phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Pharyngitis

Bacterial resistance is a growing phenomenon which led the scientific community to search for new therapeutic targets, such as biofilm. A bacterial biofilm is a surface-associated agglomerate of microorganisms embedded in a self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix made of polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and proteins. Scientific literature offers several reports on a biofilm's role in infections regarding various body districts. The presence of a bacterial biofilm is responsible for poor efficacy of antibiotic therapies along with bacterial infections in ear, nose, and throat (ENT) districts such as the oral cavity, ear, nasal cavities, and nasal sinuses. In particular, bacterial biofilms are associated with recalcitrant and symptomatically more severe forms of chronic rhinosinusitis. As of today, there are no therapeutic options for the eradication of bacterial biofilm in ENT districts. Hyaluronic acid is a glycosaminoglycan composed of glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine disaccharide units. Its efficacy in treating rhinosinusitis, whether or not associated with polyposis, is well documented, as well as results from its effects on mucociliary clearance, free radical production and mucosal repair. This review's aim is to evaluate the role of bacterial biofilms and the action exerted on it by hyaluronic acid in ENT pathology, with particular attention to the rhinosinusal district. In conclusion, this paper underlines how the efficacy of hyaluronate as an anti-bacterial biofilm agent is well demonstrated by in vitro studies; it is, however, only preliminarily demonstrated by clinical studies.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Ear; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Sinusitis

For three decades, ambulatory 24-hour intranasal pH monitoring has been the established gold standard for detecting acid reflux in patients with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, device-associated adverse events and unpleasant experiences, reported by patients during pH monitoring have led to the invention of more convenient pH monitors such as Bravo wireless capsule. To compare the interference with daily activities and major adverse events during pH monitoring with Bravo wireless capsule (Bravo) versus conventional intranasal catheter (catheter), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials.gov, and Google Scholar were searched up to March 20, 2015. Only randomized controlled trials in adult patients that compared the interference with routine daily activities and adverse events between Bravo and catheter pH monitors were included. After screening 574 articles, three unique studies with 167 patients met our inclusion criteria. The average age of patients enrolled in these studies was 51 years. Interference with normal daily activities was more in the catheter than Bravo group: 75 ± 5 versus 92 ± 2, P < 0.001 (Andrews et al, findings were reported as100 mm, mean visual analogue scale (VAS) ± standard error of the mean, 100 = completely normal); Wong et al. (mean ± standard error of the mean): 1.3 ± 0.2 versus 0.32 ± 0.1, P = 0.001 and Wenner et al. using 10 cm median VAS (Interquartile range),10 been the worst is 5.7 (2.3-8.0) compared to 0.7 (0.2-3.4), P < 0.0001, respectively. Overall adverse events were more in the catheter group than Bravo (39 ± 4 vs. 26 ± 4, P = 0.012 for Andrews et al. (100 been the worst) and 5.1 (2.0-6.6) vs. 2.1 (0.5-4.6), P < 0.001 for Wenner et al.). No overall adverse events recorded for Wong et al. Most patients in catheter group complained of nasal and throat symptoms. Significantly, runny nose in 24 out of 25 patients (96%) catheter versus 13 out of 25 (52%) Bravo, P = 0.001 and nose pain 15 out 25 (60%) versus 8 out of 25 patients (32%), P = 0.047, respectively for Wong et al. Andrews and Wenner et al also showed profound nasal discomforts in catheter group compared to Bravo (39 ± 3 vs. 10 ± 3, P < 0.001 and 6.5 (1.5-8.0) versus 0.2 (0.0-1.9), P < 0.0001, respectively. Throat symptoms reported in Wong et al. were mainly throat discomfort in catheter group 23 out of 25 patients (92%) versus Bravo 12 out of 25 (48%), P = 0.001 and throat pain catheter (12 out of 25 patients (48%) vs. Bravo 4 out of 25 (16%))

Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Capsule Endoscopy; Catheters; Chest Pain; Equipment Design; Esophageal pH Monitoring; Esophagoscopy; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Male; Nose; Pharyngitis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Pepper (oleoresin capsicum) spray is one of the most common riot-control measures used today. Although not lethal, exposure of pepper spray can cause injury to different organ systems. This review aimed to summarise the major clinicopathological effects of pepper spray in humans.. MEDLINE, EMBASE database, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were used to search for terms associated with the clinicopathological effects of pepper spray in humans and those describing the pathophysiology of capsaicin. A phone interview with two individuals recently exposed to pepper spray was also conducted to establish clinical symptoms.. Major key words used for the MEDLINE search were "pepper spray", "OC spray", "oleoresin capsicum"; and other key words as "riot control agents", "capsaicin", and "capsaicinoid". We then combined the key words "capsaicin" and "capsaicinoid" with the major key words to narrow down the number of articles. A search with other databases including EMBASE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was also conducted with the above phrases to identify any additional related articles.. All article searches were confined to human study. The bibliography of articles was screened for additional relevant studies including non-indexed reports, and information from these was also recorded. Non-English articles were included in the search.. Fifteen articles were considered relevant. Oleoresin capsicum causes almost instantaneous irritative symptoms to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Dermatological effects include a burning sensation, erythema, and hyperalgesia. Ophthalmic effects involve blepharospasm, conjunctivitis, peri-orbital oedema, and corneal pathology. Following inhalation, a stinging or burning sensation can be felt in the nose with sore throat, chest tightness, or dyspnoea. The major pathophysiology is neurogenic inflammation caused by capsaicinoid in the pepper spray. There is no antidote for oleoresin capsicum. Treatment consists of thorough decontamination, symptom-directed supportive measures, and early detection and treatment of systemic toxicity. Decontamination should be carefully carried out to avoid contamination of the surrounding skin and clothing.. Pepper (oleoresin capsicum) spray is an effective riot-control agent and does not cause life-threatening clinical effects in the majority of exposed individuals. Early decontamination minimises the irritant effects.

Topics: Aerosols; Decontamination; Dyspnea; Eye Diseases; Humans; Inhalation Exposure; Neurogenic Inflammation; Nose; Pharyngitis; Plant Extracts; Riot Control Agents, Chemical; Skin Diseases

The review discusses the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the symptoms of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. An understanding of symptom mechanisms is important for the clinical diagnosis of rhinosinusitis and is important in assessing the efficacy of surgical and medical treatments for rhinosinusitis. The review will discuss the four primary symptoms used to diagnose rhinosinusitis: nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, facial pain and loss of sense of smell; and the secondary symptoms, cough, sneezing, sore throat and voice changes, epiphora, fever, and psychological effects and fatigue. The review will highlight that our understanding of a key diagnostic symptoms facial pain is limited, and that the incidence of pain with rhinosinusitis is controversial. Sneezing is a common symptom of acute rhinosinusitis with allergy but is not normally described as symptom in chronic rhinosinusitis and this anomaly is in need of more research. The mechanism of unilateral nasal obstruction with rhinosinusitis is discussed.

Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Nasal Obstruction; Nose; Olfaction Disorders; Pharyngitis; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Sneezing; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Patients present to the emergency department with a number of eye, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) problems. This article updates some very common problems; identifies a few pearls on nasal foreign body removal, ophthalmologic medication, and epistaxis; and reviews a few pitfalls in identifying malignancies and sore throats.

Topics: Emergency Medicine; Epistaxis; Foreign Bodies; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Nose; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Pharyngitis; Referral and Consultation

