phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Urinary-Tract-Infections

Topics: Air Microbiology; Antisepsis; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Cross Infection; Equipment and Supplies, Hospital; Humans; Length of Stay; Mouth; Nose; Skin; Surgical Wound Infection; Urinary Catheterization; Urinary Tract Infections; Urology

Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Agglutinins; Animals; Antibody Formation; Bacterial Infections; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Erythrasma; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Ketones; Leprosy; Leukocytosis; Nose; Phagocytosis; Rats; Skin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections; Urinary Tract Infections

The aim of this study was to analyze microbiologic screening results of the respiratory tract and urine of patients before and after livingdonor kidney transplant.. We analyzed the clinical screening results of 30 patients before and after living-donor kidney transplant who were treated in the Department of Transplantology at the National Scientific Medical Research Center from 2013 to 2014. Microbiologic screening results from urine, sputum, nasal, and throat tests were included: diagnostically significant concentration of isolates measured 105 colony-forming units/1 mL and above. Identification of isolates and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed with the Vitek 2 Automated System (BioMerieux, 673 620 399 RCS LYON, 69280 Marcy I 'Etoile / France).. Results of routine microbiologic screening before living-donor kidney transplant showed that 29 of 30 patients had isolates at 105 colony-forming units /1 mL and above. In 10 patients (34.4%) isolates were obtained from throat swabs, with Streptococcus pneumoniae being the most frequent infection (37.9%). Results from nasal swabs showed Staphylococcus aureus (10.3%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (17.2%). Sputum results showed that 15 patients had positive cultures (as monoculture in 11 patients and in microbial association in 4 patients). Bacteriuria was found in 4 patients. After transplant, only 6 patients showed isolates at infectious concentrations in microbiologic screening.. Microbiologic screening showed a decreased frequency of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic isolates in patients after living-donor kidney transplant therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce septic complications.

Topics: Adult; Bacteriological Techniques; Colony Count, Microbial; Female; Humans; Kazakhstan; Kidney Transplantation; Living Donors; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Nose; Pharynx; Respiratory System; Respiratory Tract Infections; Risk Factors; Sputum; Treatment Outcome; Urinalysis; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine

In 1985 and 1987 women undergoing Caesarean section were studied for the development of post-catheterization bacteriuria, urinary tract infection and wound infection. In 1985, 34% developed bacteriuria compared to 25% in 1987. Post-catheterization bacteriuria within two days was reduced by improved catheterization techniques. Late urinary tract infection after 5 days occurred in 2% of women in 1985 and 6% in 1987. The commonest bacteria were Escherichia coli and enterococci. Post-catheterization bacteriuria was only confirmed in a second urine specimen in 53%. The incidence of wound infection was 20% in 1985 and 15.8% in 1987 but bacterial pathogens were only isolated from 12.5% and 5.1% respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 60% of infected women. Antimicrobial usage was high in this group of women at 41% in 1985 and 27% in 1987. A significant reduction of usage from 37% to 16% was seen in bacteriologically confirmed infections where the laboratory reports were only issued after examination of a second specimen. However most symptomatic women received treatment. The incidence of post-operative infective complications is high in women having Caesarean section. Careful urethral catheterization techniques are necessary to prevent bacteriuria.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriuria; Cesarean Section; England; Escherichia coli; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Nose; Postoperative Complications; Pregnancy; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Surgical Wound Infection; Urinary Catheterization; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bacterial Vaccines; Culture Media; Cystitis; Enterococcus faecalis; Female; Haemophilus; Humans; Injections, Intradermal; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mouth; Nose; Pharynx; Prostatitis; Proteus; Salmonella; Shigella; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Nose; Tetracycline; Urinary Tract Infections