phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Rhinitis--Atrophic

Topics: Humans; Nasal Obstruction; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Syndrome; Turbinates

Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is a poorly understood and rare iatrogenic disorder resulting from the destruction of normal nasal tissue. In severe forms, it can be debilitating. In this article, the authors elucidate the distinction between ENS and atrophic rhinitis, and provide a systematic approach to the diagnosis and management of ENS. They urge a judicious and cautious approach to turbinate resection, to help better prevent this sequela of nasal surgery. They state that patients with ENS can be rehabilitated and their quality of life substantially improved with nasal augmentation as a means to help restore nasal anatomy toward the premorbid state.

Topics: Dyspnea; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Nasal Obstruction; Nose; Pulmonary Ventilation; Quality of Life; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Syndrome

.A reduction in nasal airflow associated with anatomical defects of the nose such as nasal septal deviation has been proposed to cause nasal pathology. . The majority of animal experiments where one nasal passage is surgically closed over several months report only minor changes in the histology of the nasal epithelium and no rhinitis or sinusitis. .Complete abolition of nasal airflow associated with laryngectomy or the treatment of atrophic rhinitis is not associated with the development of rhinitis or sinusitis. . Radiological studies have shown a lack of association between the degree of nasal septal deviation and evidence of rhinosinusitis. .Such studies provide evidence that reduced nasal airflow causes no significant nasal disease. . There is no convincing evidence that a reduction in nasal airflow is a causative factor for rhinitis or sinusitis.

Topics: Animals; Humans; Laryngectomy; Nasal Mucosa; Nasal Septum; Nose; Olfaction Disorders; Paranasal Sinuses; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Pulmonary Ventilation; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinomanometry; Sinusitis

Atrophic rhinitis is a chronic, debilitating and recalcitrant disease of the nasal cavities that is prevalent in several parts of the world. It has unique epidemiological features and clinical characteristics. Clinicians and researchers for decades have tried to postulate theories for the aetiology of the primary form of the disease. Management of the disease has seen several medical therapeutic regimens including alternative forms of medicine. Surgical options for the condition are also not completely satisfactory with a number of failures and recurrences. The authors provide here a comprehensive review of the existing literature as regards the aetiology and management of this refractory condition.

Topics: Humans; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Risk Factors

Topics: Airway Resistance; Amines; Animals; Bronchodilator Agents; Child, Preschool; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Microscopy, Electron; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Rats; Respiration; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sinusitis; Time Factors; Toluene

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged; Nasal Septum; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Occupational Diseases; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sex Factors; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Ulcer; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Epistaxis; Europe; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Hypophysectomy; Nasal Cavity; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Papilloma; Paranasal Sinuses; Polyps; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

In this study, we analyze and discuss the treatments of postoperative nasal complications after endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary neoplasms (PNs). We performed 129 endonasal transsphenoidal resections of PNs and analyzed and treated cases with nasal complications. After endonasal transsphenoidal resection of PNs, there were 26 cases of postoperative nasal complications (20.1%), including nasal hemorrhage (4.8%), cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (6.9%), sphenoid sinusitis (2.3%), atrophic rhinitis (1.6%), olfactory disorder (1.6%), perforation of nasal septum (0.8%), and nasal adhesion (2.3%). All patients clinically recovered after therapy, which included treatment of the cavity through nasal endoscopy, intranasal corticosteroids, and nasal irrigation. We propose that regular nasal endoscopic review, specific nasal medications, and regular nasal irrigation can effectively clear nasal mucosal hyperemia-induced edema and nasal/nasoantral secretions, as well as promote regeneration of nasal mucosa, prevent nasal adhesion, maintain the sinus cavity drainage, and accelerate the recovery of the physiological function of the paranasal sinus. Timely treatment of patients with nasal complications after endonasal transsphenoidal resections of PNs could greatly relieve the clinical symptoms. Nasal cleaning is very beneficial to patients after surgery recovery.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aftercare; Aged; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea; Child; Epistaxis; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nasal Lavage; Nasal Mucosa; Nasal Septal Perforation; Nasal Surgical Procedures; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery; Nose; Nose Diseases; Olfactory Nerve Diseases; Paranasal Sinuses; Pituitary Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Recovery of Function; Retrospective Studies; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sphenoid Sinus; Sphenoid Sinusitis; Tissue Adhesions; Young Adult

