phenytoin has been researched along with Brain Injuries in 91 studies
Brain Injuries: Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
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"To evaluate the safety and tolerability of treatment with levetiracetam and determine the trough levels of levetiracetam in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who are at high risk for posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE)." | 9.16 | Results of phase 2 safety and feasibility study of treatment with levetiracetam for prevention of posttraumatic epilepsy. ( Atabaki, SM; He, J; Herr, D; Klein, P; Levine, Z; McCarter, R; Natale, J; Nogay, C; Pearl, PL; Sandoval, F; Soldin, SJ; Trzcinski, S; Tsuchida, T; van den Anker, J, 2012) |
"Early and/or late onset in patients with brain injury (BI) is associated with a poorer prognosis, and phenytoin (PHT) is standard of care to prevent seizures." | 8.98 | Efficacy of levetiracetam compared with phenytoin in prevention of seizures in brain injured patients: A meta-analysis. ( Li, WL; Liu, YQ; Qi, JL; Wu, YP; Zhang, K; Zhao, L, 2018) |
"Since the effectiveness of seizure prophylaxis has not been established, the authors suggest that anticonvulsant drugs be administered only after an early seizure has occurred." | 6.65 | Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent early posttraumatic seizures. ( Bean, JR; Haack, D; Norton, JA; Rapp, RP; Tibbs, PA; Young, B, 1983) |
"The time between injury and seizures did not significantly differ between the two groups." | 6.65 | Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent late posttraumatic seizures. ( Bean, JR; Haack, D; Norton, JA; Rapp, RP; Tibbs, PA; Young, B, 1983) |
"Acute seizures frequently occur following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have been associated with poor patient prognosis." | 5.39 | Ethosuximide and phenytoin dose-dependently attenuate acute nonconvulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury in rats. ( Lu, XC; Marcsisin, SR; Melendez, V; Mountney, A; Potter, B; Shear, DA; Sousa, J; Tortella, FC, 2013) |
"Phenytoin treatment prevented the occurrence of convulsive and EEG seizures; however, lipid peroxidation was unaffected (16." | 5.27 | Effect of phenytoin and corticosteroids on seizures and lipid peroxidation in experimental posttraumatic epilepsy. ( Triggs, WJ; Willmore, LJ, 1984) |
"To evaluate the safety and tolerability of treatment with levetiracetam and determine the trough levels of levetiracetam in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who are at high risk for posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE)." | 5.16 | Results of phase 2 safety and feasibility study of treatment with levetiracetam for prevention of posttraumatic epilepsy. ( Atabaki, SM; He, J; Herr, D; Klein, P; Levine, Z; McCarter, R; Natale, J; Nogay, C; Pearl, PL; Sandoval, F; Soldin, SJ; Trzcinski, S; Tsuchida, T; van den Anker, J, 2012) |
"In this prospective, single-center, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of LEV versus PHT (2:1 ratio) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) or subarachnoid hemorrhage (NCT00618436) patients received IV load with either LEV or fosphenytoin followed by standard IV doses of LEV or PHT." | 5.14 | Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis. ( Lindsell, CJ; Sangha, KS; Shutter, LA; Szaflarski, JP, 2010) |
" One hundred thirty-two patients at high risk for seizures were assigned to receive a 1-week course of phenytoin, 120 were assigned to receive a 1-month course of valproate, and 127 were assigned to receive a 6-month course of valproate." | 5.09 | Valproate therapy for prevention of posttraumatic seizures: a randomized trial. ( Anderson, GD; Awan, A; Cohen, W; Dikmen, SS; Holmes, MD; Nelson, P; Newell, DW; Temkin, NR; Wilensky, AJ; Winn, HR, 1999) |
"The goals of this study were to determine if the use of phenytoin to prevent early posttraumatic seizures following head injury was associated with significant adverse side effects and also to determine if the reduction in early posttraumatic seizures after phenytoin administration was associated with a change in mortality rates in head-injured patients." | 5.09 | Side effects and mortality associated with use of phenytoin for early posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis. ( Dikmen, SS; Haltiner, AM; Newell, DW; Temkin, NR; Winn, HR, 1999) |
"Early and/or late onset in patients with brain injury (BI) is associated with a poorer prognosis, and phenytoin (PHT) is standard of care to prevent seizures." | 4.98 | Efficacy of levetiracetam compared with phenytoin in prevention of seizures in brain injured patients: A meta-analysis. ( Li, WL; Liu, YQ; Qi, JL; Wu, YP; Zhang, K; Zhao, L, 2018) |
"In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: antibiotics, anticonvulsants, corticosteroids, hyperventilation, hypothermia, and mannitol." | 4.84 | Head injury (moderate to severe). ( Maconochie, I; Ross, M, 2007) |
