phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Periodontal-Diseases

To ensure optimal results, we must do our utmost to achieve targets based on order, symmetry and precision, our ultimate aim being to strive towards the desired harmony, planned contrast and exact proportions. Orthodontic-surgical treatments require specific finishing procedures, which most often call for multidisciplinary, or even transdisciplinary, collaboration. Finishing will involve the dental arches just as much as the orofacial environment. Above all, treatment of this kind demands a highly targeted approach in combination with well-defined and perfectly executed techniques. To finish a case satisfactorily, reasonable targets should be aimed for to ensure they are achieved. One must be ambitious and yet wise. A tight alliance of surgeon and orthodontist will nurture convincing and achievable projects and good, lifelong outcomes. Following the consolidation phase, roughly 4 to 6 weeks post-surgery, we can initiate the final orthodontic treatment, which, in effect, constitutes a mini-treatment in its own right. "Details make perfection, but perfection is not a detail" (Leonardo Da Vinci). "A lucid mind is the ante-chamber of intelligence" (Léo Ferré). In the order of life, every form of unity is always unique, and if each of us is unique, it is because everyone else is too. Ambition, wisdom, lucidity and efficiency will guarantee a successful result, the successful result. We must not be mere observers of our treatments, but the architect, project manager and site foreman at one and the same time. One could talk ad infinitum about finishing orthodontic-surgical cases because everything else leads up to the case-finishing and even the fullest description could never be exhaustive.

Topics: Adult; Communication; Dental Implants; Dentist-Patient Relations; Esthetics; Female; Gingivoplasty; Humans; Lip; Male; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Malocclusion, Angle Class III; Mandibular Advancement; Maxillary Osteotomy; Nose; Orthodontic Space Closure; Orthodontics, Corrective; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; Patient Care Planning; Patient Care Team; Periodontal Diseases; Rhinoplasty; Smiling; Tooth Extraction; Treatment Outcome

To assess the prevalence of periodontal disease, orofacial changes and craniofacial abnormalities in patients with thalassemia major (TM). Dental management is discussed. The sample consisted of 54 patients with TM, 31 males and 23 females aged 5.5 to 18.3 years, with the mean age (+/- SD) of 1.6 +/- 3.2 years. The sample was divided into two subgroups according to age. A similar number of unaffected control group matched by age and sex served as a control. Clinical and radiographic examinations were carried out to assess the prevalence of changes caused by this disorder. Student's t-test was used to compare the means between thalassemic group and the control group. The Chi-square test was employed to determine statistical differences in frequencies between the two groups.. Poor oral hygiene and gingivitis were observed in 61.1% and 43.0% of the thalassemic patients, respectively. The overall mean plaque score was 1.66 +/- 0.51 and gingival score 1.43 +/- 0.59. In all tested periodontal parameters, a higher frequency and severity were noted in the thalassemic patients compared with controls. More than half of the patients exhibited frontal bossing, saddle nose and to less extent maxillary protrusion; giving in severe cases (16.7%) a "chipmunk" like appearance. Dental discoloration and pallor oral mucosa were noted in 44.4% and 38.9%, respectively. Dental/jaw pain was reported by 40.0% and headache by 29.6% of the patients. Increased overjet was evident in 25.9% of the patients. The majority of the patients had thickened frontal bone (66.7%), and thinned inferior border of the mandible (64.6%). Widened dipolic spaces and spiky roots and were observed in one-third of the patients. The ramus length and width in the patients were significantly smaller than in controls (P < 0.001).. TM may particularly diagnose through orofacial abnormalities. Dentists required understanding the complications and management of the disease.

Topics: Adolescent; beta-Thalassemia; Case-Control Studies; Cephalometry; Child; Child, Preschool; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Dental Plaque Index; Facial Pain; Female; Frontal Bone; Gingivitis; Headache; Humans; Jordan; Male; Mandible; Maxilla; Nose; Oral Hygiene Index; Overbite; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Index; Prevalence; Tooth Discoloration; Tooth Diseases

The prosthetic rehabilitation is a surgical alternative in functional-aesthetic facial reconstruction when the conventional reconstructive surgery cannot be applied either because of the psychophysical conditions of the patient or because of an excessive substance loss. From May 2002, 35 facial prosthesis (111 implants) have been positioned. Defects were congenital (N = 12), consequent to trauma (N = 8) and to demolitive surgery for malignant tumors (N= 8), and infection (N = 7). In 4 patients, implants were placed in previously irradiated areas. A total of 111 titanium implants were placed to support 21 auricular prostheses (bilateral in 2 cases), 4 orbital prostheses, 8 nasal prostheses, and 2 complex midfacial prostheses. Implant failure was observed for 2 of the 3 implants placed to support a nasal epithesis in a patient with hepatitis C virus, with an important parodontal disease, who experienced a postinfective necrosis of the nose after a liver transplantation; it was necessary to place an adhesive prosthesis. An implant failure was also observed in a diabetic patient with an extensive midfacial defects due to a mycotic infection, but it did not compromise the retention of the prosthesis. According to our experience, the indication to epithesis is when the conventional reconstructive interventions is inapplicable.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Diabetes Complications; Ear Auricle; Face; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Hepatitis C; Humans; Liver Transplantation; Male; Maxillofacial Injuries; Maxillofacial Prosthesis Implantation; Middle Aged; Mycoses; Nose; Opportunistic Infections; Orbital Implants; Periodontal Diseases; Prosthesis Design; Prosthesis Failure; Prosthesis Implantation; Surgical Wound Infection; Titanium

To develop and apply a detailed clinical protocol for screening and assessing subjects with a complaint of halitosis.. Cross-sectional.. Several methods were used to recruit subjects with a complaint of halitosis, including a newspaper advertisement. A definition of halitosis arising from within the oral cavity, which is not related to generalized chronic gingivitis, chronic periodontitis or pathology of the oral mucosa was used. An extensive list of exclusion criteria was applied at the initial visit. Eligible subjects were asked to follow strict instructions and complete a questionnaire prior to their second visit for data collection. The clinical examination consisted of an organoleptic assessment, Halimeter reading and periodontal examination.. The best method of recruiting subjects was advertising. Of 66 individuals recruited, four failed to attend the screening visit and 25 were excluded. The main reasons for exclusion were poor oral hygiene and existing periodontal disease. Thirty-seven completed the full protocol, resulting in identification of 18 with halitosis and 19 controls.. Application of the exclusion criteria resulted in significant attrition of eligible participants. Our results suggest that organoleptic assessment should be regarded as a useful standard for defining subjects with halitosis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Halitosis; Humans; Lung; Male; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Mouth; Nose; Odorants; Oral Hygiene; Patient Selection; Periodontal Diseases; Smell; Surveys and Questionnaires

Topics: Bacteria; Cadaverine; Halitosis; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide; Nose; Odorants; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Palatine Tonsil; Periodontal Diseases; Putrescine; Smoking; Tongue; Toothpastes

Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Incisor; Nose; Palate; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontium

Topics: Animals; Chlorides; Eggs; Epinephrine; Food Hypersensitivity; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Meniere Disease; Milk; Nose; Periodontal Diseases; Peritoneal Diseases; Sinusitis; Zinc