In this study, we compared the effectiveness of direct laryngoscopy (DL) and the GlideScope videolaryngoscope (GVL) for nasotracheal intubation, as judged by the time to intubation (TTI-the primary outcome) and the ease of intubation.. Seventy patients requiring nasotracheal intubation for elective surgery were randomly allocated to intubation with the GVL or DL. TTI was assessed by a blinded observer. Operators were blinded until the start of laryngoscopy. A Visual Analog Scale assessed the ease of intubation. The number of intubation attempts, number of failures, glottic grades, amount of bleeding, usage of Magill forceps, and the severity of postoperative sore throat were recorded.. The median TTI was 23.2 s faster with the GVL (43.5 s, interquartile range [IQR]: 39.8-67.3) than with DL (66.7 s, IQR: 53.8-89.9), P = 0.0023. Nasotracheal intubation was easier with the GVL than with DL (Visual Analog Scale 10 mm, IQR: 5.5-18, vs 20 mm, IQR: 10-32, P = 0.0041). The incidence of postoperative moderate or severe sore throat was significantly reduced in the GVL group (9% vs 34%, P = 0.018). Glottic exposure was significantly better with the GVL. Magill forceps were not used in the GVL group, but were used 49% of the time in the DL group, P < 0.0001. The incidence and severity of bleeding were similar between groups.. Compared with DL, the GVL has superior performance characteristics when used for nasotracheal intubation and demonstrates an important reduction of postoperative sore throat. The GVL has a clear role in routine nasotracheal intubation.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Laryngoscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Pharyngitis; Postoperative Complications; Time Factors; Video Recording

Evaluate the hypopharyngeal packing effectiveness on prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in nasal surgery.. A randomized clinical trial was conducted from July 2004 to October 2005. The intervention group was submitted to hypopharyngeal packing after orotracheal tube placement. The control group had no hypopharyngeal packing. Occurrence of nausea, vomiting, use of antiemetic drugs, and throat pain were checked blindly on recovery period.. One hundred forty-four patients were included in the study. There was no difference related to postoperative nausea (RR 1.34; CI 0.72-2.48), vomiting (RR 0.52; CI 0.19-1.47), use of antiemetic drugs (RR 1.54; CI 0.80-2.95), and throat pain (RR 0.91; 0.62-1.34) between both groups. A beta error could not be excluded.. Results suggest there is no benefit in hypopharyngeal packing on PONV prevention in nasal surgery. New studies with a greater number of patients should be carried out in order to confirm these results.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antiemetics; Child; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Hypopharynx; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male; Middle Aged; Nasal Septum; Nose; Paranasal Sinuses; Pharyngitis; Postoperative Complications; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; Rhinoplasty; Single-Blind Method; Tampons, Surgical; Treatment Outcome; Turbinates

The efficacy of pharyngeal packing in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing nasal surgery was evaluated in a prospective randomised controlled study. The effect of the presence of the pharyngeal pack on the incidence of postoperative sore throat was also assessed. One hundred patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups; the first had packing and the second received no packing. The placement of a pharyngeal pack was found to have no effect on the incidence of PONV but was associated with a significantly increased incidence of sore throat. The absence of a pharyngeal pack was not associated with an increase in postoperative aspiration or vomiting. We conclude that the routine placement of pharyngeal packs during uncomplicated nasal surgery has no effect on the incidence of PONV and will increase the incidence of postoperative sore throat.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Intraoperative Care; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; Prospective Studies; Tampons, Surgical

The purpose of the study was to assess the suitability and safety of the flexible reinforced laryngeal mask airway (FRLMA) for intranasal surgery (INS) anesthesia. A secondary objective was to compare the incidence of complications of removal of the FRLMA with tracheal extubation in awake and anesthetized patients. One hundred fourteen ASA physical status I and II patients requiring INS were randomly assigned into three groups: Group I = FRLMA, Group II = endotracheal tube (ET) extubated awake, and Group II = ET extubated deeply anesthetized. In Group I, the incidence of coughing and oxyhemoglobin desaturation at removal was significantly reduced compared with that in Groups II and III (P < 0.05). There were no episodes of postremoval laryngospasm in Group I; in Group III, the incidence was 19% (P < 0.05), whereas in Group II, it was 6% (not significantly different). The number of patients with oxyhemoglobin desaturation < or = 92% on admission to the postanesthesia care unit was 0% in Group I, 26% in Group II (P < 0.05), and 16% in Group III (not significantly different). At bronchoscopy, the incidence of blood visible in the airway was low and similar among the three groups (3%, 6%, and 3%, respectively). There were no significant differences in the incidence of airway complications between Groups II and III.. We compared airway management for intranasal surgery anesthesia using a new device, the flexible reinforced laryngeal mask airway, with the current standard of tracheal intubation. The study demonstrates that the flexible reinforced laryngeal mask airway can provide a safe, protected airway with a smoother emergence from anesthesia than tracheal intubation.