" Secondary end points were presence of early seizures (0 to 7 days post-TBI) or late seizures (8 days post-TBI to phone interview), use of anticonvulsant medication when interviewed, medication-related hospital complications, and a summary of phenytoin (PHT) and LEV dosing regimens." | 3.80 | Long-term comparison of GOS-E scores in patients treated with phenytoin or levetiracetam for posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis after traumatic brain injury. ( Gabriel, WM; Rowe, AS, 2014) |
"The purposes of this study were to examine the current Brain Trauma Foundation recommendation for antiseizure prophylaxis with phenytoin during the first 7 days after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in preventing seizures and to determine if this medication affects functional recovery at discharge." | 3.80 | More harm than good: antiseizure prophylaxis after traumatic brain injury does not decrease seizure rates but may inhibit functional recovery. ( Bhullar, IS; Frykberg, ER; Johnson, D; Kerwin, AJ; Paul, JP; Tepas, JJ, 2014) |
"Clinical studies indicate that phenytoin prevents acute post-traumatic seizures but not subsequent post-traumatic epilepsy." | 3.78 | Interictal spikes, seizures and ictal cell death are not necessary for post-traumatic epileptogenesis in vitro. ( Berdichevsky, Y; Dzhala, V; Mail, M; Staley, KJ, 2012) |
"Recent data indicate comparable efficacy and safety for levetiracetam (LEV) when compared with phenytoin (PHT) for prophylaxis of early seizures after traumatic brain injury." | 3.78 | A cost-minimization analysis of phenytoin versus levetiracetam for early seizure pharmacoprophylaxis after traumatic brain injury. ( Barnett, CC; Beauchamp, K; Bensard, DD; Biffl, WL; Burlew, CC; Johnson, JL; Moore, EE; Pieracci, FM; Stoval, RT; Tebockhorst, S, 2012) |
"The American Academy of Neurology recommended using phenytoin or carbamazepine to prevent early post-traumatic seizures (PTS) in severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI)." | 3.77 | A critical look at phenytoin use for early post-traumatic seizure prophylaxis. ( Bajsarowicz, P; Debenham, S; Lamoureux, J; Maleki, M; Marcoux, J; Sabit, B; Saluja, RS, 2011) |
"Both levetiracetam (LEV) and phenytoin (PHT) were associated with a low risk of early postoperative seizures and a moderate risk of later epilepsy." | 3.74 | Efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam versus phenytoin after supratentorial neurosurgery. ( Bromfield, EB; Hurwitz, S; Milligan, TA, 2008) |
"Phenytoin protein binding was significantly correlated with albumin and was more variable in ICU and convalescent patients with brain injuries than in healthy volunteers." | 3.69 | Phenytoin protein binding and dosage requirements during acute and convalescent phases following brain injury. ( Christie, JM; Ehresman, DJ; Eyer, SD; Markowsky, SJ; Skaar, DJ, 1996) |
" Available history is that he is a 20-year-old student with well-controlled epilepsy for which he takes phenytoin." | 3.69 | Drugs and brain death. ( Chivell, W; Fearnside, M; Kennedy, MC; Moran, JL; Morris, RG; Tobin, B; Upton, RN, 1996) |
"There was no difference in seizure rate (1." | 2.78 | A prospective multicenter comparison of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for early posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis. ( Branco, BC; Demetriades, D; Dubose, J; Gooch, J; Herrold, J; Inaba, K; Menaker, J; Okoye, OT; Scalea, TM, 2013) |
"2 mg/L during rewarming was observed and was not explained by dosing differences." | 2.78 | Therapeutic hypothermia decreases phenytoin elimination in children with traumatic brain injury. ( Adelson, PD; Anderson, KB; Bell, MJ; Bies, RR; Empey, PE; Kochanek, PM; Poloyac, SM; Velez de Mendizabal, N, 2013) |
" Time-invariant and time-variant Michaelis-Menten pharmacokinetic models were fit to the unbound phenytoin concentration-time data (ADAPT II)." | 2.69 | Altered phenytoin pharmacokinetics in children with severe, acute traumatic brain injury. ( Lee, KR; Phelps, SJ; Storgion, SA; Stowe, CD, 2000) |
"The time between injury and seizures did not significantly differ between the two groups." | 2.65 | Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent late posttraumatic seizures. ( Bean, JR; Haack, D; Norton, JA; Rapp, RP; Tibbs, PA; Young, B, 1983) |
"Since the effectiveness of seizure prophylaxis has not been established, the authors suggest that anticonvulsant drugs be administered only after an early seizure has occurred." | 2.65 | Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent early posttraumatic seizures. ( Bean, JR; Haack, D; Norton, JA; Rapp, RP; Tibbs, PA; Young, B, 1983) |
" Drug levels were monitored throughout with appropriate dosage adjustment; however only 48% of the phenytoin group had plasma levels greater than 40 mumol/l." | 2.65 | Low risk of late post-traumatic seizures following severe head injury: implications for clinical trials of prophylaxis. ( Blackwood, DH; Harris, P; Johnson, AL; Kalbag, RM; McQueen, JK, 1983) |
"Current standard therapy for seizure prophylaxis in Neuro-surgical patients involves the use of Phenytoin (PHY)." | 2.48 | Phenytoin versus Leviteracetam for seizure prophylaxis after brain injury - a meta analysis. ( Ghauri, AA; Khan, AA; Shamim, MS; Zafar, SN, 2012) |