Ozena, or atrophic rhinitis, is a chronic nasal process seen in Africa, India, and the Middle East. It is marked by the triad of fetid nasal discharge, crusting, and atrophy, and is often associated with Klebsiella infection. We present cases of ozena with nasal Klebsiella in three unrelated patients, including two east African children and one Saudi adult. All three patients grew Klebsiella species in culture and required prolonged treatment with multiple methodologies, including antibiotics, saline rinses, and surgical debridement. They differed greatly in time from presentation to diagnosis, and demonstrated various stages of the disease process. Ozena is rarely seen in the United States, and when it is seen, it is often misdiagnosed. Lack of prompt, adequate treatment can lead to long-term sequelae such as obliteration of nasal architecture, anosmia, sinus and skull base destruction, and social disenfranchisement due to the extreme foul smell of the nasal discharge. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for primary atrophic rhinitis when presented with its classic symptoms. Culture-directed and prolonged therapy with appropriate follow-up is a necessary component of a successful treatment plan.

Topics: Aged; Amoxicillin; Azithromycin; Child; Clavulanic Acid; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Emigrants and Immigrants; Ethiopia; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Infant; Klebsiella; Klebsiella Infections; Male; Nose; Refugees; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Saudi Arabia; Somalia; Treatment Outcome

Atrophic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammation of the nose characterized by an atrophy of the nasal mucosa. This is typically associated with an impaired sense of smell and a subjective sensation of poor nasal breathing. The aim of this study is to assess chemosensory function in patients suffering from AR using psychophysical testings and event-related potentials (ERP) responses. A cohort of nine patients was extensively studied. Eight out of nine had secondary AR sequela of a bilateral total inferior turbinectomy whereas one patient had a primary AR. All the patients had a clinical evaluation using Sniffin' Sticks test and a retro-olfaction test and an electrophysiological evaluation based upon ERPs obtained after both olfactory and trigeminal stimuli. All the patients complained of a poor nasal breathing and presented a distortion of the chemosensory function. Actually, the orthonasal psychophysical testing showed that four patients out of nine had anosmia, three out of nine had hyposmia and two out of nine were normosmic. All the patients demonstrated retro-olfaction scores inferior to the normal values. The chemosensory ERP showed that seven patients had no olfactory response whereas six had no trigeminal response. Four patients had neither olfactory nor trigeminal ERP response. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that most patients with AR secondary to a total bilateral inferior turbinectomy have a reduction of the chemosensory function measured objectively by psychophysical testings and ERP [corrected].

Topics: Adult; Evoked Potentials; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Olfaction Disorders; Olfactory Pathways; Pulmonary Ventilation; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sensory Thresholds; Smell; Trigeminal Nerve

Topics: Animals; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Severity of Illness Index; Swine; Swine Diseases

Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis and Klebsiella ozaenae are associated with chronic diseases of the upper airways: rhinoscleroma and ozena, respectively. These have become uncommon in developed countries. We report herein one case of each disease in patients living in Marseilles, France, and include a review of the literature.. Diagnosis was made by direct evidence of bacteria (specific cultures and autoimmunohistochemistry on nasal biopsy) and using an indirect method (serology). In addition, the literature review showed that the majority of publications were old, confirming the fact that these diseases have been long forgotten.. The specific and original methods used have allowed us to confirm the pathogenic role of K. ozaenae in ozena and confirmed rhinoscleroma in a granulomatous lesion. In the literature, K. rhinoscleromatis is only associated with rhinoscleroma whereas K. ozaenae is also associated with clinical diseases other than chronic rhinitis.. In cases of chronic rhinitis, ozena and rhinoscleroma should be kept in mind, even in developed countries, and systematically screened for, especially as there are specific diagnostic tools and effective treatments available.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoscleroma

Crohn's diseases is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Any part of the gastrointestinal tract may be affected, and 9% of cases have oral lesions (1). Nasal involvement is exceptionally rare. We report a case of nasal involvement revealed by chronic atrophic rhinitis in a patient with known Crohn's disease.

