phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Premature-Birth

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral cause of pneumonia in children. RSV-specific antibody (ab) protects infants from disease, and may be increased by a potential strategy of maternal RSV vaccination.. To describe the effect of RSV antibody on RSV infection risk in infants in a resource-limited setting.. Transplacental transfer of RSV antibody from mother to the fetus was highly efficient in mother-infant pairs in rural Nepal, though higher antibody concentrations were not protective against earlier or more severe RSV infection in infants.

Topics: Antibodies, Viral; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; Immunization, Passive; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Nepal; Nose; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Pregnancy; Premature Birth; Prospective Studies; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human; Rural Population

This study aims to determine the physiological changes in a pregnant woman's nasal airway, the frequency of pregnancy rhinitis, and the correlation among anterior rhinoscopy (AnR), anterior rhinomanometry (ARM), and subjective nasal obstruction score as she progresses through pregnancy into the postpartum period (PPP).. Twenty non-smoking healthy pregnant women aged 19-35 (average 27.5±4.7) without a history of either respiratory allergy or chronic nasal or sinus problems were included in the study. Detailed history taking, AnR, and ARM were performed by the same ear nose and throat specialist at each trimester and postpartum second week. From then on, the participants scored, subjectively, morning levels of nasal obstruction (0= none, 1= slight, 2= moderate, 3= severe, 4= total obstruction).. The AnR scores were low and the ARM findings were in normal range in the first trimester. Increasing AnR scores through pregnancy and decreasing AnR scores at PPP were statistically significant. Similarly, the ARM findings increased through pregnancy and decreased to normal levels at PPP; however, these changes among trimesters and PPP were not statistically significant.. Anterior rhinomanometry and AnR are useful tools in the determination of nasal physiological changes as pregnancy progresses to PPP.

Topics: Adult; Endoscopy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Maternal Age; Nasal Obstruction; Nose; Parity; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Premature Birth; Prospective Studies; Rhinitis; Rhinomanometry; Young Adult

The aim of the study was to describe our experience using a modified nasal cannula to deliver nasal continuous positive airway pressure and/or nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation during primary neonatal resuscitation of preterm and term newborns.. Data were collected retrospectively for all neonates resuscitated with nasal cannula in the delivery room. The primary outcome was the number of newborns intubated in the delivery room. Secondary outcomes included need for chest compressions, intubations in the first 24 hours, air-leaks, and surfactant administration.. A total of 102 infants were resuscitated using nasal cannula. Eight (7.8%) were intubated in the delivery room, five (4.9%) required chest compressions, and five (4.9%) had pneumothorax noted on chest X-ray. No deaths occurred in the delivery room. Twenty-eight patients (27.5%) received early rescue surfactant after admission to the neonatal intensive care unit.. Neonatal resuscitation can be effectively performed in preterm and term newborns using a modified nasal cannula in the delivery room.

Topics: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Delivery Rooms; Female; Heart Massage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Intensive Care, Neonatal; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male; Nose; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Premature Birth; Pulmonary Surfactants; Retrospective Studies; Term Birth

Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Ear Cartilage; Female; Humans; Hungary; Jewelry; Mouth; Nose; Pregnancy; Premature Birth; Young Adult