"For unprovoked (epileptic) seizures, no drug has been shown to be effective, and some have had a clinically important effect ruled out." | 2.41 | Antiepileptogenesis and seizure prevention trials with antiepileptic drugs: meta-analysis of controlled trials. ( Temkin, NR, 2001) |
"Consequently, interventions to prevent seizures early in the course of a seizures disorder do not alter the natural history of seizure disorders with respect to whether remission will occur in the long term." | 2.40 | Do seizures beget seizures? An assessment of the clinical evidence in humans. ( Berg, AT; Shinnar, S, 1997) |
" In order to use these effectively, the critical care nurse must be aware of the indications and controversies surrounding their use, the patho-physiologic conditions that impact on the disposition, and appropriate dosing and monitoring of these agents in the critical care setting." | 2.38 | Anticonvulsants: pharmacotherapeutic issues in the critically ill patient. ( Dupuis, RE; Miranda-Massari, J, 1991) |
"Free phenytoin levels were categorized based on the prespecified patient-specific target range, generally between 1." | 1.56 | Evaluation of Fosphenytoin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in the Neurocritical Care Unit. ( Armahizer, M; Noval, M; Seung, H, 2020) |
"This study aimed to re-establish a Population Pharmacokinetic (PPK) model of oral phenytoin to further optimize the individualized medication regimen based on our previous research." | 1.51 | The Evolution of Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Oral Phenytoin for Early Seizure Prophylaxis Post-Craniotomy. ( Ji, S; Jin, H; Li, Z; Song, G; Wang, C, 2019) |
"Antiepileptic prophylaxis reduces early seizures, but their use beyond 1 week does not prevent the development of post-traumatic epilepsy." | 1.43 | Antiepileptic prophylaxis following severe traumatic brain injury within a military cohort. ( Craner, M; Cranley, MR; McGilloway, E, 2016) |
" These findings may guide (1) future experimental studies assessing minimal effective dosing for neuroprotection and anti-epileptogenesis and (2) treatment guideline updates for seizure prophylaxis post-TBI." | 1.42 | Abbreviated levetiracetam treatment effects on behavioural and histological outcomes after experimental TBI. ( Fowler, L; Hurwitz, M; Wagner, AK; Zou, H, 2015) |
" Future studies are needed to look at the dosing and monitoring of phenytoin and/or alternative anti-seizure prophylaxis in patients with traumatic brain injury." | 1.42 | Anti-seizure prophylaxis in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury in an intensive care unit. ( Chapman, MJ; Edwards, S; Milne, D; Shakib, S; Sundararajan, K, 2015) |
"Two patients experienced posttraumatic seizure, 1 in each group." | 1.39 | Changing trends in the use of seizure prophylaxis after traumatic brain injury: a shift from phenytoin to levetiracetam. ( Goodwin, H; Harris, LH; Haut, ER; Kornbluth, J; Kruer, RM; Slater, LA; Thomas, KP, 2013) |
"Acute seizures frequently occur following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have been associated with poor patient prognosis." | 1.39 | Ethosuximide and phenytoin dose-dependently attenuate acute nonconvulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury in rats. ( Lu, XC; Marcsisin, SR; Melendez, V; Mountney, A; Potter, B; Shear, DA; Sousa, J; Tortella, FC, 2013) |
"fosphenytoin (fos-PHT) seizure prevention trial (NCT00618436)." | 1.38 | Initial EEG predicts outcomes in a trial of levetiracetam vs. fosphenytoin for seizure prevention. ( Lindsell, CJ; Shutter, LA; Steinbaugh, LA; Szaflarski, JP, 2012) |
"Patients who develop early seizures: 40% good outcome, 50% poor outcome, and 10% death." | 1.37 | Cost-utility analysis of levetiracetam and phenytoin for posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis. ( Cotton, BA; Holcomb, JB; Kao, LS; Kozar, R, 2011) |
" As such, we assessed the effect of daily chronic administration (75 mg/kg day 0 followed by 50 mg/kg daily i." | 1.37 | Dilantin therapy in an experimental model of traumatic brain injury: effects of limited versus daily treatment on neurological and behavioral recovery. ( Burnett, T; Chen, X; Chuang, J; Cummings, EE; Darrah, SD; Darrah, SH; Galang, GN; Mohler, LM; Reyes-Littaua, MC; Wagner, AK, 2011) |
"This case reveals the clinical significance of genetic polymorphisms and the effect on phenytoin dosage requirements." | 1.35 | Phenytoin toxicity due to genetic polymorphism. ( Bullock, MR; McCluggage, LK; Voils, SA, 2009) |
" This has implications for dosing regimens relying on plasma phenytoin levels." | 1.33 | Free phenytoin concentration measurement in brain extracellular fluid: a pilot study. ( Belli, A; Kitchen, N; Patsalos, P; Petzold, A; Ratnaraj, N; Russo, S; Sen, J; Smith, M; Tisdall, M, 2006) |
"Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a drug-induced, rare, but life-threatening skin eruption." | 1.31 | Toxic epidermal necrolysis after phenytoin usage in a brain trauma patient. ( Kuwert, C; Schummer, C; Schummer, W, 2002) |
