phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Pyoderma

Currently, antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP), are frequently isolated from canine superficial pyoderma in Japan. However, little is known regarding the nasal prevalence of MRSP in pet dogs. Here, we determined the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci in nares and affected sites of pet dogs with superficial pyoderma. Of the 125 nares and 108 affected sites of pet dogs with superficial pyoderma, 107 (13 species) and 110 (eight species) staphylococci strains, respectively, were isolated. The isolation rate of S. pseudintermedius from pyoderma sites (82/110 strains, 74.5%) was significantly higher than that from nares (57/107 strains, 53.3%) (P<0.01). Notably, the prevalence of MRSP (18/57 strains, 31.6%) in nares was equivalent to that in pyoderma sites (28/82 strains, 34.1%). Furthermore, the phenotypes and genotypes of antimicrobial resistance in MRSP strains from nares were similar to those from pyoderma sites. Our findings revealed that the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci in the nares of pet dogs with superficial pyoderma is the same level as that in affected sites. Therefore, considerable attention should be paid to the antimicrobial resistance of commensal staphylococci in companion animals.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Japan; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nose; Pets; Prevalence; Pyoderma; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus

Meticillin-resistant staphylococci are significant pathogens in veterinary dermatology, yet longitudinal studies of the impact of routine antimicrobial therapy on emergence or resolution of resistance are lacking.. To determine the prevalence of meticillin-resistant staphylococci on skin and carriage sites in dogs with bacterial pyoderma and evaluate the prevalence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) colonization after successful treatment of pyoderma.. One hundred and seventy-three dogs that presented to a dermatology referral service with pyoderma and 41 healthy control dogs.. Skin, nasal and rectal swabs for bacterial culture were collected at the time of referral and after clinical resolution of the pyoderma. Meticillin resistance was confirmed by demonstration of penicillin binding protein 2a antigen.. Initially, skin cultures yielded MRSP in 70 (40.5%) dogs, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in three (1.7%) and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus schleiferi ssp. coagulans (MRSScoag) in five (2.9%). Samples collected from the nose and rectum (carriage sites) yielded MRSP in 59 (34.1%) dogs, MRSA in 11 (6.4%) and MRSScoag in seven (4.0%). One hundred and two dogs were available for follow-up cultures after clinical cure. Of 42 dogs initially diagnosed with MRSP pyoderma, MRSP was isolated at follow-up from skin in 19 (45.2%) and carriage sites in 20 (47.6%). Of 60 dogs that did not have MRSP pyoderma initially, MRSP was isolated post-treatment from the skin in 17 (28.3%), and MRSP from carriage sites increased from 7.8% (initially) to 26.7% (P = 0.0022).. Colonization by MRSP often persists after resolution of MRSP pyoderma. Acquisition of MRSP during treatment appears to be common.

Topics: Animals; Carrier State; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Methicillin Resistance; Nose; Pyoderma; Rectum; Skin; Staphylococcal Skin Infections; Staphylococcus

In veterinary medicine, Staphylococcus schleiferi was previously assumed to be an inhabitant of carnivore skin, however, more recently, it has been repeatedly documented in the literature as both an inhabitant and as a pathogen. In order to determine the frequency of nasal carriage, and the methicillin susceptibility pattern of S. schleiferi from healthy dogs as well as dogs with otitis and/or pyoderma, a prospective study including 24 dogs with healthy ears and skin, 27 dogs with healthy ears and pyoderma, 15 dogs with otitis without pyoderma and 20 dogs with both otitis and pyoderma was performed. Specimens were obtained and cultured and isolates were identified as S. schleiferi based on growth and biochemical characteristics. S. schleiferi was isolated from the nares of 1 healthy dog, 3 dogs with recurrent pyoderma, 2 dogs with recurrent otitis, and 1 dog with both recurrent otitis and pyoderma. One of the S. schleiferi isolates was methicillin resistant. Nasal carriage of S. schleiferi does occur in healthy dogs as well as dogs with otitis and pyoderma. Methicillin resistant and sensitive S. schleiferi can be found in the nares of dogs with diseased ears and skin.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Ear; Methicillin Resistance; Nose; Otitis; Oxacillin; Prospective Studies; Pyoderma; Skin; Staphylococcal Skin Infections; Staphylococcus

Canine discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and mucocutaneous pyoderma (MCP) have overlapping clinical and histopathological changes, often making diagnosis difficult. Histopathological features of 27 nasal planum biopsies were scored to determine whether DLE and MCP were histopathologically distinguishable. Long-term follow-up, enabling assessment of clinical diagnoses, was available on 15 cases; 11/15 cases were immunomodulatory responsive (ImR) and 4/15 were antibiotic responsive (AbR). Clinical diagnosis, determined by response to treatment for 15/27 cases, was not predictable based on scoring of histopathological features. Distinct histopathological patterns were observed: 2/11 ImR cases had a lymphocyte-rich interface dermatitis. All other cases had the same histopathological changes: a band-like diffuse superficial plasmacytic to lymphoplasmacytic dermatitis +/- focal basal cell damage, but different clinical diagnoses (4/4 AbR, 9/11 ImR). German shepherd dogs/crosses were over-represented (44.4% of the cases) and tended to have more multifocal lesions (41.7% vs. 26.7% of all other breeds). Longer duration of disease was associated with a preponderance of plasmacytic infiltrate (P = 0.026).

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Immunologic Factors; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Male; Nose; Pyoderma; Retrospective Studies

Topics: Eyelids; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Nose; Pyoderma; Skin

Topics: Axilla; Bacteria; Humans; Nose; Perineum; Pyoderma; Staphylococcus

Topics: Humans; Micrococcus; Nose; Pharynx; Pyoderma; Skin; Staphylococcus

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Nose; Pyoderma

The primary body site of acquisition of group A streptococci was examined prospectively in a population with endemic streptococcal pyoderma. Weekly cultures were obtained during the skin infection season from apparently normal upper respiratory and cutaneous sites (and from skin lesions when present) in 44 children and adults living on the Red Lake Indian Reservation.During the 9-week period of the study 705 of a total of 2305 cultures were positive for group A streptococci. The percentage of positive cultures from the various sites were: throat (20%); nose (24%); wrist (32%); ankle (35%); back (22%); and skin lesions (81%). Group A streptococci were also isolated from fingernail dirt, clothing and bedding as well as from a few household pets and insects.Analysis of serial cultures obtained from the same individuals at weekly intervals suggested that the strains isolated from skin lesions first appeared on normal skin in the 2 weeks preceding the lesion. Spread to the nose and throat followed skin acquisition and/or skin lesions.The high prevalence of group A streptococci on normal skin in the absence as well as the presence of pyoderma, and their appearance on normal skin before recovery from either skin lesions or the upper respiratory tract are consistent with the view that skin acquisition was a primary predisposing factor to pyoderma. Since the literature indicates that group A streptococci are rarely part of the normal skin flora, these findings raise the possibility of unique biological properties of these and perhaps other pyoderma strains, as distinct from other group A streptococci.

Topics: Adolescent; Agglutination Tests; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Nose; Pharynx; Precipitin Tests; Prospective Studies; Pyoderma; Skin; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chloramphenicol; Dermatology; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Nose; Penicillins; Pyoderma; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Tetracycline