phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Sexual-Dysfunction--Physiological

We report 21 patients with choanal atresia or ocular coloboma or both who have certain other associated anomalies, including congenital heart disease, postnatal growth deficiency, mental retardation and/or CNS anomalies, microphallus and cryptorchidism, and ear anomalies and/or deafness. Facial palsy, micrognathia, cleft palate, and swallowing difficulties were also common. It has not been possible to define a single etiology or a syndrome in these patients. We propose the mnemonic CHARGE (C-coloboma, H-heart disease, A-atresia choanae, R-retarded growth and retarded development and/or CNS anomalies, G-genital hypoplasia, and E-ear anomalies and/or deafness) to describe the features of this association.

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adult; Central Nervous System; Coloboma; Deafness; Developmental Disabilities; Ear; Eye Abnormalities; Female; Growth Disorders; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Male; Nasopharynx; Nose; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological