezil; Indans; Levetiracetam; Mal	2017
Treatment with levetiracetam improves cognition in a ketamine rat model of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia research, 2018, Volume: 193 Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal	2018
Rationale for an adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia, 2017, Volume: 58, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Carbamazepine; Clobazam; Disease Models, Animal; D	2017
Effects of arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide (ACEA) on the protective action of various antiepileptic drugs in the 6-Hz corneal stimulation model in mice. PloS one, 2017, Volume: 12, Issue:8 Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Arachidonic Acids; Avoidance Learning; Benzodiazepines; Clobaz	2017
Pharmacokinetic Study of Piracetam in Focal Cerebral Ischemic Rats. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 2018, Volume: 43, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relation	2018
Antinociceptive and pronociceptive effect of levetiracetam in tonic pain model. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2018, Volume: 70, Issue:2 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Leve	2018
New therapeutic activity of metabolic enhancer piracetam in treatment of neurodegenerative disease: Participation of caspase independent death factors, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 2018, Volume: 1864, Issue:6 Pt A Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Inducing Factor; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Endodeoxyribonucleases	2018
Nose to Brain Delivery of Galantamine Loaded Nanoparticles: In-vivo Pharmacodynamic and Biochemical Study in Mice. Current drug delivery, 2019, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Adhesiveness; Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Oral; Alzheimer Dise	2019
Effects of levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug, on memory impairments associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease in mice. Neurobiology of learning and memory, 2013, Volume: 102 Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Mo	2013
The effect of levetiracetam on status epilepticus-induced neuronal death in the rat hippocampus. Seizure, 2013, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Death; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination;	2013
[Psychomodulating activity of phenotropil in experimental hyperthyroidism]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2013, Volume: 76, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hyperthyroidism; Neuroprotective Agents;	2013
Pharmacological and neuroethological studies of three antiepileptic drugs in the Genetic Audiogenic Seizure Hamster (GASH:Sal). Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liqu	2013
[Identification and evaluation of the neuroleptic activity of phenotropil]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2013, Volume: 113, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Piracetam; Psycho	2013
Antihyperalgesic/antinociceptive effects of ceftriaxone and its synergistic interactions with different analgesics in inflammatory pain in rodents. Anesthesiology, 2014, Volume: 120, Issue:3 Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Ce	2014
Interactions of levetiracetam with carbamazepine, phenytoin, topiramate and vigabatrin in the mouse 6Hz psychomotor seizure model - a type II isobolographic analysis. European journal of pharmacology, 2014, Jan-15, Volume: 723 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Avoidance Learning; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinatio	2014
The antiepileptic drug levetiracetam suppresses non-convulsive seizure activity and reduces ischemic brain damage in rats subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Infarction, Middle Cerebra	2013
Teratogenic potential of antiepileptic drugs in the zebrafish model. BioMed research international, 2013, Volume: 2013 Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Ethosuximide; Female; F	2013
The cognition-enhancing activity of E1R, a novel positive allosteric modulator of sigma-1 receptors. British journal of pharmacology, 2014, Volume: 171, Issue:3 Topics: Acetamides; Allosteric Regulation; Amnesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Calcium Signaling; Cel	2014
Efficacy of dexamethasone on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats: an electrophysiological study. Brain research, 2014, Mar-20, Volume: 1554 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Dexamethasone; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship,	2014
Levetiracetam increases neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury under normothermic, but not hypothermic conditions. Brain research, 2014, Mar-27, Volume: 1556 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis Inducing Factor; Caspase 3; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cor	2014
Effect of quercetin and rutin in some acute seizure models in mice. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2014, Oct-03, Volume: 54 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Ther	2014
Effect of levetiracetam on penicillin induced epileptic activity in rats. Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis, 2014, Volume: 74, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroen	2014
Abbreviated levetiracetam treatment effects on behavioural and histological outcomes after experimental TBI. Brain injury, 2015, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Contusions; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug	2015
Interactions between levetiracetam and cardiovascular drugs against electroconvulsions in mice. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2014, Volume: 66, Issue:6 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Anticonv	2014
Inter-individual variation in the effect of antiepileptic drugs in the intrahippocampal kainate model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in mice. Neuropharmacology, 2015, Volume: 90 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance; Electrod	2015
Genetic background of mice strongly influences treatment resistance in the 6 Hz seizure model. Epilepsia, 2015, Volume: 56, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Levetiracetam; Male; Mice; Phenytoin	2015
Pretreatment with intravenous levetiracetam in the rhesus monkey Coriaria lactone-induced status epilepticus model. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2015, Jan-15, Volume: 348, Issue:1-2 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Lactones; Lev	2015
The anti-ictogenic effects of levetiracetam are mirrored by interictal spiking and high-frequency oscillation changes in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizure, 2015, Volume: 25 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroencephalography; Epi	2015
The effects of levetiracetam, sumatriptan, and caffeine in a rat model of trigeminal pain: interactions in 2-component combinations. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2015, Volume: 120, Issue:6 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship,	2015
Sleep interacts with aβ to modulate intrinsic neuronal excitability. Current biology : CB, 2015, Mar-16, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Action Potentials; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified;	2015
Prevention of status epilepticus-induced brain edema and neuronal cell loss by repeated treatment with high-dose levetiracetam. Brain research, 2015, May-22, Volume: 1608 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Edema; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Levetiracetam; Magnetic R	2015
Cross-species pharmacological characterization of the allylglycine seizure model in mice and larval zebrafish. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2015, Volume: 45 Topics: Allylglycine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Fructose; Levetiracetam; M	2015
[Protective effects of levetiracetam and simvastatin on pilocarpine-induced epilepsy in rat models]. Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition, 2015, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Calpain; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; Levetiracetam; Pilocarpine; Piracet	2015
Status epilepticus induction has prolonged effects on the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs in the 6-Hz seizure model. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2015, Volume: 49 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Levetiracetam; Male; Mice	2015
Validation of the 6 Hz refractory seizure mouse model for intracerebroventricularly administered compounds. Epilepsy research, 2015, Volume: 115 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Capillary Permeability; Catheters, Indwelling; Cornea	2015
Supralethal poisoning by any of the classical nerve agents is effectively counteracted by procyclidine regimens in rats. Neurotoxicology, 2015, Volume: 50 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Body Weight; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relat	2015
Blockade of endothelin B receptor improves the efficacy of levetiracetam in chronic epileptic rats. Seizure, 2015, Volume: 31 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelin B Receptor Anta	2015
Protective effects of udenafil citrate, piracetam and dexmedetomidine treatment on testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Andrologia, 2016, Volume: 48, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Dexmedetomidine; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Piracetam; Protective Agents; Pyrimidines; R	2016
Levetiracetam Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury: Operation Brain Trauma Therapy. Journal of neurotrauma, 2016, Mar-15, Volume: 33, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Prot	2016
Neuroprotective effects of chronic administration of levetiracetam in a rat model of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2016, Volume: 114 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Neuropathies; Disease Model	2016
Neuroprotection and anti-seizure effects of levetiracetam in a rat model of penetrating ballistic-like brain injury. Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 2016, Volume: 34, Issue:2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Gait Disorders, Neuro	2016
Evaluation of the pentylenetetrazole seizure threshold test in epileptic mice as surrogate model for drug testing against pharmacoresistant seizures. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2016, Volume: 57, Issue:Pt A Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance; Epilepsy; GABA Antagoni	2016
Levetiracetam prophylaxis ameliorates seizure epileptogenesis after fluid percussion injury. Brain research, 2016, 07-01, Volume: 1642 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Disease Models, Animal	2016
Chronic treatment with levetiracetam reverses deficits in hippocampal LTP in vivo in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy rats. Neuroscience letters, 2016, 08-15, Volume: 628 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Hippocampus; Levetiraceta	2016
[STUDYING SOME PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NEW 3-HYDROXYPYRIDINE DERIVATIVE]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2016, Volume: 79, Issue:2 Topics: Adamantane; Amnesia; Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Anticonvulsants; Benzimidazoles; Brain Ische	2016