Topics: Adult; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Bronchoscopy; Cough; Equipment Design; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hoarseness; Humans; Incidence; Intubation, Intratracheal; Laryngeal Masks; Laryngismus; Male; Nose; Oxyhemoglobins; Pharyngitis; Pliability; Postoperative Hemorrhage; Respiration; Respiration, Artificial; Safety; Wakefulness

Fluticasone propionate (FP) is a topical corticosteroid with minimal systemic activity. We examined safety and compared the efficacy of FP aqueous nasal spray, 200 micrograms every day with loratadine tablets, 10 mg by mouth every day in 240 adolescents with ragweed pollen-induced seasonal allergic rhinitis for 4 weeks in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study. Nasal and eye symptoms were recorded daily on a 4-point (0 to 3) scale. A higher percentage of symptom-free days was observed for nasal blockage on waking during treatment with FP (p < 0.0001). Significant results were also obtained for all other nasal symptoms when analyzed for both symptom-free days and symptom scores. No differences were found for eye irritation symptoms (p = 0.14). Morning and evening nasal peak inspiratory flow (PIF) was recorded daily by 57 subjects. FP treatment was associated wit significantly higher PIF values than loratadine both morning (p = 0.0051) and evening (p = 0.0036). A greater improvement over 4 weeks was observed for PIF morning values in the FP group (p = 0.008) but not for evening values (p = 0.358). Statistically significant correlations were found for nasal blockage and PIF in the morning (r = -0.54, p = 0.0001) and in the evening (r = -0.46, p = 0.008).

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Androstadienes; Anti-Allergic Agents; Child; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fluticasone; Headache; Humans; Loratadine; Male; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pulmonary Ventilation; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies; Body Temperature; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Common Cold; Conjunctivitis; Exanthema; Female; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Humans; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Neutralization Tests; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Rubella Vaccine; Rubella virus; Tonsillitis; Vaccination; Viral Vaccines; Virus Cultivation

To investigate long-term complications of newer reconstructive palate surgery techniques.. Retrospective case-series analysis.. Retrospective six-country clinical study of OSA patients who had nose and palate surgery.. There were 217 patients, mean age = 43.9 ± 12.5 years, mean body mass index = 25.9 ± 4.7, mean preoperative apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] = 30.5 ± 19.1, follow-up 41.3 months. A total of 217 palatal procedures were performed, including 50 expansion sphincter pharyngoplasties (ESP), 34 functional expansion pharyngoplasties (FEP), 40 barbed reposition pharyngoplasties (BRP), 64 modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasties (mUPPP), 11 uvulopalatal flap procedures (UPF), nine suspension pharyngoplasties (SP), eight relocation pharyngoplasties (RP), and one z-pharyngoplasty (ZPP). Complications included were constant and/or felt twice per week; dry throat (7.8%), throat lump feeling (11.5%), throat phlegm (10.1%), throat scar feeling (3.7%), and difficulty swallowing (0.5%). Of the 17 patients who had a dry throat complaint, two were constant (one SP, one RP), 15 were occasional (10 mUPPP, three SP, two BRP). Of the 25 patients with the throat lump feeling, four were constant (three RP, one ZPP), 21 were occasional (10 mUPPP, five SP, five UPF, one BRP). Of the 22 patients with the throat phlegm feeling, four were constant (two SP, two RP), 18 were occasional (10 mUPPP, four BRP, two FEP, two SP). Of the eight patients with throat scar feeling, eight were occasional (four SP, two mUPPP, one FEP, one RP), none were constant. One patient had difficulty swallowing (RP procedure). There was no velopharyngeal incompetence, taste disturbance, nor voice change. Highest symptom complaints were mUPPP, SP, and RP, whereas the lowest symptom complaint was ESP.. Newer palatal techniques have shown to have less long-term complications compared to the older ablative techniques.. 4 Laryngoscope, 130:2281-2284, 2020.