"Phenytoin levels were assessed in relation to the type of feeding and serum albumin levels." | 1.31 | Problems with phenytoin administration in neurology/neurosurgery ITU patients receiving enteral feeding. ( Kitchen, D; Smith, D, 2001) |
" No significant difference was found in phenytoin dosage per kg of body weight, protein intakes, calcium, magnesium and sodium per 24 hours between the means for the two groups." | 1.30 | Serum phenytoin levels of patients on gastrostomy tube feeding. ( Faraji, B; Yu, PP, 1998) |
"Phenytoin treatment prevented the occurrence of convulsive and EEG seizures; however, lipid peroxidation was unaffected (16." | 1.27 | Effect of phenytoin and corticosteroids on seizures and lipid peroxidation in experimental posttraumatic epilepsy. ( Triggs, WJ; Willmore, LJ, 1984) |
" Maintenance dosage adjustments, when necessary, are based on serial plasma concentrations of the drug." | 1.26 | Posttraumatic epilepsy prophylaxis. ( Brooks, WH; Madauss, W; Norton, JA; Rapp, R; Young, B, 1979) |
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 26 (28.57) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 16 (17.58) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 19 (20.88) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 28 (30.77) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 2 (2.20) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
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Arabacı Tamer, S | 1 |
Koyuncuoğlu, T | 1 |
Karagöz Köroğlu, A | 1 |
Akakın, D | 1 |
Yüksel, M | 1 |
Yeğen, BÇ | 1 |
Li, Z | 1 |
Wang, C | 1 |
Ji, S | 1 |
Jin, H | 1 |
Song, G | 1 |
Noval, M | 1 |
Seung, H | 1 |
Armahizer, M | 1 |
Chaari, A | 1 |
Mohamed, AS | 1 |
Abdelhakim, K | 1 |
Kauts, V | 1 |
Casey, WF | 1 |
Zhao, L | 1 |
Wu, YP | 1 |
Qi, JL | 1 |
Liu, YQ | 1 |
Zhang, K | 1 |
Li, WL | 1 |
Inaba, K | 1 |
Menaker, J | 1 |
Branco, BC | 1 |
Gooch, J | 1 |
Okoye, OT | 1 |
Herrold, J | 1 |
Scalea, TM | 1 |
Dubose, J | 1 |
Demetriades, D | 1 |
Kruer, RM | 1 |
Harris, LH | 1 |
Goodwin, H | 1 |
Kornbluth, J | 1 |
Thomas, KP | 1 |
Slater, LA | 1 |
Haut, ER | 1 |
DeDea, L | 1 |
Mountney, A | 1 |
Shear, DA | 1 |
Potter, B | 1 |
Marcsisin, SR | 1 |
Sousa, J | 1 |
Melendez, V | 1 |
Tortella, FC | 1 |
Lu, XC | 1 |
Empey, PE | 1 |
Velez de Mendizabal, N | 1 |
Bell, MJ | 1 |
Bies, RR | 1 |
Anderson, KB | 1 |
Kochanek, PM | 1 |
Adelson, PD | 1 |
Poloyac, SM | 1 |
Agbeko, RS | 1 |
Forsyth, R | 1 |
Bhullar, IS | 1 |
Johnson, D | 1 |
Paul, JP | 1 |
Kerwin, AJ | 1 |
Tepas, JJ | 1 |
Frykberg, ER | 1 |
Pastore, V | 1 |
Wasowski, C | 1 |
Higgs, J | 1 |
Mangialavori, IC | 1 |
Bruno-Blanch, LE | 1 |
Marder, M | 1 |
Gabriel, WM | 1 |
Rowe, AS | 1 |
Zou, H | 1 |
Hurwitz, M | 1 |
Fowler, L | 1 |
Wagner, AK | 2 |
Cranley, MR | 1 |
Craner, M | 1 |
McGilloway, E | 1 |
Sundararajan, K | 1 |
Milne, D | 1 |
Edwards, S | 1 |
Chapman, MJ | 1 |
Shakib, S | 1 |
Li, JN | 1 |
Chen, YM | 1 |
Darbar, A | 1 |
Stevens, RT | 1 |
Siddiqui, AH | 1 |
McCasland, JS | 1 |
Hodge, CJ | 1 |
Milligan, TA | 1 |
Hurwitz, S | 1 |
Bromfield, EB | 1 |
Jones, KE | 1 |
Puccio, AM | 1 |
Harshman, KJ | 1 |
Falcione, B | 1 |
Benedict, N | 1 |
Jankowitz, BT | 1 |
Stippler, M | 1 |
Fischer, M | 1 |
Sauber-Schatz, EK | 1 |
Fabio, A | 1 |
Darby, JM | 1 |
Okonkwo, DO | 1 |
McCluggage, LK | 1 |
Voils, SA | 1 |
Bullock, MR | 1 |
Temkin, NR | 6 |
Maconochie, I | 2 |
Ross, M | 2 |
Szaflarski, JP | 2 |
Sangha, KS | 1 |
Lindsell, CJ | 2 |
Shutter, LA | 2 |
Darrah, SD | 1 |
Darrah, SH | 1 |
Chuang, J | 1 |
Mohler, LM | 1 |
Chen, X | 1 |
Cummings, EE | 1 |
Burnett, T | 1 |
Reyes-Littaua, MC | 1 |
Galang, GN | 1 |
Gross, AK | 1 |
Norman, J | 1 |
Cook, AM | 1 |
Pinder, C | 1 |
Young, C | 1 |
Cotton, BA | 1 |
Kao, LS | 1 |
Kozar, R | 1 |
Holcomb, JB | 1 |
Debenham, S | 1 |
Sabit, B | 1 |
Saluja, RS | 1 |
Lamoureux, J | 1 |
Bajsarowicz, P | 1 |
Maleki, M | 1 |
Marcoux, J | 1 |
Berdichevsky, Y | 1 |
Dzhala, V | 1 |
Mail, M | 1 |
Staley, KJ | 1 |
Pieracci, FM | 1 |
Moore, EE | 1 |
Beauchamp, K | 1 |
Tebockhorst, S | 1 |
Barnett, CC | 1 |
Bensard, DD | 1 |
Burlew, CC | 1 |
Biffl, WL | 1 |
Stoval, RT | 1 |
Johnson, JL | 1 |
Steinbaugh, LA | 1 |
Zafar, SN | 1 |
Khan, AA | 1 |
Ghauri, AA | 1 |
Shamim, MS | 1 |
Klein, P | 1 |
Herr, D | 1 |
Pearl, PL | 1 |
Natale, J | 1 |
Levine, Z | 1 |
Nogay, C | 1 |
Sandoval, F | 1 |
Trzcinski, S | 1 |
Atabaki, SM | 1 |
Tsuchida, T | 1 |
van den Anker, J | 1 |
Soldin, SJ | 1 |
He, J | 1 |
McCarter, R | 1 |
Schummer, W | 1 |
Schummer, C | 1 |
Kuwert, C | 1 |
Chang, BS | 1 |
Lowenstein, DH | 1 |
BARTUSKA, DG | 1 |
JANZ, D | 1 |
KAUTZ, G | 1 |
Latronico, N | 1 |
Cagnazzi, E | 1 |
Tisdall, M | 1 |
Russo, S | 1 |
Sen, J | 1 |
Belli, A | 1 |
Ratnaraj, N | 1 |
Patsalos, P | 1 |
Petzold, A | 1 |
Kitchen, N | 1 |
Smith, M | 1 |
Teasell, R | 1 |
Bayona, N | 1 |
Lippert, C | 1 |
Villamere, J | 1 |
Hellings, C | 1 |
Bratton, SL | 1 |
Chestnut, RM | 1 |
Ghajar, J | 1 |
McConnell Hammond, FF | 1 |
Harris, OA | 1 |
Hartl, R | 1 |
Manley, GT | 1 |
Nemecek, A | 1 |
Newell, DW | 3 |
Rosenthal, G | 1 |
Schouten, J | 1 |
Shutter, L | 1 |
Timmons, SD | 1 |
Ullman, JS | 1 |
Videtta, W | 1 |
Wilberger, JE | 1 |
Wright, DW | 1 |
McCrea, SM | 1 |
Rapp, RP | 4 |
Norton, JA | 5 |
Young, B | 6 |
Tibbs, PA | 3 |
Haack, D | 4 |
Walsh, JW | 1 |
Johnson, AL | 2 |
Harris, P | 2 |
McQueen, JK | 2 |
Blackwood, DH | 2 |
Kalbag, RM | 2 |
Hagel, KH | 1 |
Vanscheidt, W | 1 |
Martin, L | 1 |
Trimble, MR | 1 |
Willmore, LJ | 1 |
Triggs, WJ | 1 |
Baratz, R | 1 |
Mesulam, MM | 1 |
Karbowski, K | 2 |
Bean, JR | 2 |
Smith, KR | 1 |
Goulding, PM | 1 |
Wilderman, D | 1 |
Goldfader, PR | 1 |
Holterman-Hommes, P | 1 |
Wei, F | 1 |
Markowsky, SJ | 1 |
Skaar, DJ | 1 |
Christie, JM | 1 |
Eyer, SD | 1 |
Ehresman, DJ | 1 |
Kennedy, MC | 1 |
Moran, JL | 1 |
Fearnside, M | 1 |
Morris, RG | 1 |
Upton, RN | 1 |
Chivell, W | 1 |
Tobin, B | 1 |
Berg, AT | 1 |
Shinnar, S | 1 |
Haltiner, AM | 2 |
Winn, HR | 4 |
Dikmen, SS | 3 |
Faraji, B | 1 |
Yu, PP | 1 |
Anderson, GD | 2 |
Wilensky, AJ | 1 |
Holmes, MD | 1 |
Cohen, W | 1 |
Nelson, P | 1 |
Awan, A | 1 |
Lin, Y | 1 |
Fischer, JH | 1 |
Stowe, CD | 1 |
Lee, KR | 1 |
Storgion, SA | 1 |
Phelps, SJ | 1 |
Tobias, JD | 1 |
Johnson, JO | 1 |
Kitchen, D | 1 |
Smith, D | 1 |
Hunt, EA | 1 |
Wohns, RN | 1 |
Wyler, AR | 1 |
Rapp, R | 1 |
Brooks, WH | 1 |
Madauss, W | 1 |
Glötzner, FL | 1 |
Caveness, WF | 2 |
McDonald, JW | 1 |
Trescher, WH | 1 |
Johnston, MV | 1 |
Eisenschmid, B | 1 |
Friedrich, M | 1 |
Wroblewski, BA | 1 |
Guidos, A | 1 |
Leary, J | 1 |
Joseph, AB | 1 |
Pechadre, JC | 1 |
Lauxerois, M | 1 |
Colnet, G | 1 |
Commun, C | 1 |
Dimicoli, C | 1 |
Bonnard, M | 1 |
Gibert, J | 1 |
Chabannes, J | 1 |
Dupuis, RE | 1 |
Miranda-Massari, J | 1 |
Massagli, TL | 1 |
Heikkinen, ER | 1 |
Rönty, HS | 1 |
Tolonen, U | 1 |
Pyhtinen, J | 1 |
Ziegler, MG | 1 |
Morrissey, EC | 1 |
Marshall, LF | 1 |
Ott, L | 1 |
Dempsey, R | 1 |
Tibbs, P | 1 |
Hassett, JM | 1 |
Doolittle, T | 1 |
Molloy, M | 1 |
Lalka, D | 1 |
Sneed, RC | 1 |
Morgan, WT | 1 |
Borromei, A | 1 |
Caramelli, R | 1 |
Cipriani, G | 1 |
Giancola, LC | 1 |
Guerra, L | 1 |
Lozito, A | 1 |
Friedlander, WJ | 1 |
Rish, BL | 1 |
Swinyard, EA | 1 |
Ide, CH | 1 |
Webb, RW | 1 |
Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Levetiracetam Treatment of Neonatal Seizures: A Multi-Centre Randomized Blinded Controlled Study of the Efficacy of Oral Levetiracetam as First Line Treatment for Neonatal Seizures in China[NCT02550028] | Phase 1/Phase 2 | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-09-01 | Terminated (stopped due to The study was concluded as planned upon reaching its predetermined endpoint, which included the completion of data collection and achievement of the necessary sample size for statistical significance.) | ||
A Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Levetiracetam Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury[NCT04836481] | 20 participants (Anticipated) | Observational | 2021-01-01 | Recruiting | |||
Does Short-Term Anti-Seizure Prophylaxis After Traumatic Brain Injury Decrease Seizure Rates?[NCT03054285] | Phase 4 | 2,300 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2017-07-01 | Recruiting | ||
Pilot Study of Seizure Prophylaxis With Levetiracetam in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage[NCT01935908] | Phase 4 | 0 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-05-31 | Withdrawn (stopped due to no funding) | ||
A Pilot Study of NSICU Assessment of Seizure Prophylaxis With Lacosamide[NCT01110187] | 11 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-05-31 | Terminated (stopped due to Lack of enrollement) | |||
Assessment of Seizure Prophylaxis Protocols Using Intravenous Levetiracetam in a Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit[NCT00618436] | Phase 4 | 52 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2007-08-31 | Completed | ||
Pilot: Levetiracetam to Prevent Post-Traumatic Epilepsy[NCT01463033] | Phase 2 | 126 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2005-04-30 | Completed | ||
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] |
The primary outcome measure is the incidence of clinical adverse events. These will be followed by daily clinical observations during the hospital stay. Subjects will be evaluated for e.g., seizures, fever, neurological changes, cardiovascular, hematologic and dermatologic abnormalities, liver failure, renal failure, and death; EKGs will be requested as per ICU routines through day 7. (NCT01110187)
Timeframe: baseline to 7 days
Intervention | number of events experienced (Number) |
---|---|
IV LCM | 12 |
IV fPHT | 21 |
Number of seizures in the first 72 hours based on EEG recording (NCT01110187)
Timeframe: baseline to 72 hours
Intervention | number of participants with seizures (Number) |
---|---|
IV LCM | 0 |
IV fPHT | 0 |
This was the number of patients in each group who demonstrated seizure activity during the course of the study (NCT00618436)
Timeframe: Duration of study, up to 6 months after the injury
Intervention | Participants (Number) |
---|---|
Levetiracetam | 5 |
Phenytoin | 3 |