Topics: Adult; Crohn Disease; Female; Humans; Nasal Septum; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The present study comprises 300 cases of epistaxis. The analysis of these cases revealed a higher incidence in young males. Unilateral bleeding was seen in almost 60% each of indoor and outdoor cases. Litte's area was the most common site responsible for epistaxis in 28.8% of the indoor and 26.2% of the outdoor patients. Hypertension was the most common systemic cause among indoor patients (62.2%) and sickle cell disorder among the outdoor patients (37.5%). Atrophic rhinitis with myiasis was the local cause of epistaxis in maximum (27%) of the indoor patients and traumatic epistaxis was the commonest cause (33%) among outdoor patients-fingernail trauma in 75.9% of them. Idiopathic epistaxis contributed for 16.5% indoor and 26.1% of outdoor cases. Intractable epistaxis was seen in one case following accidental facial trauma.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Epistaxis; Facial Injuries; Female; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Hypertension; Incidence; India; Male; Neoplasms; Nose; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Pigs reared in intensive production systems are continuously exposed to ammonia released by the microbial degradation of their excrement. Exposure to this gas has been shown to increase the severity of the disease progressive atrophic rhinitis by facilitating colonization of the pig's upper respiratory tract by Pasteurella multocida. The etiological mechanism responsible for this synergy was investigated by studying the colonization kinetics of P. multocida enhanced by ammonia and comparing them with those evoked by an established disease model. Three-week-old Large White piglets were weaned and allocated to five experimental groups (groups A to E). Pigs in groups A and B were exposed continuously to ammonia at 20 ppm for the first 2 weeks of the study. Pigs in group C were pretreated with 0.5 ml of 1% acetic acid per nostril on days -2 and -1 of the study. On day 0 all the pigs in groups A, C, and D were inoculated with 1.4 x 10(8) toxigenic P. multocida organisms given by the intranasal route. The kinetics of P. multocida colonization were established by testing samples obtained at weekly intervals throughout the study. The study was terminated on day 37, and the extent of turbinate atrophy was determined by using a morphometric index. The results of the study showed that exposure to aerial ammonia for a limited period had a marked effect on the colonization of toxigenic P. multocida in the nasal cavities of pigs, which resulted in the almost total exclusion of commensal flora. In contrast, ammonia had only a limited effect on P. multocida colonization at the tonsil. The exacerbation of P. multocida colonization by ammonia was restricted to the period of ammonia exposure, and the number of P. multocida organisms colonizing the upper respiratory tract declined rapidly upon the cessation of exposure to ammonia. During the exposure period, the ammonia levels in mucus recovered from the nasal cavity and tonsil were found to be 7- and 3.5-fold higher, respectively, than the levels in samples taken from unexposed controls. Acetic acid pretreatment also induced marked colonization of the nasal cavity which, in contrast to that induced by ammonia, persisted throughout the time course of the study. Furthermore, acetic acid pretreatment induced marked but transient colonization of the tonsil. These findings suggest that the synergistic effect of ammonia acts through an etiological mechanism different from that evoked by acetic acid pretreatment. A strong correlat

Topics: Acetic Acid; Administration, Inhalation; Ammonia; Animals; Colony Count, Microbial; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mucus; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Nose Diseases; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurella multocida; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

