piperine and Edema

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem that affects a large number of population. Piperine (PIP) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-histaminic, and immunomodulatory activities; however, its antiallergic profile has not been studied.. The objective of the study was to investigate the antiallergic potential of PIP in ova-albumin (OVA)-induced AR, mast cell degranulation (MSD), and OVA-induced paw edema.. Mice were sensitized with OVA alternately on 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13th day. They were treated with either vehicle, PIP (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.), or montelukast (10 mg/kg, p.o.) from the 14th to 20th day. On the 21st day, intranasal (OVA: 5% µl) challenge was done. Animals were evaluated for physiological parameters, biochemical parameters, spleen weight, expression of interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β), and immunoglobin-E (IgE). Histopathology of nasal mucosa, lungs, and spleen was carried out. MSD and paw edema studies were made to understand the mechanism of action.. PIP (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) showed a significant dose-dependent protection with respect to nasal rubbing, redness of nose, and sneezing (p < 0.001) following nasal challenge. PIP dose dependently reduced histamine, NO concentration (p < 0.001), as well as reduced expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and IgE (p < 0.001) as compared with the control group. Histopathology showed inhibition of infiltration of eosinophils and hyperplasia. It dose dependently reduced MSD and paw edema (p < 0.001).. PIP acts by mast cell-stabilizing activity, exhibits immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity, thereby providing an effective treatment for AR.

Topics: Acetates; Alkaloids; Animals; Anti-Allergic Agents; Benzodioxoles; Biomarkers; Cell Degranulation; Cyclopropanes; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Eosinophils; Histamine; Immunoglobulin E; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Mast Cells; Nitric Oxide; Ovalbumin; Piperidines; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Quinolines; Rhinitis, Allergic; Spleen; Sulfides; Time Factors

Piper longum L. fruits have been traditionally used against snakebites in north-eastern and southern region of India.. To examine the ability of ethanolic extract of fruits of Piper longum L., Piperaceae (PLE) and piperine, one of the main active principles of Piper longum, to inhibit the Russell's viper (Doboia russelii, Viperidae) snake venom activities.. Anti-snake venom activities of ethanolic extract of fruits of Piper longum L. (Piperaceae) and piperine against Russell's viper venom was studied in embryonated fertile chicken eggs, mice and rats by using various models as follows: inhibition of venom lethal action, inhibition of venom haemorrhagic action (in vitro), inhibition of venom haemorrhagic action (in vivo), inhibition of venom necrotizing action, inhibition of venom defibrinogenating action, inhibition of venom induced paw edema, inhibition of venom induced mast cell degranulation, creatine kinase assay and assay for catalase activity.. PLE was found to inhibit the venom induced haemorrhage in embryonated fertile chicken eggs. Administration of PLE and piperine significantly (p<0.01) inhibited venom induced lethality, haemorrhage, necrosis, defibrinogenation and inflammatory paw edema in mice in a dose dependent manner. PLE and piperine also significantly (p<0.01) reduced venom induced mast cell degranulation in rats. Venom induced decrease in catalase enzyme levels in mice kidney tissue and increase in creatine kinase enzyme levels in mice serum were significantly (p<0.01) reversed by administration of both PLE and piperine.. PLE possesses good anti-snake venom properties and piperine is one of the compounds responsible for the effective venom neutralizing ability of the plant.

Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Antivenins; Benzodioxoles; Catalase; Cell Degranulation; Creatine Kinase; Daboia; Edema; Ethanol; Female; Fruit; Male; Mast Cells; Mice; Necrosis; Piper; Piperidines; Plant Extracts; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Solvents; Viper Venoms

The present study was undertaken to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of piperine against adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats, an experimental model for rheumatoid arthritis and compared it with that of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin. Administration of heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (0. 1 ml) intradermally into the right hind paw of rats resulted in increased paw volume, lysosomal enzymes, glycoproteins and tissue marker enzymes and decreased body weight. However, these changes were reverted to near normal levels upon piperine (30 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) treatment. Histopathological analysis of joints also revealed that synovial hyperplasia and mononuclear infiltration observed in arthritic rats were alleviated by piperine. Thus, the present study clearly indicated that piperine possesses promising anti-inflammatory effect against adjuvant-induced arthritis by suppressing inflammation and cartilage destruction.

Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Benzodioxoles; Edema; Female; Glycoproteins; Indomethacin; Inflammation; Joints; Male; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Piperidines; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Rats; Rats, Wistar