The Disability rating scale (DRS) is frequently used in the rehabilitation literature as a measure of disability. It is a reliable, easily performed test that assesses 8 items (eye opening, verbalization, motor response, feeding, toileting, grooming, level of functioning, employability), and assigns each a numerical score ranging from 0 - 5 based on the category. The domains these 8 items are felt to assess include: alertness, cognition for self-care, dependence, and psychosocial adaptability. The scoring range is from 0-30, with increasing disability levels assigned to higher numerical values. The total DRS is then dichotomized into favorable (disability = none, mild, partial or moderate disability) and unfavorable (disability = moderately severe, severe, extremely severe, vegetative state, extreme vegetative state, death) outcomes. A DRS score of 0-6 was favorable, with any score greater than 6 categorized as unfavorable. (NCT00618436)
Timeframe: Discharge; 3 and 6 months following injury
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
At Discharge | At 3 months | At 6 months | |
Levetiracetam | 24 | 15 | 17 |
Phenytoin | 23 | 13 | 9 |
This is an 8 point validated scale that measures disability after brain injury. It is assessed through an in person exam or by phone interview at hospital discharge, 3 months and 6 months after injury. The categories are: 1 = dead; 2 = vegetative state; 3 = severe disability, low level; 4 = severe disability, high level; 5 = moderate disability, low level; 6 = moderate disability, high level; 7 = good recovery - low level; 8 = good recovery - high level. Specific questions and activities are assessed to determine into which category the patient falls. (NCT00618436)
Timeframe: at discharge; 3 and 6 months following injury
Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
At Discharge | At 3 months | At 6 months | |
Levetiracetam | 2 | 3 | 3 |
Phenytoin | 2 | 3 | 3 |
occurrence of PTE (Post-Traumatic Epilepsy) (NCT01463033)
Timeframe: 2 years
Intervention | participants (Number) |
---|---|
Levetiracetam | 6 |
Observational | 8 |
The 66 subjects with acute head injury with a high risk for developing post-traumatic epilepsy that received levetiracetam 55 mg/kg/day in a b.i.d. were monitored for adverse events through the 30 day treatment period. (NCT01463033)
Timeframe: 30 day treatment period
Intervention | Events (Number) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Headache | Fatigue | Drowsiness | Memory Impairment | Amnesia | Pain | Irritability | Dizziness | Anorexia | Emotional lability | Insomnia | Cognitive changes | Ataxia | Depression | Hostility | Vertigo | Nausea | Cough | Nervousness | Paraesthesia | Weight gain | Hallucinations | Other | Diplopia | Suicidality | Psychosis | |
Participants | 28 | 28 | 20 | 9 | 8 | 15 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
21 reviews available for phenytoin and Brain Injuries
Article | Year |
---|---|
Levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis in brain injured patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Humans; Levetiracetam; Phenytoin; Piracetam; Post-Exposure Prophyla | 2017 |
Efficacy of levetiracetam compared with phenytoin in prevention of seizures in brain injured patients: A meta-analysis.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Humans; Levetiracetam; Phenytoin; Seizures | 2018 |
[Comparisons of efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis in patients with brain injury: a meta analysis].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Humans; Levetiracetam; Phenytoin; Piracetam; Randomized Controlled | 2016 |
Preventing and treating posttraumatic seizures: the human experience.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Therapy, Combination; E | 2009 |
Head injury (moderate to severe).
Topics: Acute Disease; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Craniocerebral Trauma; Glasgow Coma Scale; Humans; H | 2007 |
Head injury (moderate to severe).
Topics: Acute Disease; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Coma; Craniocerebral Trauma; Glasgow | 2010 |
Contemporary pharmacologic issues in the management of traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Disease Management; Humans; Intracranial Hypertension; Oxygen Consumption; | 2010 |
Adverse cognitive effects of phenytoin in severe brain injury: a case report.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Phenytoin; T | 2011 |
Phenytoin versus Leviteracetam for seizure prophylaxis after brain injury - a meta analysis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain Injuries; Causality; Comorbidity; Convulsants; Female; Humans; Levetiracetam; Mal | 2012 |
Practice parameter: antiepileptic drug prophylaxis in severe traumatic brain injury: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Child; Controlled Cli | 2003 |
Post-traumatic seizure disorder following acquired brain injury.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Child; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Female; H | 2007 |
[The post-traumatic epilepsy (author's transl)].
