phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Pulmonary-Fibrosis

Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are complex formulations designed for effective lubricating, cooling, and cleaning tools and parts during machining operations. Adverse health effects such as respiratory symptoms, dermatitis, and cancer have been reported in workers exposed to MWFs. Several constituents of MWFs have been implicated in toxicity and have been removed from the formulations over the years. However, animal studies with newer MWFs demonstrate that they continue to pose a health risk. This investigation examines the hypothesis that unrecognized health hazards exist in currently marketed MWF formulations that are presumed to be safe based on hazard assessments of individual ingredients. In vivo 13-week inhalation studies were designed to characterize and compare the potential toxicity of four MWFs: Trim VX, Cimstar 3800, Trim SC210, and Syntilo 1023. Male and female Wistar Han rats or Fischer 344N/Tac rats and B6C3F1/N mice were exposed to MWFs via whole-body inhalation at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/m

Topics: Animals; Female; Inhalation Exposure; Larynx; Lubricants; Lung; Male; Metallurgy; Mice; Nose; Oils; Organ Size; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Rats; Surface-Active Agents; Toxicity Tests

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Humans; Lung; Lung Diseases; Nose; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Fibrosis

Topics: Air Pollutants; Bronchi; Humans; Lung; Nose; Particle Size; Permeability; Pulmonary Emphysema; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Respiratory System; Trachea; Volatilization

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Encephalomyelitis; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Hemagglutination, Viral; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Lung; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Orthomyxoviridae; Paramyxoviridae; Pregnancy; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn; Swine; Swine Diseases; Trachea; Vomiting

Topics: Adenoviridae Infections; Ampicillin; Anal Canal; Bronchiectasis; Child; Child, Preschool; Cloxacillin; Complement Fixation Tests; Female; Finland; Follow-Up Studies; Gastroenteritis; Heart Diseases; Hemorrhagic Disorders; Hepatomegaly; Humans; Infant; Kidney Diseases; Male; Meningism; Meningoencephalitis; Nose; Parasympatholytics; Penicillins; Pneumonia, Viral; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Radiography