Levetiracetam treatment influences blood-brain barrier failure associated with angiogenesis and inflammatory responses in the acute phase of epileptogenesis in post-status epilepticus mice. Brain research, 2016, 12-01, Volume: 1652 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Astrocytes; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Edema; Capillary Per	2016
Different response to antiepileptic drugs according to the type of epileptic events in a neonatal ischemia-reperfusion model. Neurobiology of disease, 2017, Volume: 99 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy;	2017
Adjuvant quercetin therapy for combined treatment of epilepsy and comorbid depression. Neurochemistry international, 2017, Volume: 104 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Combined Modality Therapy; Convulsants; Depressio	2017
Heightened cortical excitability in aged rodents with memory impairment. Neurobiology of aging, 2017, Volume: 54 Topics: Animals; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Cerebral Cortex; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Levetiracetam;	2017
Is levetiracetam neuroprotective in neonatal rats with hypoxic ischemic brain injury? Bratislavske lekarske listy, 2016, Volume: 117, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response R	2016
Levetiracetam prevents kindling-induced asymmetric accumulation of hippocampal 7S SNARE complexes. Epilepsia, 2008, Volume: 49, Issue:10 Topics: Amygdala; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulati	2008
Brivaracetam: a rational drug discovery success story. British journal of pharmacology, 2008, Volume: 154, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Binding Sites; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Design;	2008
Decreased expression of synaptic vesicle protein 2A, the binding site for levetiracetam, during epileptogenesis and chronic epilepsy. Epilepsia, 2009, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Blotting, Western; Child; Disease Models, Animal; Epile	2009
The effect of piracetam on brain damage and serum nitric oxide levels in dogs submitted to hemorrhagic shock. Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES, 2008, Volume: 14, Issue:4 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Area Under Curve; Blood Pressure; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs	2008
Brivaracetam and seletracetam, two new SV2A ligands, improve paroxysmal dystonia in the dt sz mutant hamster. European journal of pharmacology, 2008, Dec-28, Volume: 601, Issue:1-3 Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dystonia; Humans; Lev	2008
Effect of Convulvulus pluricaulis Choisy. on learning behaviour and memory enhancement activity in rodents. Natural product research, 2008, Volume: 22, Issue:16 Topics: Amnesia; Animals; Convolvulaceae; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Medicine	2008
Preemptive levetiracetam decreases postoperative pain in rats. Neuro endocrinology letters, 2008, Volume: 29, Issue:6 Topics: Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Re	2008
Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction profiles of levetiracetam in combination with gabapentin, tiagabine and vigabatrin in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model: an isobolographic analysis. European journal of pharmacology, 2009, Mar-01, Volume: 605, Issue:1-3 Topics: Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Drug I	2009
Proepileptic phenotype of SV2A-deficient mice is associated with reduced anticonvulsant efficacy of levetiracetam. Epilepsia, 2009, Volume: 50, Issue:7 Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Binding Sites; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Epil	2009
In the rat maximal dentate activation model of partial complex epilepsy, the anticonvulsant activity of levetiracetam is modulated by nitric oxide-active drugs. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2009, Volume: 116, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Arginine; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationshi	2009
Isobolographic characterization of interactions of levetiracetam with the various antiepileptic drugs in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model. Epilepsy research, 2009, Volume: 86, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug	2009
Isobolographic characterization of the anticonvulsant interaction profiles of levetiracetam in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model. Seizure, 2009, Volume: 18, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Drug T	2009
Improved seizure control by alternating therapy of levetiracetam and valproate in epileptic rats. Epilepsia, 2010, Volume: 51, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug	2010
Effects of levetiracetam on hippocampal kindling in Noda epileptic rats. Brain research, 2010, Jan-14, Volume: 1309 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Drug Administrati	2010
Comparison of the antiepileptogenic effects of an early long-term treatment with ethosuximide or levetiracetam in a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsia, 2010, Volume: 51, Issue:8 Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D	2010
Treatment strategies targeting excess hippocampal activity benefit aged rats with cognitive impairment. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2010, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aging; Animals; Anticonvulsants; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Cognition Disorders; Disease	2010
Treatment strategies targeting excess hippocampal activity benefit aged rats with cognitive impairment. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2010, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aging; Animals; Anticonvulsants; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Cognition Disorders; Disease	2010