Topics: Brain Concussion; Brain Injuries; Brain Neoplasms; Carbamazepine; Diagnostic Errors; Electroencephal | 1981 |
Do seizures beget seizures? An assessment of the clinical evidence in humans.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Humans; Phenytoin; Seizures; Seizures, Febri | 1997 |
Antiepileptogenesis and seizure prevention trials with antiepileptic drugs: meta-analysis of controlled trials.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Diseases; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; | 2001 |
Phenytoin in traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Child; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; M | 2002 |
[The psycho-motor epilepsy (author's transl)].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Diseases in Twins; | 1978 |
Anticonvulsants: pharmacotherapeutic issues in the critically ill patient.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Central Nervous System Diseases; Ep | 1991 |
Neurobehavioral effects of phenytoin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid: implications for use in traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Barbiturates; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Cognition; Contraindications; Humans; Phenytoin; Valpro | 1991 |
[Neurotraumatology and post-traumatic epilepsy. Prevention, treatment and long-term follow-up. Barbexaclone + phenobarbital (maliasin) versus diphenylhydantoin, phenobarbital, primidone, carbamazepine].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug The | 1987 |
Epilepsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Amphetamine; Anesthetics, Local; Anticonvulsants; Ba | 1967 |
Laboratory evaluation of antiepileptic drugs. Review of laboratory methods.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Biological Assay; Brain Injuries; Diagnosis; Electroconvulsive Therapy; El | 1969 |
14 trials available for phenytoin and Brain Injuries
Article | Year |
---|---|
A prospective multicenter comparison of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for early posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Dose-Response Relations | 2013 |
A prospective multicenter comparison of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for early posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Dose-Response Relations | 2013 |
A prospective multicenter comparison of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for early posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Dose-Response Relations | 2013 |
A prospective multicenter comparison of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for early posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Dose-Response Relations | 2013 |
Therapeutic hypothermia decreases phenytoin elimination in children with traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hypothermia, I | 2013 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Prospective, randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intravenous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Levetiracetam; Male; | 2010 |
Results of phase 2 safety and feasibility study of treatment with levetiracetam for prevention of posttraumatic epilepsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Child; Chr | 2012 |
Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent post-traumatic seizures in children.
Topics: Brain Injuries; Child; Double-Blind Method; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hum | 1983 |
Low risk of late post-traumatic seizures following severe head injury: implications for clinical trials of prophylaxis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain Injuries; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cranioce | 1983 |
Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent early posttraumatic seizures.
Topics: Brain Injuries; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Phenytoin; Placebos; Random Allocation; S | 1983 |
Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent late posttraumatic seizures.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Injuries; Child; Child, Preschool; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Mal | 1983 |
Neurobehavioral effects of phenytoin and carbamazepine in patients recovering from brain trauma: a comparative study.
Topics: Adult; Attention; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Cognition; Double-Blind Method; Emotions; Female; H | 1994 |
The impact of posttraumatic seizures on 1-year neuropsychological and psychosocial outcome of head injury.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Injuries; Double-Blind Method; Epilepsy, Post-T | 1996 |
Side effects and mortality associated with use of phenytoin for early posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Double-Blind Method; Drug Hypersensitivity; Humans; Incidence; Phen | 1999 |
Valproate therapy for prevention of posttraumatic seizures: a randomized trial.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Brain Injuries; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver | 1999 |
Altered phenytoin pharmacokinetics in children with severe, acute traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; | 2000 |
[Prevention of late post-traumatic epilepsy by phenytoin in severe brain injuries. 2 years' follow-up].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Injuries; Child; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Human | 1991 |
56 other studies available for phenytoin and Brain Injuries
Article | Year |
---|---|
Nesfatin-1 ameliorates oxidative brain damage and memory impairment in rats induced with a single acute epileptic seizure.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Epilepsy; Glutathione; Male; Memory Disorders; Neuroprotec | 2022 |
The Evolution of Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Oral Phenytoin for Early Seizure Prophylaxis Post-Craniotomy.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Craniotomy; Cytochrome P-450 CYP | 2019 |
Evaluation of Fosphenytoin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in the Neurocritical Care Unit.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain Injuries; Critical Care; Dose-Response Relationshi | 2020 |
Changing trends in the use of seizure prophylaxis after traumatic brain injury: a shift from phenytoin to levetiracetam.
Topics: Abbreviated Injury Scale; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Levetiracetam; Mal | 2013 |
Phenytoin or levetiracetam for seizure prophylaxis in TBI.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Humans; Levetiracetam; Phenytoin; Piracetam; Seizures | 2012 |
Ethosuximide and phenytoin dose-dependently attenuate acute nonconvulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Injuries; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalog | 2013 |
High level alert! Modeling temperature and phenytoin: appropriate risk management or virtual reality?
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Phenytoin | 2013 |
More harm than good: antiseizure prophylaxis after traumatic brain injury does not decrease seizure rates but may inhibit functional recovery.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Glasgow Coma Scale; Head Injuries, Closed; Humans; M | 2014 |
A synthetic bioisoster of trimethadione and phenytoin elicits anticonvulsant effect, protects the brain oxidative damage produced by seizures and exerts antidepressant action in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Flunitrazep | 2014 |
Long-term comparison of GOS-E scores in patients treated with phenytoin or levetiracetam for posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis after traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Female; Humans; Levetiracetam; Male; Mental Status Sch | 2014 |
Abbreviated levetiracetam treatment effects on behavioural and histological outcomes after experimental TBI.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Contusions; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug | 2015 |
Antiepileptic prophylaxis following severe traumatic brain injury within a military cohort.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Case-Control Studies; Chemoprevention; Cohort | 2016 |
Anti-seizure prophylaxis in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury in an intensive care unit.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Critical Illness; Female; Humans; Intensive Care Units | 2015 |
Pharmacological modulation of cortical plasticity following kainic acid lesion in rat barrel cortex.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebral Cortex; Dextro | 2008 |
Efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam versus phenytoin after supratentorial neurosurgery.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Injuries; Drug Tolerance; Drug-Related | 2008 |
Levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis in severe traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Adult; Brain Injuries; Cohort Studies; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Female; Hum | 2008 |
Phenytoin toxicity due to genetic polymorphism.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Brain Injuries; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; Epilepsy; F | 2009 |
Dilantin therapy in an experimental model of traumatic brain injury: effects of limited versus daily treatment on neurological and behavioral recovery.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Brain; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; GAP-43 Protein; Male; Maz | 2011 |
Cost-utility analysis of levetiracetam and phenytoin for posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Trees; Female; Glasgow Outco | 2011 |
A critical look at phenytoin use for early post-traumatic seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; F | 2011 |
Interictal spikes, seizures and ictal cell death are not necessary for post-traumatic epileptogenesis in vitro.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Cell Death; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino | 2012 |
A cost-minimization analysis of phenytoin versus levetiracetam for early seizure pharmacoprophylaxis after traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Cost Control; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Trees; Drug Co | 2012 |
Initial EEG predicts outcomes in a trial of levetiracetam vs. fosphenytoin for seizure prevention.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Disability Evaluation; | 2012 |
Initial EEG predicts outcomes in a trial of levetiracetam vs. fosphenytoin for seizure prevention.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Disability Evaluation; | 2012 |
Initial EEG predicts outcomes in a trial of levetiracetam vs. fosphenytoin for seizure prevention.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Disability Evaluation; | 2012 |
Initial EEG predicts outcomes in a trial of levetiracetam vs. fosphenytoin for seizure prevention.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Disability Evaluation; | 2012 |
Toxic epidermal necrolysis after phenytoin usage in a brain trauma patient.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anticonvulsants; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Critic | 2002 |
HYPERTRICHOSIS IN A BRAIN DAMAGED CHILD.
