phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Respiratory-Tract-Neoplasms

While nasal cancer is relatively rare among the general population, workers in the nickel refining, leather manufacturing, and furniture building industries exhibit increased incidences of nasal cancer. To investigate the causes of nasal cancer and to design ameliorative strategies, an appropriate animal model for the human upper respiratory regions is required. The present report describes, compares, and assesses the anatomy and physiology of the nasal passages and upper airways of humans, rats, and monkeys for the purpose of determining a relevant animal model in which to investigate potential causes of nasal cancer. Based on the mode of breathing, overall geometry of the nasal passages, relative nasal surface areas, proportions of nasal surfaces lined by various epithelia, mucociliary clearance patterns, and inspiratory airflow routes, the rat, which is very different from humans, is a poor model. In contrast, the monkey exhibits many similarities to humans. Although the monkey does differ from humans in that it exhibits a more rapid respiratory rate, smaller minute and tidal volumes, larger medial turbinate, and a vestibular wing that creates an anterior vortex during inspiration, it offers a more appropriate model for studying the toxic effects of inhaled substances on the nasal passages and extrapolating the findings to humans.

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Haplorhini; Humans; Monkey Diseases; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Pulmonary Ventilation; Rats; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Respiratory System; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms

Male inbred A/J mice immunized by combined ip and intranasal administration of a bovine serum albumin conjugate of 5-fluoro-12-methylbenzanthryl-7-acetic acid developed tracheal antibodies capable of binding the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BP). Immunized mice administered 92 ng of [3H]BP intranasally exhibited a one-third reduction in BP content in respiratory tract tissues (nose and trachea) when compared with control mice 20 hours after BP administration.

Topics: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Benzopyrenes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred A; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Trachea

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bronchi; Bronchial Neoplasms; Child; Demography; Female; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Nasopharynx; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Uganda

Topics: Animals; Brain Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Epithelium; Ethers; Hydrocarbons, Halogenated; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms, Experimental; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Occupational Diseases; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Rats; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms

Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Ethmoid Sinus; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Infant; Lymph Nodes; Male; Maxillary Neoplasms; Mesenchymoma; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nose; Palatal Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Rhabdomyosarcoma

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Nose; Plasmacytoma; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms

Topics: Air Pollution; Anatomy; Body Temperature; Environment; Geography; Humans; Humidity; Mucous Membrane; Neoplasms; Nose; Physiology; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Smoking

Topics: Hemangioma; Humans; Nasal Cavity; Neoplasms; Nose; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms

Topics: Child; Growth; Humans; Infant; Neoplasms; Nose; Respiratory System; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms

Topics: Eustachian Tube; Folic Acid; Humans; Larynx; Neoplasms; Nose; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms

Topics: Humans; Larynx; Multiple Myeloma; Nose; Pharynx; Plasma Cells; Plasmacytoma; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms