phosphocreatine and Thiamine-Deficiency

Thiamine deficiency (TD) in rats produces lesions similar to those found in humans suffering from Wernicke's encephalopathy, an organic mental disorder associated with alcoholism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 29) were deprived of thiamine via a regimen of thiamine-deficient chow and daily intraperitoneal injections of the thiamine antagonist pyrithiamine hydrobromide. Spectra were obtained by using the STEAM sequence. No significant change occurred in the ratio of Cr/NAA, while the ratio of Cho/NAA declined significantly (60 +/- 11%) on Day 14. Eleven rats received intraperitoneal injections of thiamine hydrochloride at the end of 12 days, and dose-dependent recovery in Cho/NAA was observed.

Topics: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Animals; Brain; Creatine; Dipeptides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy

The effect of thiamine deficiency on energy-requiring processes in brain tissue was studied by comparing cortical slices prepared from control and pyrithiamine-treated rats. Veratridine was used to stimulate energy metabolism by opening voltage-sensitive sodium channels resulting in enhanced Na+/K+ pumping; subsequent tetrodotoxin addition closed the sodium channels. Pyrithiamine-treated slices showed both lower basal and veratridine-stimulated respiration rates compared to control slices. K+ was released from the tissue upon addition of veratridine and was taken up again upon addition of tetrodotoxin. The movement of K+ was monitored directly with a K+-sensitive electrode as well as by measuring the rubidium diffusion potential. There was no difference between control and pyrithiamine-treated slices in K+ fluxes in response to veratridine and tetrodotoxin. The extent of reuptake of K+ upon tetrodotoxin addition was inversely related to the extracellular Ca2+ concentration and to the incubation temperature. Veratridine resulted in a marked decrease in tissue levels of ATP and creatine phosphate; these levels remained quite low upon tetrodotoxin addition. Despite the different respiration rates, control and pyrithiamine-treated slices showed the same ATP and creatine phosphate levels in response to veratridine and tetrodotoxin.

Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Oxygen Consumption; Phosphocreatine; Potassium; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyrithiamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin; Thiamine Deficiency; Veratridine

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Diet; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glucose; Glycogen; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Mice; Phosphocreatine; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyrithiamine; Spinal Cord; Tectum Mesencephali; Thiamine Deficiency; Vestibular Nuclei; Vestibular Nucleus, Lateral

Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antimetabolites; Body Weight; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiomegaly; Electrocardiography; Heart; Heart Rate; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactates; Male; Myocardium; Organ Size; Phosphocreatine; Pyridinium Compounds; Pyrimidines; Pyruvates; Rats; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Thiazoles

Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glyoxylates; Heart; Heart Diseases; Lactates; Male; Myocardium; Oxidoreductases; Perfusion; Phosphocreatine; Pyruvates; Rats; Thiamine Deficiency; Tricarboxylic Acids

Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography; Diet; Hydrolases; Kidney; Liver; Male; Myocardium; Neural Conduction; Phosphates; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Spinal Cord; Surface-Active Agents; Thiamine Deficiency