Topics: Black People; Brain; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Injuries; Child; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertrichosis | 1963 |
[ETIOLOGY AND THERAPY OF STATUS EPILEPTICUS].
Topics: Abortion, Septic; Anticonvulsants; Birth Injuries; Brain Injuries; Brain Neoplasms; Chloral Hydrate; | 1963 |
Antiepileptic drug prophylaxis in severe traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Glasgow Coma Scale; Humans; Hypnotics and | 2003 |
Free phenytoin concentration measurement in brain extracellular fluid: a pilot study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Chemistry; Brain Injuries; Epilepsy; Extracellular Fluid; | 2006 |
Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. XIII. Antiseizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Humans; Phenytoin; Seizures; Time Factors; Valproic Acid | 2007 |
Measurement of recovery after traumatic brain injury: a cognitive-neuropsychological comparison of the WAIS-R with the cognitive assessment system (CAS) in a single case of atypical language lateralization.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Attention; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic; Cognition; Consci | 2007 |
Cutaneous reactions in head-injured patients receiving phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain Injuries; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Exfoliative; Drug Erup | 1983 |
Phenytoin prophylaxis for posttraumatic seizures.
Topics: Brain Injuries; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Humans; Phenytoin | 1983 |
[Drug prevention of traumatic epilepsy. Case report].
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Humans; Male; Phenytoin | 1983 |
Dementia in epilepsy.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Dementia; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Humans; Middle | 1984 |
Effect of phenytoin and corticosteroids on seizures and lipid peroxidation in experimental posttraumatic epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Chlorides; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Ferric Compounds; Lipid Peroxi | 1984 |
Adult-onset stuttering treated with anticonvulsants.
Topics: Adult; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Female; H | 1981 |
Phenytoin protein binding and dosage requirements during acute and convalescent phases following brain injury.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; APACHE; Brain Injuries; Convalescence; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; In | 1996 |
Drugs and brain death.
Topics: Adult; Australia; Brain Death; Brain Injuries; Cause of Death; Coroners and Medical Examiners; Epile | 1996 |
Serum phenytoin levels of patients on gastrostomy tube feeding.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Clinical Nursing Research; Constriction; D | 1998 |
Incidence of intravenous site reactions in neurotrauma patients receiving valproate or phenytoin.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Chi-Square Distribution; Double-Blind Method; Female; | 2000 |
Rapacuronium administration to patients receiving phenytoin or carbamazepine.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Brain Neoplasms; Carbamazepine; Craniotomy; Drug Interaction | 2001 |
Problems with phenytoin administration in neurology/neurosurgery ITU patients receiving enteral feeding.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Biological Availability; Brain Injuries; Enteral Nutrition; Female; Hospital | 2001 |
Prophylactic phenytoin in severe head injuries.
Topics: Adult; Brain Injuries; Craniocerebral Trauma; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Female; Humans; Male; Phenyt | 1979 |
Posttraumatic epilepsy prophylaxis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Injuries; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Female; Humans | 1979 |
[Epilepsy--seizures are preventable].
Topics: Adult; Birth Injuries; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Injuries; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Epilepsy; Fema | 1979 |
Epilepsy, a product of trauma in our time.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Craniocerebral Trauma; Environment; Epilepsy, Po | 1976 |
Susceptibility of brain to AMPA induced excitotoxicity transiently peaks during early postnatal development.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Aging; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Aci | 1992 |
[The problem of diffuse cranial hyperostosis following cerebral trauma in early childhood--a case report].
Topics: Brain Injuries; Epilepsy; Humans; Hyperostosis; Male; Middle Aged; Phenytoin | 1992 |
Control of depression with fluoxetine and antiseizure medication in a brain-injured patient.
Topics: Adult; Brain Injuries; Depressive Disorder; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluoxetine; Humans; Male; Phe | 1992 |
Development of posttraumatic epilepsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Atrophy; Brain Injuries; Carbamazepine; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebr | 1990 |
Catecholamine and thyroid hormones in traumatic injury.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Injuries; Burns; Catecholamines; Craniocerebral Trauma; Female; Humans; Mal | 1990 |
Relationship between admission hyperglycemia and neurologic outcome of severely brain-injured patients.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Blood Glucose; Brain Injuries; Dexamethasone; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hyper | 1989 |
Hypersensitivity reaction to anticonvulsants following head injury.
Topics: Adolescent; Brain Injuries; Drug Eruptions; Humans; Male; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin | 1987 |
Interference of oral phenytoin absorption by enteral tube feedings.
Topics: Absorption; Brain Injuries; Child, Preschool; Enteral Nutrition; Female; Humans; Phenytoin; Seizures | 1988 |
Relation of prophylactic medication to the occurrence of early seizures following craniocerebral trauma.
Topics: Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Dexamethasone; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Humans; Military Medicine; Phe | 1973 |
Penetrating transorbital injury with cerebrospinal orbitorrhea.
Topics: Accidents; Adult; Ampicillin; Brain Injuries; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Eye Injuries; Head; Hemorrhage; H | 1971 |