phenylthiourea and Leprosy

Drug trial with CIBA 1906 was conducted in 50 cases of lepromatous leprosy who were intolerant to dapsone therapy. Drug was tolerated well and lepra reactions were infrequent and mild. Clinical improvement was seen in 72% cases whereas no appreciable change was detected in 28% cases. An average reduction of 0.4 in BI was detected in 62% cases, while remaining cases did not show any reduction in BI. No significant side effects were encountered during the study. Antibacterial activity of CIBA 1906 was not found superior to dapsone.

Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Leprostatic Agents; Leprosy; Male; Phenylthiourea

The results of treatment of the group of leprosy patients at the lepromatous side of the leprosy spectrum registered at the Department of Dermatology of the University of Amsterdam in the years 1950-1976 were studied. The average duration of treatment to obtain bacteriologically negative skin biopsies in patients who were untreated at the time of registration, was 5 years. A substantial number of patients suffered a relapse; the main reasons for these relapses were discontinuation of treatment and DDS treatment in low dosage.

Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Clofazimine; Dapsone; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Leprostatic Agents; Leprosy; Netherlands; Phenylthiourea; Recurrence; Rifampin; Time Factors

Over 100 patients with lepromatous leprosy were treated with rifampicin in a series of pilot, uncontrolled, and controlled trials in 1968-77. The rapid bactericidal effect of rifampicin on Mycobacterium leprae was confirmed. Clinical improvement became apparent sometimes as early as 14 days after the start of treatment. Nevertheless, a few persisting viable M leprae were detected as long as five years after the start of treatment with rifampicin either by itself or in combination with the bacteriostatic drug thiambutosine. Treatment with rifampicin and dapsone for six months reduced the number of persisting leprosy bacteria more than treatment with dapsone alone. Although rifampicin proved more effective than dapsone, it is unlikely that used by itself if can significantly shorten the length of treatment in lepromatous leprosy. Therefore initial intensive combined treatment with two or more bactericidal drugs (including rifampicin) warrants further investigation in both untreated leprosy and lepromatous leprosy resistant to dapsone.

Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Humans; Leprosy; Mice; Mycobacterium leprae; Phenylthiourea; Rifampin

Relapse rates were studied in patients from northern Thailand who were started on dapsone monotherapy between 1949 and 1976. Included are a group of patients who, for various reasons, also received combinations of dapsone and thiambutosine, thiacetazone, isoniazid and streptomycin. The overall relapse rate in paucibacillary patients on dapsone monotherapy only was 2.7 per 1000 person-years at risk (PYR) (average observation period 13.9 years). In the multibacillary patients who received dapsone monotherapy only, the relapse rate was 10.5 per 1000 PYR (average observation period 12.4 years). In both groups it was found that 50% of the relapses occurred after the seventh year of follow up. The overall relapse rate in those patients whose treatment included thiambutosine, thiacetazone, isoniazid and/or streptomycin for at least 3 months was 17.9 per 1000 PYR (average observation period 11.9 years). The difference with the multibacillary patients treated with dapsone monotherapy only is not significant. It is concluded that alternative antileprosy drugs included in therapy regimens with dapsone in the pre-MDT era did not result in relapses occurring less often.

Topics: Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Isoniazid; Leprostatic Agents; Leprosy; Male; Phenylthiourea; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Sex Factors; Skin; Streptomycin; Thioacetazone

Leprosy is a rare disease in Bulgaria. There have been 58 cases registered during the last one hundred years. The number of leprous patients in 1980 was 13, most of them came from the northern part of the country. The epidemiological studies indicate, that in some of the cases the infection has been acquired in other countries (South America, Romania, Jugoslavia, The Caucasian region), in most patients, however, the disease has been acquired in Bulgaria by an unknown source of infection. The most frequent clinical form is Lepra lepromatosa and the rarest Lepra indeterminata. All patients have been treated with 4,4-diaminodiphenyl sulphone (DDS), combined with Thiambutosine. The length of treatment depends upon the clinical type of leprosy. The results of the treatment are promising. Only two patient still reveal acid fast bacilli.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bulgaria; Dapsone; Female; Humans; Leprosy; Male; Middle Aged; Phenylthiourea

Topics: Animals; Drug Therapy, Combination; Leprosy; Mice; Phenylthiourea; Sulfamethoxypyridazine; Thioacetazone

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antithyroid Agents; Cell Division; Female; Leprostatic Agents; Leprosy; Methimazole; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium leprae; Phenylthiourea; Propylthiouracil; Species Specificity; Thiazoles; Thiones

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Female; Filariasis; Gene Frequency; Genetics, Population; Humans; India; Leprosy; Male; Middle Aged; Phenylthiourea; Sex Factors; Taste

Topics: Antitubercular Agents; Biomedical Research; Drug Therapy; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Thiourea; Toxicology

Topics: Antitubercular Agents; Drug Therapy; Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Toxicology

Topics: Brazil; Humans; Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Taste; Thiourea; Tuberculosis; White People

Topics: Brazil; Humans; Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Taste; Thiourea; White People

Topics: Humans; Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Sulfones; Taste; Thiourea

Topics: Antitubercular Agents; Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Thiourea

Topics: Empirical Research; Humans; Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Research Design; Thiourea

Topics: Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Thiourea

Topics: Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Thiourea

Topics: Delayed Diagnosis; Leprosy; Medical Records; Phenylthiourea; Thiourea

Topics: Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Thiourea

Topics: Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Thiouracil; Thiourea

Topics: Biphenyl Compounds; Leprosy; Nigeria; Phenylthiourea; Thiourea

Topics: Humans; Leprosy; Phenylthiourea; Thiourea