A challenge-exposure model was developed for dose-dependent induction of subclinical (moderate) atrophic rhinitis (AR) in conventionally raised Dutch Landrace and Large White pigs, about 4 weeks old. Under favorable climatic and housing conditions, pigs were intranasally challenge-exposed with Pasteurella multocida-derived toxin (Pm-T) 3 days after pretreatment by inoculation with 1% acetic acid. Pigs were challenge-exposed with 1 of the following Pm-T doses: 0 (control), 5, 13, 20, or 40 micrograms of Pm-T/ml of phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBSS), 0.5 ml/nostril/d on 3 consecutive days. Five weeks after challenge exposure, subclinical (moderate) AR status was defined as intermediate conchal atrophy (grade 2 for ventral conchae on a 0 to 4 scale and grade 1 or 2 for dorsal conchae on a 0 to 3 scale, respectively) and perceptible difference in change in brachygnathia superior (cBS) between control and challenge-exposed pigs between the beginning and end of the study. All Pm-T-exposed pigs had nasal damage that was dose-dependent. The higher Pm-T doses resulted in higher ventral conchae atrophy and dorsal conchae atrophy scores. The cBS increased with applied Pm-T dose, resulting in significant (P < 0.05) differences between controls (3.88 mm) and the 13-, 20-, and 40-micrograms Pm-T-treated groups (7.77, 6.58, and 7.98 mm, respectively). In response to the applied dose, weight gain per week for Pm-T-exposed pigs was lower than that of controls after week 3 (P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Animals; Atrophy; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Toxins; Nose; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurella multocida; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

A commercial swine herd was selected for study, because pigs at slaughter repeatedly had lung lesions consistent with enzootic pneumonia and had snout lesions typical of atrophic rhinitis. Pigs born during various seasons of the year were allotted to 4 investigations and were evaluated from birth to slaughter. Individual lungs and snouts were identified and collected at the slaughter plant and later examined for gross lesions of bronchopneumonia and atrophic rhinitis, respectively. Each lesion was scored, and the following comparisons were made within investigations: prevalence and mean scores for lung lesions; prevalence and mean grades for snout lesions; correlations between lung lesion scores and growth indicators; correlations between snout lesion grades and growth indicators; and correlations between lung lesion scores and snout grade scores. Included in the growth indicators were average daily gain during the growing phase, average daily gain during the finishing phase, average daily gain during growing and finishing phases, and days to attain 104.5 kg of body weight. Prevalence of lung or snout lesions, mean values for lung lesion scores, mean values for snout lesion grades, and mean values for the various growth indicators were tested for statistical differences among the 4 investigations. Prevalence of lung lesions was highest (96%) for winter-slaughtered and lowest (81%) for autumn-slaughtered pigs. Mean scores for lung lesions were 7% (summer), 5% (autumn), 9% (winter), and 16% (spring). Prevalence of snout lesions was highest (85%) for spring-slaughtered pigs and lowest (42%) for autumn-slaughtered pigs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Abattoirs; Animals; Bronchopneumonia; Lung; Nose; Prevalence; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Seasons; Swine; Swine Diseases; Weight Gain

Primary atrophic rhinitis or ozena is a chronic nasal disease characterized by progressive atrophy of the nasal mucosa and underlying bone, accompanied by the formation of foul smelling, thick, dry crusts in the greatly enlarged nasal cavities. Although the incidence of ozena is greatly diminished in the western world, it is still encountered rarely and merits the attention of the ENT specialist. Hereditary, infectious, developmental, endocrine and nutritional factors have been implicated but the etiology of ozena still remains enigmatic. Numerous surgical and non-surgical methods have been advocated for treatment of ozena. We review our experience with 17 ozena patients in the past 20 years and discuss different modes of treatment. The relevant literature is reviewed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Prostheses and Implants; Recurrence; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Therapeutic Irrigation

Computerised tomography, used as a diagnostic tool for atrophic rhinitis in pigs, facilitated the macroscopic grading of the nasal structures in live pigs of any age. The results of sequential scans in normal and affected pigs are described; transient atrophy of the ventral conchae was observed in one pig.

Topics: Animals; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Partial surgical closure of the nostril was performed in 20 patients suffering from primary atrophic rhinitis, and the effect of the operation on the ultrastructure of the nasal mucosa was studied and analyzed. It was concluded that the operation has a beneficial effect on the nasal mucosa and reverses the basic pathologic alterations in its microanatomy.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Closure of the nostril in atrophic rhinitis is a simple operation. Opening the obturated nose by excising the obturator membrane very often causes stenosis. A new and effective method for opening the nostrils, by means of flaps, is suggested.