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Palate; Pharyngitis; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

According to WHO almost half of the population undergoing infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract one third of which is inflammatory diseases of the pharynx. This article presents the therapy issue of patients with sore throat due to acute pharyngitis and/or acute tonsillitis of non-streptococcal etiology based on our own experience and literature data. Observational study was carried out at the Otorhinolaryngology department of MSUMD n.a. A.I. Evdokimov in order to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of complex local drug Doritricin. The study involved 52 patients, objective and subjective manifestations of the disease were evaluated. Obtained data indicate the effectiveness and safety of Doritricin, as well as the possibility of reducing the number of drugs used during treatment.. По данным ВОЗ, ежегодно почти половина населения переносит инфекционные заболевания верхних дыхательных путей, треть которых составляют воспалительные заболевания глотки. В обзорной статье на основании собственного опыта и данных литературы представлена проблема лечения пациентов с болью в горле при остром фарингите и/или остром тонзиллите нестрептококковой этиологии. На кафедре оториноларингологии МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова было проведено наблюдательное исследование с целью определения эффективности и переносимости комплексного препарата местного действия «Доритрицин». В ходе исследования были обследованы 30 человек, у которых оценивались субъективные и объективные симптомы. Полученные данные свидетельствуют об эффективности и безопасности «Доритрицина», а также о возможности сокращения количества применяемых препаратов.

Topics: Humans; Larynx; Nose; Peritonsillar Abscess; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Streptococcal Infections

Influenza infections may result in different clinical presentations. This study aims to determine the clinical differences between circulating influenza strains in a young healthy adult population in the tropics.. A febrile respiratory illness (FRI) (fever ≥ 37.5°C with cough and/or sore throat) surveillance program was started in 4 large military camps in Singapore on May 2009. Personnel with FRI who visited the camp clinics from 11 May 2009 to 25 June 2010 were recruited. Nasal washes and interviewer-administered questionnaires on demographic information and clinical features were obtained from consenting participants. All personnel who tested positive for influenza were included in the study. Overall symptom load was quantified by counting the symptoms or signs, and differences between strains evaluated using linear models.. There were 434 (52.9%) pandemic H1N1-2009, 58 (7.1%) seasonal H3N2, 269 (32.8%) influenza B, and 10 (1.2%) seasonal H1N1 cases. Few seasonal influenza A (H1N1) infections were detected and were therefore excluded from analyses, together with undetermined influenza subtypes (44 (1.5%)), or more than 1 co-infecting subtype (6 (0.2%)). Pandemic H1N1-2009 cases had significantly fewer symptoms or signs (mean 7.2, 95%CI 6.9-7.4, difference 1.6, 95%CI 1.2-2.0, p < 0.001) than the other two subtypes (mean 8.7, 95%CI 8.5-9.0). There were no statistical differences between H3N2 and influenza B (p = 0.58). Those with nasal congestion, rash, eye symptoms, injected pharynx or fever were more likely to have H3N2; and those with sore throat, fever, injected pharynx or rhinorrhoea were more likely to have influenza B than H1N1-2009.. Influenza cases have different clinical presentations in the young adult population. Pandemic H1N1 influenza cases had fewer and milder clinical symptoms than seasonal influenza. As we only included febrile cases and had no information on the proportion of afebrile infections, further research is needed to confirm whether the relatively milder presentation of pandemic versus seasonal influenza infections applies to all infections or only febrile illnesses.

Topics: Female; Fever; Humans; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype; Influenza, Human; Male; Military Personnel; Nose; Pharyngitis; Singapore; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tropical Climate; Young Adult

Topics: Humans; Intraoperative Care; Nose; Pharyngitis; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; Research Design; Tampons, Surgical