Treatment strategies targeting excess hippocampal activity benefit aged rats with cognitive impairment. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2010, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aging; Animals; Anticonvulsants; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Cognition Disorders; Disease	2010
Treatment strategies targeting excess hippocampal activity benefit aged rats with cognitive impairment. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2010, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Aging; Animals; Anticonvulsants; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Cognition Disorders; Disease	2010
Discovery of indolone acetamides as novel SV2A ligands with improved potency toward seizure suppression. ChemMedChem, 2010, Feb-01, Volume: 5, Issue:2 Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Indoles; Levetiracetam; Ligands; Membr	2010
Levetiracetam attenuates hippocampal expression of synaptic plasticity-related immediate early and late response genes in amygdala-kindled rats. BMC neuroscience, 2010, Jan-27, Volume: 11 Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy, Temporal	2010
Antiepileptogenic and anticonvulsive actions of levetiracetam in a pentylenetetrazole kindling model. Epilepsy research, 2010, Volume: 89, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dru	2010
Effects of iloprost and piracetam in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rabbit. Spinal cord, 2011, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Disease Models, Animal; Iloprost; Male; Piracetam; Rabbits; Reperfusion Injur	2011
Levetiracetam suppresses development of spontaneous EEG seizures and aberrant neurogenesis following kainate-induced status epilepticus. Brain research, 2010, Sep-17, Volume: 1352 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bromodeoxyuridine; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephal	2010
The antihyperalgesic effect of levetiracetam in an inflammatory model of pain in rats: mechanism of action. British journal of pharmacology, 2010, Volume: 161, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Hyperalgesia;	2010
Cortico-hippocampal hyperexcitability in synapsin I/II/III knockout mice: age-dependency and response to the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam. Neuroscience, 2010, Nov-24, Volume: 171, Issue:1 Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Aging; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Mod	2010
Inhibitory effects of levetiracetam on absence seizures in a novel absence-like epilepsy animal model, Groggy rat. Brain research, 2010, Nov-04, Volume: 1359 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Levetir	2010
Effects of levetiracetam on blood-brain barrier disturbances following hyperthermia-induced seizures in rats with cortical dysplasia. Life sciences, 2010, Nov-20, Volume: 87, Issue:19-22 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fever; Fluorescein; G	2010
Voluntary alcohol consumption and plasma beta-endorphin levels in alcohol preferring rats chronically treated with levetiracetam: a preliminary study. Physiology & behavior, 2011, Mar-28, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Anticonvulsants; beta-Endorphin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose	2011
Enhanced efficacy of anticonvulsants when combined with levetiracetam in soman-exposed rats. Neurotoxicology, 2011, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidotes; Chemical Warfare Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholinester	2011
Interactions of pregabalin with gabapentin, levetiracetam, tiagabine and vigabatrin in the mouse maximal electroshock-induced seizure model: a type II isobolographic analysis. Epilepsy research, 2012, Volume: 98, Issue:2-3 Topics: Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Avoidance Learning; Confidence Intervals; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Ac	2012
A rat model for LGI1-related epilepsies. Human molecular genetics, 2012, Aug-15, Volume: 21, Issue:16 Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Carbamazepine; Cells, Cultured; Chlorocebus ae	2012
Anti-inflammatory effects of levetiracetam in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. International immunopharmacology, 2012, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Disease P	2012
[Latest news on the anti-alzheimer's front]. Revue medicale suisse, 2012, Aug-29, Volume: 8, Issue:351 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Anticonvulsants; Clinical Trials as T	2012
Levetiracetam-loaded biodegradable polymer implants in the tetanus toxin model of temporal lobe epilepsy in rats. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 2013, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Absorbable Implants; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Electr	2013
Neuroprotective effects on somatotopic maps resulting from piracetam treatment and environmental enrichment after focal cortical injury. ILAR journal, 2003, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Environment, Controlled; Forelimb	2003
Antihyperalgesic effect of levetiracetam in neuropathic pain models in rats. European journal of pharmacology, 2003, Jul-18, Volume: 473, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Disease; Analgesics; Animals; Carbamazepine; Chronic Disease; Constriction, Pathologic; Diabet	2003
Developmental outcome of levetiracetam, its major metabolite in humans, 2-pyrrolidinone N-butyric acid, and its enantiomer (R)-alpha-ethyl-oxo-pyrrolidine acetamide in a mouse model of teratogenicity. Epilepsia, 2003, Volume: 44, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Butyrates; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fetus; Levetiracetam; Mice; Piracetam; Pregnancy	2003
