phenylmercuric-acetate and Abnormalities--Drug-Induced

Tested was the embryotoxic and teratogenic action of the organic mercury compounds (phenyl mercuric acetate), containing 2 per cent mercury, on albino rats. The preparation was introduced orally during pregnancy in the form of a 2 per cent water solution at the following rates: I group--1/8 LD50 (= 4 mg Hg/kg body mass) on the 4th and 5th day of pregnancy; II group--1/3 LD50 (= 10 mg Hg/kg) on the 4th and 5th day too; III group--1/8 LD50 (= 4 mg Hg/kg) from the 3rd to the 19th day; IV group--control animals. The preparation proved to be highly toxic with the animals of the II group, with high mortality rate (42.85 per cent). No teratogenic effect with malformations was produced with the three test groups during embryogenesis.

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo, Mammalian; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; Male; Phenylmercuric Acetate; Phenylmercury Compounds; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

Tested was the embryotoxic and teratogenic action of the organomercurial preparation falizan (a phenyl-mercury acetate), containing 2 per cent mercury, in chick embryos. It was introduced into the viteline sac of 3-day-old embryos in the form of a water solution as follows: Group I--0.1 cm3 per egg of a 13 per cent solution of falizan (= 260 micrograms Hg); group II--0.1 cm3 per egg of a 6.5 per cent solution (= 130 micrograms Hg); group III--0.1 cm3 per egg of redistilled water (biologic control); and group IV--the eggs were left untreated (negative control). The amount of the preparation was adjusted to eggs of 65 + 1 g weight. The optimal growth and development of the embryos was guaranteed with the use of an Optima hatching unit, providing humidity of up to 65 per cent = 89 F. The embryotoxic and teratogenic effect of the preparation was recorded on the 14th and the 20th day of incubation. A dose of 260 micrograms Hg was found to be strongly toxic, mortality rate reaching up to 48 per cent from the 7th to the 14th day. Teratogenically, there were no malformations in the test groups both on the 14th and the 20th day of embryogenesis.

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Chick Embryo; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Fetal Death; Fungicides, Industrial; Organomercury Compounds; Phenylmercuric Acetate; Phenylmercury Compounds; Pregnancy; Time Factors

In a cohort study of 50, 282 pregnancies recruited between 1958 and 1965, there were 462 gravidae who used nonmercurial spermicides (mostly nonoxynol-9 (95% confidence limits, 0.6 to 1.6). There were also 889 women who used phenylmercuric acetate (no longer available as a spermicide); the corresponding rate ratio was 0.9 (0.6 to 1.3). Limb reduction deformities, neoplasms, Down's syndrome, and hypospadias did not occur in excess in children exposed to spermicides.

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Abortion, Spontaneous; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Nonoxynol; Octoxynol; Phenylmercuric Acetate; Polyethylene Glycols; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Spermatocidal Agents

Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of phenyl mercury acetate and methyl mercury chloride were studied on 66 pregnant females of golden hamster, 86 rats, and 62 rabbits. The mercury compounds were given by the stomach tube from the 5th to 12th days of pregnancy once or three times in single doses ranged from 1-6 to 1-2 DL50. The obtained results indicated to the embryotoxic effects of phenyl mercury acetate. This compound induced resorptions, dead foetuses, retardation of the development, diminished cranial ossification, edemata of the body, haematomas and open eyes. The methyl mercury chloride proved to be embryotoxic and teratogenic. The compound produced similar embryotoxic lesions as did phenyl mercury acetate and induced developmental malformations of the foetus (e.g.: encephalocele and hernia spinalis).

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Abnormalities, Multiple; Animals; Cricetinae; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; Fetal Resorption; Fetus; Mesocricetus; Methylmercury Compounds; Phenylmercuric Acetate; Phenylmercury Compounds; Pregnancy; Rabbits; Teratogens