EPIDEMIC: Following the notification of an unusual number of scarlet fever cases within the same primary school, the epidemiological and clinical features of the outbreak were investigated. Questionnaire information about the cases was collected from parents and general practitioners per telephone. Throat specimens were taken, before and after treatment, for culturing and specific typing of streptococci was performed to determine transmission. Within a period of one month, 21 schoolchildren in a class of 29 pupils, with a mean age of 5 years, presented with symptoms caused by streptococcal infection (attack rate: 72%). Eight had scarlet fever, 5 suffered from impetigo and 8 had pharyngitis. A further 6 children, outside of this class, had complaints of scarlet fever, impetigo or pharyngitis. For 90% (26/29) of the schoolchildren a throat culture was established. Twelve positive cultures of the same strain of beta-haemolytic group A streptococcus, T4M4 exotoxin C gene positive, were found. The advice given was to treat all positive children for 3 days with azithromycin to prevent complications and further spreading of the disease. After two weeks only one child, that had not taken the antibiotics, still had a positive throat culture. No further cases or complications were reported.. The pattern of the outbreak was typical of a person-to-person transmission. This was confirmed by typing of the isolates. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of mandatory notification of infectious clusters by institutions, such as schools, as introduced in the new Dutch Infectious Disease Act. On the one hand, the notification gives the municipal health authority the opportunity to analyse source and transmission dynamics and on the other to prevent disease and complications.

Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Carrier State; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease Notification; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Transmission, Infectious; Female; Humans; Impetigo; Incidence; Male; Netherlands; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Scarlet Fever; Schools; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pyogenes

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Framycetin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Pharyngitis; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Seasons; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adenoids; Airway Obstruction; Child; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Humans; Hypertrophy; Nose; Pharyngitis; Recurrence; Tonsillectomy

Topics: Airway Resistance; Cardiac Volume; Heart; Heart Rate; Humans; Lung; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pulse; Respiration; Sinusitis; Vital Capacity

Topics: Air Pollution; Child; Chronic Disease; Endoscopy; Humans; Japan; Nose; Pharyngitis; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Smell

Topics: Acute Disease; Antibodies; Bacteriological Techniques; Blood Sedimentation; Carrier State; Child; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Male; Nose; Penicillin G Benzathine; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Respiratory Tract Infections; Rheumatic Fever; Species Specificity; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Antibodies; Carrier State; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lymphadenitis; Male; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Rheumatic Fever; Rhinitis; Species Specificity; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus

Topics: Adolescent; Alabama; Bacteriological Techniques; Black or African American; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Impetigo; Infant; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Prospective Studies; Seasons; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; White People

Topics: Drug Therapy; Ear; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Nose; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Saliva; Solutions

Topics: Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Chromium; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngitis; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Occupational Diseases; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Toxicology

Topics: Adolescent; Biomedical Research; Chronic Disease; Geriatrics; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Mucous Membrane; Nose; Palatine Tonsil; Paranasal Sinuses; Pathology; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Surgical Procedures, Operative

Topics: Adenoidectomy; Cholesteatoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Epistaxis; Foreign Bodies; Hearing Disorders; Humans; Meningitis; Nose; Otitis; Pharyngitis; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis

Topics: Humans; Nasopharyngitis; Nose; Pharyngitis; Stomatitis; Stomatitis, Aphthous

Topics: Ear; Humans; Nose; Penicillin G; Penicillin V; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Potassium

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Humans; Nose; Pharyngitis; Tonsillitis

Topics: Nose; Otolaryngology; Pharyngitis; Sulfanilamide; Sulfanilamides; Sulfisoxazole; Sulfonamides

Topics: Bacterial Infections; Infections; Nose; Penicillin V; Penicillins; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Rhinitis

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Nose; Novobiocin; Otolaryngology; Pharyngitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Disease; Humans; Nasal Cavity; Nose; Nose Diseases; Penicillins; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Streptococcal Infections

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Nose; Novobiocin; Otolaryngology; Pharyngitis; Tetracycline

Topics: Alaska; Data Collection; Eye Diseases; Humans; Nose; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Pharyngitis; Population Groups

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Disease; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nose; Otolaryngology; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Veterans

Topics: Humans; Nose; Otolaryngology; Penicillins; Pharyngitis; Pharynx

Topics: Humans; Infections; Insufflation; Neck; Nose; Otolaryngology; Pharyngitis; Pharynx; Sulfanilamide; Sulfanilamides; Sulfonamides