Drug correction of behavioral reactions and metabolic disorders in rats with craniocerebral trauma. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2003, Volume: 136, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Benzimidazoles; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Injuries; Carbon Tetrachloride Pois	2003
Levetiracetam potentiates the antidyskinetic action of amantadine in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned primate model of Parkinson's disease. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 310, Issue:1 Topics: Amantadine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antiparkinson Agents; Callithrix; Disease Models, Animal; Drug	2004
Future Pain Drugs - Europe 2003. 15-16 September 2003, London, UK. IDrugs : the investigational drugs journal, 2003, Volume: 6, Issue:11 Topics: Acetaminophen; Acetates; Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, A	2003
Effects of piracetam alone and in combination with antiepileptic drugs in rodent seizure models. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2004, Volume: 111, Issue:9 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cobalt; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combination	2004
Psychopharmacology of anticonvulsants: levetiracetam as a synaptic vesicle protein modulator. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2004, Volume: 65, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Exocytosis; Humans; Levetiracetam; Membrane Glycop	2004
The significance of individual resistance to hypoxia for correction of the consequences of craniocerebral trauma. Neuroscience and behavioral physiology, 2005, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Behavior, Animal; Benzimidazoles; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Brain Edema;	2005
Anticonvulsant properties of the novel nootropic agent nefiracetam in seizure models of mice and rats. Epilepsia, 2005, Volume: 46, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation,	2005
Evaluation of levetiracetam effects on pilocarpine-induced seizures: cholinergic muscarinic system involvement. Neuroscience letters, 2005, Sep-16, Volume: 385, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Hippocampus; Levetiracetam; Male; Mic	2005
Separation of antiepileptogenic and antiseizure effects of levetiracetam in the spontaneously epileptic rat (SER). Epilepsia, 2005, Volume: 46, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; El	2005
Long-lasting antiepileptic effects of levetiracetam against epileptic seizures in the spontaneously epileptic rat (SER): differentiation of levetiracetam from conventional antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia, 2005, Volume: 46, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response R	2005
Effects of Nefiracetam, a novel pyrrolidone-type nootropic agent, on the amygdala-kindled seizures in rats. Epilepsia, 2005, Volume: 46, Issue:10 Topics: Administration, Oral; Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal;	2005
Levetiracetam in the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsies. Epilepsia, 2005, Volume: 46 Suppl 9 Topics: Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Child; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Generalized; Female; Human	2005
Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characterization of interactions between levetiracetam and numerous antiepileptic drugs in the mouse maximal electroshock seizure model: an isobolographic analysis. Epilepsia, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Respo	2006
Levetiracetam: antiepileptic properties and protective effects on mitochondrial dysfunction in experimental status epilepticus. Epilepsia, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Aconitate Hydratase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citrate (si)-Sy	2006
Effects of piracetam supplementation on cochlear damage occurring in guinea pigs exposed to irradiation. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2006, Volume: 29, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Cochlea; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Guinea Pigs; Organ of Corti; Piracetam; Radiation-P	2006
Neocortical hyperexcitability in a genetic model of absence seizures and its reduction by levetiracetam. Epilepsia, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:7 Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Age Factors; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation	2006
In vivo characterisation of the small-conductance KCa (SK) channel activator 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (1-EBIO) as a potential anticonvulsant. European journal of pharmacology, 2006, Sep-28, Volume: 546, Issue:1-3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzimidazoles; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug;	2006
Levetiracetam is neuroprotective in murine models of closed head injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocritical care, 2006, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Head Injuries, Closed; Injections, In	2006
Effect of levetiracetam on visual-spatial memory following status epilepticus. Epilepsy research, 2007, Volume: 73, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalograp	2007
Administration of levetiracetam after prolonged status epilepticus does not protect from mitochondrial dysfunction in a rodent model. Epilepsy research, 2007, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Leve	2007
Pentylenetetrazole kindling affects sleep in rats. Epilepsia, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electromyograph	2006
Levetiracetam and felbamate interact both pharmacodynamically and pharmacokinetically: an isobolographic analysis in the mouse maximal electroshock model. Epilepsia, 2007, Volume: 48, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Mod	2007
Prophylactic treatment with levetiracetam after status epilepticus: lack of effect on epileptogenesis, neuronal damage, and behavioral alterations in rats. Neuropharmacology, 2007, Volume: 53, Issue:2 Topics: Amygdala; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain Damage, Chronic; D	2007
Brivaracetam is superior to levetiracetam in a rat model of post-hypoxic myoclonus. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2007, Volume: 114, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsies, Myoc	2007
[Correction of cardiotoxic effect of chronic alcoholic intoxication by GABA-ergic compounds]. Kardiologiia, 2007, Volume: 47, Issue:6 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; GABA Agents; gamma-Aminobuty	2007
Development of tolerance to levetiracetam in rats with chronic epilepsy. Epilepsia, 2008, Volume: 49, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chromatography, Gas; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Respons	2008
HIF-1-regulated vasoactive systems are differentially involved in acute hypoxic stress responses of the developing brain of newborn mice and are not affected by levetiracetam. Brain research, 2008, Mar-14, Volume: 1199 Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Ex	2008
Antinociceptive efficacy of levetiracetam in a mice model for painful diabetic neuropathy. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2008, Volume: 52, Issue:7 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Diabetic Neuropathies; Disease Models, Anima	2008
Anti-convulsive and anti-epileptic properties of brivaracetam (ucb 34714), a high-affinity ligand for the synaptic vesicle protein, SV2A. British journal of pharmacology, 2008, Volume: 154, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; Levetiracetam	2008
[Comparative study of several preparations in different models of cerebral hypoxia]. Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1984, Volume: 98, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Asphyxia; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Electrocard	1984
[The evaluation of the effects of piracetam and N-acetylaspartic acid on memory and the content of mediator amino acids in the brain in a model neurotic state in rats]. Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1993, Volume: 116, Issue:11 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models	1993
Inhibitory effect of piracetam on platelet-rich thrombus formation in an animal model. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 1998, Volume: 79, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Bleeding Time; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Fibrinogen; Fibrinolytic Agents; Humans;	1998
Validation of corneally kindled mice: a sensitive screening model for partial epilepsy in man. Epilepsy research, 1998, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Cornea; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Malea	1998
Evidence for a unique profile of levetiracetam in rodent models of seizures and epilepsy. European journal of pharmacology, 1998, Jul-24, Volume: 353, Issue:2-3 Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Carbolines; Convulsants; Diazepam; Disease Mod	1998
[Effect of piracetam on urea-induced myoclonus in rats]. Nihon shinkei seishin yakurigaku zasshi = Japanese journal of psychopharmacology, 2000, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Myoclonus; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agen	2000
Development of tolerance during chronic treatment of kindled rats with the novel antiepileptic drug levetiracetam. Epilepsia, 2000, Volume: 41, Issue:12 Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug T	2000
Can nootropic drugs be effective against the impact of ethanol teratogenicity on cognitive performance? European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2001, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Learning Disabil	2001
Neuroprotective properties of the novel antiepileptic drug levetiracetam in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia. Seizure, 2001, Volume: 10, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cere	2001
[Modification of isoprenaline-induced myocardial necrosis in the rat by means of pre-treatment with cerutil and piracetam]. Zeitschrift fur die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete, 1976, Aug-01, Volume: 31, Issue:15 Topics: Animals; Coronary Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Glycolates; Heart; Isoproterenol; Male; Meclofeno	1976
[Effectiveness of tocopherol and anti-hypoxic agents in liver damage caused by antitubercular agents]. Problemy tuberkuleza, 1991, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Disease Models, Animal; Hepatitis, An	1991
Decompression-induced hemostasis in mice: high altitude simulation in the Everest chamber. Thrombosis research, 1990, Mar-01, Volume: 57, Issue:5 Topics: Altitude Sickness; Animals; Decompression; Disease Models, Animal; Hemostasis; Mice; Oxygen; Piracet	1990
Hypoxia-induced sleep disturbance in rats. Sleep, 1990, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Dihydroergotoxine; Disease Models, Animal; Hypoxia; Male; Piracetam; Rats; Sleep Stages; Sl	1990
Anti-hypoxic potency of cerebroprotective drugs studied in a model of acute reversible respiratory failure. Biomedica biochimica acta, 1989, Volume: 48, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Dihydroergotoxine; Disease Models, Animal; Electrocardiography; Hypox	1989

piracetam and Disease Models, Animal