phosphorus-radioisotopes and Ascites

Supportive care are a strongly connected constituent of the curative and palliative treatment of cancer. They serve for prevention and early diagnosis, respectively, and treatment of complications during therapy and disturbances which may issue from the tumour disease itself. These are especially the results of the insufficiency of the bone marrow which in the last years increasingly moved into the centre of the therapeutic interest. A survey of the present state of the treatment of these and other general complications in patients with malignant neoplasms is given.

Topics: Anemia; Ascites; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Cross Infection; Granulocytes; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Intracranial Pressure; Leukopenia; Neoplasms; Patient Isolation; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Pleural Effusion; Thrombocytopenia; Transfer Factor; Transplantation, Autologous; Transplantation, Homologous

Systemic distribution of radioactive colloidal chromic phosphate P 32 after intraperitoneal instillation was studied in 10 patients with ovarian or endometrial malignancies. Seven patients without ascites received chromic phosphate P 32 for positive peritoneal washings, rupture of the capsule of the cyst during operation, or minimal Stage III disease. Three patients received chromic phosphate P 32 for recurrent ascites after multiple abdominal paracenteses. Blood and urine radioactivity measurements were performed at selected intervals. There was a clear statistically significant difference (p less than 0.01) between chromic phosphate P 32 activity levels in whole blood, red blood cells, and plasma in patients with and without ascites.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascites; Brachytherapy; Chromium; Chromium Compounds; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Phosphates; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Uterine Neoplasms

We compared the therapeutic efficacy of alpha and beta emitting radiocolloids for the treatment of experimental malignant ascites. 211At is an almost pure alpha-emitter. As 211At-tellurium colloid, the dose survival curve is linear and extrapolates through the origin in a manner similar to other high linear energy transfer radiations. Doses of 25 microCi were curative. Less than curative doses showed a graded prolongation of median survival. In cured mice, long term histological changes were seen in thyroid tissue. Acute changes were seen in the gastrointestinal tract as early as 2 hr after radiocolloid administration; these changes reached a plateau at 6 hr and were essentially gone 36 hr later. By comparison, radiocolloids of the beta emitters 32P, 165Dy and 90Y were not curative, but relatively large doses did substantially prolong median survival. The doses for maximal effect were 150 microCi 32P-chromic phosphate, 8000 microCi ++165Dy-ferric hydroxide macroaggregates and 200 microCi 90Y-citrate. The most compelling reason for the increased therapeutic efficacy of 211At-tellurium colloid is the direct and densely ionizing character of the emitted alpha radiations.

Topics: Alpha Particles; Animals; Ascites; Astatine; Colloids; Dysprosium; Electrons; Female; Half-Life; Intestinal Mucosa; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Neoplasm Transplantation; Ovarian Neoplasms; Particle Size; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Radioisotopes; Thyroid Gland; Yttrium Radioisotopes

An investigation of the efficacy of astatine-211--tellurium colloid for the treatment of experimental malignant ascites in mice reveals that this alpha-emitting radiocolloid can be curative without causing undue toxicity to normal tissue. By comparison, negatron-emitting phosphorus-32 as colloidal chromic phosphate had no antineoplastic activity. The most compelling explanation for this striking difference is the dense ionization and short range of action associated with alpha-emission. These results have important implications for the development and use of alpha-emitters as radiocolloid therapy for the treatment of human tumors.

Topics: Alpha Particles; Animals; Ascites; Astatine; Cell Survival; Chromium; Chromium Compounds; Colloids; Female; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms, Experimental; Ovarian Neoplasms; Phosphates; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Radioisotopes; Tellurium; Transplantation, Homologous

Pleural and peritoneal effusion secondary to primary malignancy is a significant problem in the management of the cancer patient. Respiratory embarrassment and discomfort associated with the formation and collection of fluid in the chest and abdomen are among the most distressing symptoms encountered as a result of malignant disease. The guidelines for treatment should be based on respiratory symptoms, and with the understanding that the procedure is palliative. Both surgical and medical forms of treatment have been used. These include thoracostomy-tube drainage alone or with the instillation of antimicrobial agents. Pleurectomy is effective but should be reserved for situations in which conservative approaches have failed. Antitumor agents, such as nitrogen mustard, are effective but toxic. The mode of action of antineoplastic agents is related to their ability to cause pleural sclerosis and obliterate the pleural space. Systemic chemotherapy and external beam radiation are rarely effective. The intracavitary application of radioactive colloids has been used since 1945. Colloidal radioactive gold Au 198 has been replaced by the pure beta emitter, colloidal chromic phosphate P 32. Instillation of a colloidal suspension of radioactive phosphorus represents a significant and effective palliative therapeutic modality for malignant effusion.

Topics: Adult; Ascites; Bleomycin; Colloids; Drainage; Female; Humans; Neoplasms; Palliative Care; Pericardial Effusion; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Pleural Effusion; Pregnancy

A case of diffused malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum in a 64-year-old man is presented. This mesothelioma, of the papillary type, was complicated, after a year without significant clinical symptoms, by the development of ascites and obstructive upper bowel ileus. Physiological-anatomical and clinical aspects, as well as special radiologic findings and therapeutic regimens, are discussed in the light of the literature. It is recommended that all patients with malignant mesothelioma of the peritoneum be treated by total abdominal irradiation and intreperitoneal instillation of colloid P32.

Topics: Ascites; Humans; Intestinal Obstruction; Male; Mesothelioma; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Phosphorus Radioisotopes

Topics: Alkylating Agents; Ascites; Chlorambucil; Dactinomycin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Intestinal Fistula; Intestinal Obstruction; Medroxyprogesterone; Methotrexate; Ovarian Neoplasms; Patient Care Team; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Progesterone; Radiotherapy Dosage; Thiotepa; Triaziquone; Vinblastine

Topics: Acetates; Animals; Ascites; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Nucleolus; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Deoxyribonucleases; Edetic Acid; Electrophoresis; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Histocytochemistry; Kinetics; Liver Neoplasms; Magnesium; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nucleotides; Pepsin A; Phosphates; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Polyvinyls; Proteins; Rats; Ribonucleases; Ribosomes; RNA, Ribosomal; Sucrose

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascites; Computers; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Gold Isotopes; Humans; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Portugal; Retrospective Studies

Topics: Animals; Ascites; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Membrane; Glycerophosphates; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Male; Molecular Weight; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nucleic Acids; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phosphatidylinositols; Phospholipids; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Rats; Sphingomyelins

Topics: Ascites; Neoplasms; Phosphates; Phosphorus; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Phosphorus, Dietary; Radioactivity

Topics: Ascites; Chromium Compounds; Exudates and Transudates; Humans; Phosphates; Phosphorus; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Pleural Effusion; Pleurisy