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Surgical Flaps

Total inferior turbinectomy has been proposed as a treatment for chronic nasal airway obstruction refractory to other, more conservative, methods of treatment. Traditionally, it has been criticized because of its adverse effects on nasophysiology. In this study, patients who had previously undergone total inferior turbinectomy were evaluated with the use of an extensive questionnaire. It confirms that total inferior turbinectomy carries significant morbidity and should be condemned.

Topics: Adult; Airway Obstruction; Chronic Disease; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Nose; Nose Diseases; Olfaction Disorders; Postoperative Complications; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Turbinates

Topics: Animals; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Germ-Free Life; Nose; Pasteurella; Pasteurella Infections; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

With the use of 16 gnotobiotic piglets inoculated at day 4, 5 and 6 of life with defference concentrations (3.10(4) to 3.10(9) colony forming units of Bordetella bronchiseptica per mL), it was possible to establish a minimal infective dose (3.10(5) CFU/mL). With a lower dose, it was not possible to induce any of the typical gross lesions of atrophic rhinitis. The authors discuss some factors which can modify the infection pressure in the field.

Topics: Agglutination Tests; Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Germ-Free Life; Nasal Bone; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Clinical atrophic rhinitis in seven pig herds could not be associated with the infection rate or higher numbers of B bronchiseptica in nasal swabs when compared with unaffected herds. B bronchiseptica isolates from herds with atrophic rhinitis and receiving sulphonamide medication were resistant to sulphonamides in vitro and there was a beneficial clinical response after changing to oxytetracycline medication. In an unaffected herd three piglets naturally infected with B bronchiseptica but possessing low levels of passive antibody showed marked turbinate hypoplasia when killed at seven weeks, the lesions had resolved in four of six litter mates by 21 weeks and did not occur in another litter of nine piglets which had a high level of passive antibody. The results indicate that although B bronchiseptica can produce non-progressive turbinate changes in pigs that have inadequate antibody protection, the relationship between these lesions and the chronic progressive field disease needs further investigation.

Topics: Animals; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Chloramphenicol; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases; Tetracyclines

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bone Transplantation; Female; Humans; Ilium; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Radiography; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Tibia; Transplantation, Autologous

The piglets of two multiplier herds (M and B) showing clinically apparent atrophic rhinitis (AR) were treated by the nasal-spray method. A solution of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC, 50 mg/ml.) was used as a spray fluid. The course of the disease in the herds was followed by studying the development of foreshortening of the upper jaws in the heads. Brachygnathia superior (BS), from the eighth to tenth week of life. Efforts were made to gain an impression of the effects of treatment on the frequency with which Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida were isolated by bacteriological examination of the nose. Treatment by the nasal-spray method up to an age of approximately five weeks, of seven weeks were treated at least once weekly. The proportion of animals in which the disease was clinically apparent decreased from 25 per cent to 0 per cent in herd M and from 41 per cent to 0 per cent in herd B. Treatment by the nasal-spray method up to an age approximately five weeks, in which feed medicated with OTC was also given up to the age of eight to ten weeks also had a satisfactory effect. The frequency with which Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida were isolated, was reduced by treatment, elimination of these agents was not.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Animals; Bordetella; Nose; Oxytetracycline; Pasteurella; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Porcine infectious atrophic rhinitis is a disease of swine which ought to be of considerable interest to rhinologists. We have reviewed some aspects of human atrophic rhinitis, and some aspects of etiology incidence, pathology and physiology of porcine infectious atrophic rhinitis. Swine with this nasal problem fail rather dramatically, to gain as much weight as unaffected animals. We have speculated on several reasons for this including altered nasal physiology and trigeminal reflexes and reduced olfaction. Photographs of infected pigs are included.

Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Control of infectious atrophic rhinitis in swine breeding herds by culturing of 3 series of nasal swab specimens from each animal, with subsequent elimination of Bordetella bronchiseptica culture-positive animals, was evaluated. Thirteen of 17 (77%) B bronchiseptica-infected herds experiencing clinical atrophic rhinitis were feedic rhinitis were freed of clinical signs of the disease by the use of this nasal culturing procedure. In 15 of 23 (65%) B bronchiseptica-infected herds, pigs were cultured negative for this organism at 4 to 10 weeks of age.

Topics: Animals; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Ninety-five pigs, twelve suffering from atrophic rhinitis, were examined for the presence of protozoans in their nasal cavity. Tritrichomonas suis was isolated only in a single case in a diseased boar representing 1.09% of the set. Amoebae of the Vahlkampfia genus were detected in two pigs (2.1%). The axenic cultures of the two protozoans isolated from the pigs were not pathogenic to laboratory animals. No etiological relation of Tritochomonas suis to atrophic rhinitis was demonstrated.

Topics: Animals; Nasal Cavity; Nose; Protozoan Infections, Animal; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases; Tritrichomonas

The occurrence of Bordetella bronchiseptica and atrophic rhinitis was studied during a one-year period in four Danish sow herds. In three of the heards, the epidemiological studies revealed a relation between the occurrence of B. bronchiseptica in 3--10-week-old pigs and the presence and severity of atrophic rhinitis at slaughter. In the fourth herd no such relation was found.

Topics: Animals; Bordetella; Denmark; Female; Male; Nasal Cavity; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

The x-y-recording system is developed from rhinorheomanometry in written polygraph tracings sharing a common time base. Furthermore, using tracing in a double-logarithmic diagram, the pressure-versus-flow diagram can easily be expressed with a straight line. Using fractional numbers as exponents, a precision is achieved that has previously not been posisible. The pressure-versus-flow diagram of the whole nose can easily be described, by calculation and by tracing, as the diagram of the right and left nasal cavities. The physiological-medical use of the system is shown. In order for the system to be routinely employed, a direct writing apparatus would be necessary.

Topics: Humans; Manometry; Mathematics; Nose; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Nose Diseases; Rheology; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Germ-Free Life; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Swine; Swine Diseases

The use of Proplast as an implant material is described in the treatment of atrophic rhinitis. It offers an alterantive implant material to bone graft obtained from the patient. There is no resutling morbidity in relationship to a donor site.

Topics: Bone Transplantation; Carbon; Female; Humans; Ilium; Nose; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Prostheses and Implants; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Transplantation, Autologous

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Calorimetry; Female; Humans; Nicotinic Acids; Nose; Pellagra; Regional Blood Flow; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoscleroma; Sinusitis; Transplantation, Autologous

Topics: Arteritis; Humans; Methods; Nose; Respiratory Tract Infections; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sympathectomy; Vasomotor System

Topics: Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Methods; Nasal Septum; Nose; Postoperative Care; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Time Factors

Topics: Epistaxis; Humans; Nasal Septum; Nose; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Olfaction Disorders; Postoperative Complications; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoplasty; Sinusitis; Turbinates

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Bordetella; Female; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Nose; Pregnancy; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases; Vaccination

Topics: Basement Membrane; Blood Vessels; Epithelium; Humans; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Animals; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Gentamicins; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sutures; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Epistaxis; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myiasis; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Olfaction Disorders; Postoperative Care; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Agglutination Tests; Alcaligenes; Animals; Bacterial Infections; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases; Turbinates

Topics: Airway Obstruction; Anti-Infective Agents; Cautery; Electrocoagulation; Humans; Methods; Nasal Septum; Nose; Nose Diseases; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoplasty; Sclerosing Solutions; Turbinates

Topics: Agglutination Tests; Animals; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Colostrum; Germ-Free Life; Hysterectomy; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Japan; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Atrophy; Biopsy; Edema; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Mast Cells; Metaplasia; Mucins; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Child; Climacteric; Diarrhea; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Reserpine; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Bacteria; Carrier State; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Diphtheria; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Humans; Larynx; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Nasopharynx; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sex Factors

Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Infections; Iowa; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperplasia; Maxillary Sinus; Methods; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Proteus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sinusitis; Staphylococcus

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Tracheotomy

Topics: Facial Injuries; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Nose; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoplasty; Surgery, Plastic

Topics: Acridines; Common Cold; Cytodiagnosis; DNA; Fluorescent Dyes; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Methods; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Rhinitis, Atrophic; RNA; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Corynebacterium diphtheriae; Diphtheria; Humans; Nose; Pharynx; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Humans; Muscular Atrophy; Nose; Paranasal Sinuses; Radiography; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Cephalometry; Humans; Nose; Nose Diseases; Respiratory Insufficiency; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoplasty

Topics: Aging; Austria; Humans; Inflammation; Japan; Morbidity; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sinusitis; Surgical Procedures, Operative

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anatomy; Edema; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Nasal Mucosa; Nasal Obstruction; Nose; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Physiology; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoplasty

Topics: Adenoids; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Endoscopy; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hypertrophy; Infant; Nasal Mucosa; Nasal Obstruction; Nasal Polyps; Nasopharynx; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Respiratory Insufficiency; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Humans; Larynx; Mucous Membrane; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Pharynx; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sarcoidosis

Topics: Fluorocarbon Polymers; Glycerol; Humans; Nose; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Ointments; Pathology; Polymers; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoplasty; Surgical Instruments

Topics: Humans; Humidity; Nasal Cavity; Nose; Paranasal Sinuses; Respiration; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sinusitis

Topics: Abscess; Adenoids; Foreign Bodies; Hematoma; Humans; Nasal Obstruction; Nasal Polyps; Nasal Septum; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Nose; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Atrophy; Congenital Abnormalities; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus; Maxillary Sinus; Nose; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Skin Diseases; Surgical Procedures, Operative

Topics: Chronic Disease; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Essential; Humans; Nose; Nose Diseases; Pantothenic Acid; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

Topics: Chronic Disease; Headache; Humans; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Otolaryngology; Pain; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Paranasal Sinuses; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sinusitis; Syphilis; Tuberculosis

Topics: Atrophy; Humans; Nose; Polyvinyls; Prostheses and Implants; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoplasty

Topics: Basilar Artery; Facial Paralysis; Humans; Meniere Disease; Migraine Disorders; Nose; Pharynx; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Skin Diseases

Topics: Animals; Atrophy; Autopsy; Endoscopy; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Atrophy; Connective Tissue Diseases; Esthetics; Humans; Medical Records; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Atrophy; Humans; Nasal Septal Perforation; Nasal Septum; Nose; Nose Diseases; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Calcium Carbonate; Humans; Magnesium; Nasal Septum; Nasal Surgical Procedures; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Atrophy; Common Cold; Connective Tissue Diseases; Humans; Nose; Pantothenic Acid; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Skin Diseases

Topics: Atrophy; Humans; Isoniazid; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Skin Diseases; Tuberculosis

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Atrophy; Humans; Nasal Surgical Procedures; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Rhinoplasty; Skin Diseases

Topics: Animals; Nose; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurella multocida; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Animals; Atrophy; Endoscopy; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Animals; Atrophy; Endoscopy; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Atrophy; Blood; Humans; Iron; Nose; Nose Diseases; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Skin Diseases; Ulcer

Topics: Atrophy; Humans; Nasal Surgical Procedures; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Atrophy; Humans; Nose; Respiration; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Atrophy; Humans; Niacin; Nicotinic Acids; Nose; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Vasomotor System

Topics: Animals; Coleoptera; Hemorrhage; Humans; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Animals; Coleoptera; Humans; Nasal Surgical Procedures; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Animals; Coleoptera; Humans; Nasal Surgical Procedures; Nose; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Humans; Nasopharyngitis; Nose; Nose Diseases; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Humans; Nose; Prostheses and Implants; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic