phosphorus-radioisotopes and Hyperthyroidism

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Biological Transport; Body Temperature Regulation; Energy Metabolism; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Kidney; Kidney Cortex; Liver; Magnesium; Muscles; Oxygen Consumption; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Potassium; Sodium; Thyroid Hormones; Thyroidectomy; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Diabetes Insipidus; Extracellular Space; Glucagon; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Immune Sera; Inosine Nucleotides; Iodine Radioisotopes; Methods; Nucleotides, Cyclic; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Protein Kinases; Tritium; Vasopressins

The therapeutic approach of internally administered radiopharmaceuticals offers the potential to outmode the present approaches of conventional radiation therapy and chemotherapy because of three characteristics: 1. The therapeutic use of radiopharmaceuticals may deliver as much as orders of magnitude larger rad doses than conventional radiation therapy to target tissues, selectively irradiating these tissues internally in one radiation dose. 2. The therapeutic use of radiopharmaceuticals is followed by a lower incidence of leukemia and other cancers. 3. The treatment is comparatively noninvasive and nontraumatic. We can now make this rather strong statement with fairly firm conviction because Na131I has been used since 1946 (33 years) to treat almost a million patients for hyperthyroidism (a) and in approximately 5000 patients for well-differentiated thyroid cancer (b); NaH2PO4(P-32) has been used for 35 years to treat approximately 25,000 patients with polycythemia vera (3-5).

Topics: Forecasting; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Leukemia, Radiation-Induced; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Phosphates; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Polycythemia Vera; Radiotherapy; Radiotherapy Dosage; Sodium Iodide; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Gold Colloid, Radioactive; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Injections, Intra-Articular; Iodine Radioisotopes; Myeloproliferative Disorders; Neoplasm Metastasis; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Radioisotopes; Radiotherapy; Thyroid Neoplasms

Topics: Colloids; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Neoplasm Metastasis; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Polycythemia; Radioisotopes; Thyroid Neoplasms

This review covers the side effects and adverse reactions to radiopharmaceuticals that were reported in the literature over the past 25 years. The information published prior to 1970 is sporadic, but due to the increased utilization of nuclear medicine procedures and the recognition that radiopharmaceuticals may have pharmacologic side effects, a registry has existed since 1971 to tabulate information on such effects. This survey is medical, rather than pharmaceutical in emphasis and so the adverse reactions are classified according to the target-organ systems involved rather than according to the specific radionuclides or to pharmaceuticals. If any of the radiopharmaceuticals of present or past use are not mentioned in this review, it is because no reports on their side effects were retrived by us. Hopefully, the organized registry system suggested by the Society of Nuclear Medicine (SNM) will enable a more complete recording of side effects from radiopharmaceuticals in the future.

Topics: Bone Marrow; Brain Diseases; Colloids; Gold Colloid, Radioactive; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Iron; Kidney Diseases; Liver Diseases; Lung Diseases; Meningitis; Peritoneum; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Polycythemia Vera; Pyrogens; Radioisotopes; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiotherapy; Registries; Serum Albumin; Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; Skin; United States; Xenon Radioisotopes

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Brain; Cyclic AMP; Enzyme Activation; Hyperthyroidism; Kinetics; Microsomes; Organ Size; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Protein Kinases; Rats; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Cobalt; Cobalt Radioisotopes; Disease; Hematopoietic System; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes; Phosphorus; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Radioactivity; Radioisotopes